NSF grant awarded for research on US natural disaster response and recovery partnerships

(University of Texas at Arlington) After 2017's record year of billion-dollar disaster events, identifying lessons learned and best practices from the response and recovery efforts can streamline future collaborations in times of crisis. The National Science Foundation recently awarded Daniel Sledge, a UTA associate professor of political science, and Herschel Thomas, a UTA assistant professor of political science, a research grant to study and report findings on this topic.

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Monash discovery uncovers clue to disarm gonorrhea superbug

(Monash University) Monash University researchers have discovered a way the gonorrhea bacteria cleverly evade the immune system -- opening up the way for therapies that prevent this process, allowing the body's natural defenses to kill the bug.

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Optimistic Latinos have healthier hearts, study finds

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Latinos who are the most optimistic are more likely to have healthy hearts, suggests a new study of more than 4,900 Latinos led by, Rosalba Hernandez. She is a professor of social work at the University of Illinois. The study was published in BMJ Open.

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Federal officials urged to increase perinatal depression treatment in minority women

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Despite increased risks of perinatal depression, research has shown that Latina and African-American women are significantly less likely to be screened or treated.In a new paper, researchers at the University of Illinois and Northwestern University are urging federal policymakers to appropriate funds to boost diagnosis and treatment rates among minority women, including increasing the number of medical providers trained in culturally sensitive screening and treatment methods.

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Can a Mediterranean diet pattern slow aging?

(The Gerontological Society of America) A series of six articles appearing in the March issue of The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences finds new correlations between a Mediterranean diet and healthy aging outcomes -- while also underscoring the need for careful approaches to the use of data in order to measure the diet's potential benefits.

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Linking teen driving behaviors to ADHD, other mental health factors

(University of Pennsylvania) Teen drivers are three times more likely to get into a fatal crash than their more-experienced, older counterparts. Research led by Catherine McDonald and Thomas Power of the University of Pennsylvania, found a link between mistakes these new drivers make and self-reported ADHD and other inattention disorders.

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Tufts CTSI and The Jackson Laboratory announce esearch and training collaboration

(Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute) Leaders from Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) and The Jackson Laboratory (JAX) today announced a new five-year collaboration to advance translational research, with the goal of helping bring the latest research into medical practice faster and more efficiently to improve patient care.

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£2.2 million boost for pioneering research into mental health conditions

(University of Edinburgh) Novel research aimed at better understanding mental health conditions such as depression is to receive a £2.2 million investment.

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Internet addiction in teenagers studied at Kazan University

(Kazan Federal University) The authors found out that the majority of those questioned have predispositions for Internet addiction. This includes weak control over time spent online, over their own activity timelines and priority setting. However, they still can limit their online activities in favor of face-to-face communication with friends and other daily activities, such as studies.

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Using chosen names reduces odds of depression and suicide in transgender youths

(University of Texas at Austin) In one of the largest and most diverse studies of transgender youths to date, researchers led by a team at the University of Texas at Austin have found that when transgender youths are allowed to use their chosen name in places such as work, school and at home, their risk of depression and suicide drops.

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Child sexual abuse in US costs up to $1.5 million per child death, study finds

(Georgia State University) Child sexual abuse in the United States is costly, with an average lifetime cost of $1.1 million per death of female victims and $1.5 million per death of male victims, according to a new study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2IdQu70

Opioid use prevalent among electronic dance music partygoers

(New York University) One in 10 electronic dance music (EDM) party attendees have misused opioids in the past year, exceeding the national average, finds a study by the Center for Drug Use and HIV/HCV Research (CDUHR) at NYU Meyers College of Nursing.

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Anti-aging protein alpha Klotho's molecular structure revealed

(UT Southwestern Medical Center) Researchers from UT Southwestern's Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research and Internal Medicine's Division of Nephrology recently published work in Nature that reveals the molecular structure of the so-called 'anti-aging' protein alpha Klotho (a-Klotho) and how it transmits a hormonal signal that controls a variety of biologic processes.

