What is the effect on biomarkers of smoke exposure of immediate reduction of nicotine content in cigarettes vs. gradual?

(JAMA Network) The optimal approach for reducing nicotine to minimally or nonaddictive levels in all cigarettes sold in the United States has not been determined. In this randomized clinical trial of 1,250 smokers, compared with gradual nicotine reduction, immediate reduction to 0.4 mg of nicotine per gram of tobacco cigarettes was associated with lower toxicant exposure across time, smoking fewer cigarettes per day, greater reduction in dependence and more cigarette-free days.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PCCqYm