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Poor grades tied to class times that don't match our biological clocks

(University of California - Berkeley) It may be time to tailor students' class schedules to their natural biological rhythms. A study from UC Berkeley and Northeastern Illinois University shows that students whose circadian rhythms were out of sync with their class schedules received lower grades due to 'social jet lag,' a condition in which peak alertness times are at odds with work, school or other demands.

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UMD Researchers explore how personality affects gamified diabetes self-management

(University of Maryland) Researchers at the University of Maryland designed and tested an app for self-managing diabetes for insight into how personality differences might explain why mobile health apps help some patients more than others.

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Kidney dysfunction contributes to severe malaria

(PLOS) Understanding the most severe presentations of malaria is key to lowering the mortality associated with the infectious disease, which currently stands around 500,000 deaths a year. Researchers have now reinforced the idea that kidney dysfunction is a contributing factor to severe Plasmodium vivax malaria cases.

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Making a leap from high-ability high school to college of lesser academic status can be a real downer

(Baylor University) Making the transition from high school to college may be stressful -- but it can be downright depressing for students who graduate from a school with peers of high academic ability and wind up at a college with students of lesser ability, according to a new study.

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The link between urban design and childhood obesity

(Institut national de la recherche scientifique - INRS) Children who live in more walkable neighborhoods have a smaller waist measurement and a lower BMI (body mass index). Those are the findings of a Montreal research team led by INRS professor Tracie A. Barnett. According to the results of the study published in Preventive Medicine by Adrian Ghenadenik (lead author) with Professor Barnett (senior contributing author), urban design is a factor in the development of childhood obesity.

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Topical solution may be less toxic option for patients with noncancerous skin growth

(George Washington University) A team of researchers at the GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences compared the toxicological impact of cryosurgery with an FDA-approved topical 40 percent hydrogen peroxide solution (A-101) for the treatment of seborrheic keratosis, in human skin equivalents derived from darker skin types. The findings were recently published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

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CIFAR congratulates Canada 150 Research Chair joining U of T

(Canadian Institute for Advanced Research) CIFAR congratulates CIFAR Senior Fellow Alán Aspuru-Guzik, who is joining the University of Toronto as one of the Canada 150 Research Chairs announced today by Minister of Science Kirsty Duncan.

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Industry and academic researchers gather for innovative accelerating cancer cures research symposium

(Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation) On March 28, the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation held the seventh annual Accelerating Cancer Cures Research Symposium. The yearly meeting is designed to encourage collaboration between cancer researchers in industry and their counterparts in academia in order to overcome many of the issues that currently impede progress against cancer. Hosted this year by Genentech, a member of the Roche Group, the meeting included academic researchers from top universities and research institutions.

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Scientists use AI to predict biological age based on smartphone and wearables data

(Gero) Researches at longevity biotech company GERO and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology have developed a computer algorithm that uses Artificial Intelligence to predict biological age and the risk of mortality based on physical activity. The paper is published in Scientific Reports.

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Accurately diagnosing genetic disease prevents cancer, saves lives

(MediaSource) New research testing a method of genetic screening in colon cancer patients could be the key to preventing cancer for thousands of people.

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SAGE Ocean announces its first ever concept grant winners

(SAGE) SAGE Ocean has announced the winners of its first ever Concept Grants: Kenneth Benoit from Quanteda Studio, Tommaso Venturini, Jonathan Gray, and Guillaume Pique from MiniVAN, and Stefano Cresci and Maurizio Tesconi from Digital DNA Toolbox. Each winner has been awarded $35,000 to support the development of their project.

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AAAS announces partnership with 2018 March for Science

(American Association for the Advancement of Science) AAAS, the world's largest general scientific organization, announced Thursday that it will partner with the March for Science, a worldwide nonpartisan movement highlighting the essential role that science plays in understanding our world, improving our daily lives and informing policymaking in towns and cities across the globe.

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Scientists penalized by motherhood

(University of Bath) Despite gender balance at lower levels of academia, challenges still exist for women progressing to more senior roles. This research challenges to what extent a motherhood penalty could be at play.

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Fossils highlight Canada-Russia connection 53 million years ago

(Simon Fraser University) A new 53 million-year-old insect fossil called a scorpionfly discovered at B.C.'s McAbee fossil bed site bears a striking resemblance to fossils of the same age from Pacific-coastal Russia, giving further evidence of an ancient Canada-Russia connection.

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ANU archaeologist discovers Cornish barrow site

(Australian National University) Untouched Bronze-Age burial mound discovered by chance by ANU Archaeologist, Dr. Catherine Frieman. She will begin a 14-day archaeological dig on Easter Saturday to examine the site.

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Study reveals epilepsy drug exposure in womb is linked to poorer school test

(Swansea University) Researchers from the Neurology Research Group in the Swansea University Medical School found that exposure to epilepsy drugs in the womb is linked to significantly poorer school test results among 7 year olds.

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Monkeys' brains synchronize as they collaborate to perform a motor task

(Duke University Medical Center) Scientists have previously shown that when one animal watches another performing a motor task, such as reaching for food, mirror neurons in the motor cortex of the observer's brain start firing as though the observer were also reaching for food. New Duke research appearing March 29 in the journal Scientific Reports suggests mirroring in monkeys is also influenced by social factors, such as proximity to other animals, social hierarchy and competition for food.

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Oregon memory researchers link two brain regions to conceptual organization

(University of Oregon) If your idea of a perfect dog is an abstract rendering of canine qualities extracted across many encounters in your life, you are not alone in how your brain connects memories, say University of Oregon scientists.

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ANU archaeologist discovers Cornish barrow site

(Australian National University) Untouched Bronze-Age burial mound discovered by chance by ANU Archaeologist, Dr. Catherine Frieman. She will begin a 14-day archaeological dig on Easter Saturday to examine the site.

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Dining out associated with increased exposure to harmful chemicals called Phthalates

(George Washington University) Dining out more at restaurants, cafeterias and fast-food outlets may boost total levels of potentially health-harming chemicals called phthalates in the body, according to a study out today.

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Stroke affects more than just the physical

(American Academy of Neurology) A new study looks at what problems affect people most after a stroke and it provides a broader picture than what some may usually expect to see. Stroke affects more than just physical functioning, according to a study is published the March 28, 2018, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

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How self-driving cars could shrink parking lots

(University of Toronto Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering) New U of T Engineering research shows that adoption of self-driving cars -- also known as autonomous vehicles (AVs) -- could significantly reduce the amount of valuable urban space dedicated to parking.

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Double danger: The peril of childbirth for women with rheumatic heart disease

(Case Western Reserve University) Women of childbearing age who suffer from Rheumatic Heart Disease in low- to moderate-income countries like Uganda face a double danger: Increased risk of complications during pregnancy -- including death -- while also bearing a cultural burden and expectation that they'll become mothers.That was among the findings in a recent study led by researcher Allison Webel, an assistant professor at the Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing at Case Western Reserve University.

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13,000-year old human footprints found off Canada's Pacific coast

(PLOS) Human footprints found off Canada's Pacific coast may be 13,000 years old, according to a study published March 28, 2018 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Duncan McLaren and colleagues from the Hakai Institute and University of Victoria, Canada.

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Largest-ever genetic study of stroke provides new insight into the disease

(University of Maryland School of Medicine) An international research group studying 520,000 people from around the world has identified 22 new genetic risk factors for stroke, tripling the number of gene regions known to affect stroke risk. These results provide new clues on stroke mechanisms and could help scientists identify drug targets for treatment. The work is the largest genetic study on stroke ever.

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USDA's NIFA invests in food safety outreach and educational programs

(National Institute of Food and Agriculture ) The US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) today announced awards to provide food safety education for producers and processors affected by the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA). Funding is provided through the NIFA's Food Safety Outreach Program (FSOP).

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Relationship changes after bariatric surgery

(University of Gothenburg) Individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery have a higher probability of getting married, separating from their partner or getting divorced, according to a Swedish study published in JAMA Surgery.

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Stand Up To Cancer grants encourage 'innovation in collaboration'

(Entertainment Industry Foundation) SU2C is awarding $1.25 million to researchers within the SU2C community to collaborate across institutional and national lines on new research projects, to Claire F. Friedman, MD (MSKCC)/Marta ?uksza, PhD (Mount Sinai); Raul Rabadan, PhD (Columbia University )/Dan A. Landau, MD, PhD, (Weill Cornell); E. John Wherry, PhD (University Pennsylvania)/ Matthew Hellmann, MD (MSKCC); Trevor Pugh, PhD (Princess Margaret)/David Barrett, MD, PhD (CHOP); Michal Sheffer, PhD (DFCI)/ Hugo J.G. Snippert, PhD (UMC Utrecht).

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Public willing to pay to improve water quality

(University of Missouri-Columbia) Researchers from the University of Missouri have found in a nationwide survey that members of the public are more willing to pay for improved water quality than other ecosystem services such as flood control or protecting wildlife habitats.

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Misestimating travel times may stop people from walking or biking to work

(Penn State) The extra amount of time needed to walk or bike to work is often cited as a reason most people drive instead. But people are often bad at guessing how it takes to get somewhere, and researchers say most people think it will take longer to walk or bike somewhere than it actually does.

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The physics of finance helps solve a century-old mystery

(Tokyo Institute of Technology) By unleashing the power of big data and statistical physics, researchers in Japan have developed a model that aids understanding of how and why financial Brownian motion arises.

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Early growth after pre­term birth is linked to cog­nit­ive func­tion­ing in adult­hood

(University of Helsinki) M.Psych., B.Med. Sara Sammallahti from University of Helsinki showed in her doctoral study that early growth during the first months of life after preterm birth predicts adult cognitive functioning.

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Meditate regularly for an improved attention span in old age

(Springer) Regular and intensive meditation sessions over the course of a lifetime could help a person remain attentive and focused well into old age. This is according to the most extensive longitudinal study to date examining a group of meditation practitioners. Published in Springer's Journal of Cognitive Enhancement, the research evaluates the benefits that people gained after three months of full-time meditation training and whether these benefits are maintained seven years later.

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Study changes long-held concepts of cell decoding

(NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse) Scientists at the National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program have uncovered evidence that shows a more complex and elaborate role for the body's hard-working G protein-coupled receptors than previously thought, suggesting a conceptual advance in the fields of biochemistry and pharmacology.

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Kobe's smart city project begins underground

(Kobe University) Underground complex 'Santica' in the heart of Kobe, Japan, is the target of a three-year initiative to develop an airflow control system based on AI sensors that detect the movement of people and air currents.

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Genes in songbirds hold clues about human speech disorders, UCLA biologists report

(University of California - Los Angeles) New insights about how songbirds learn to sing provide promising clues about human speech disorders and may lead to new ways of treating them.

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Mental health issues linked to risky driving in newly licensed teens

(Wolters Kluwer Health) Mental health symptoms related to attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder are associated with increased errors in a driving simulator and self-reported risky driving behaviors in adolescents, according to study in Nursing Research, published by Wolters Kluwer.

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University of Cincinnati researcher receives US patent for potential COPD treatment

(University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center) A researcher in the University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine has been granted a US patent for a potential treatment for a pulmonary infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).The treatment, known as AB569, was developed in the lab of Daniel Hassett, PhD, a professor in the UC Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology.

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UCLA-designed program helps former HIV-positive inmates maintain health after release from jail

(University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences) Researchers have developed an experimental program to help HIV-positive people maintain their health care regimens after their release from jail. They found that the program was more effective in helping inmates stay on their medications, and in keeping the virus controlled, than the approach that is most commonly used today for former inmates.

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Are we quantum computers?

(University of California - Santa Barbara) Led by Matthew Fisher, an international collaboration of researchers will investigate the brain's potential for quantum computation.

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Narcissists don't hunt for partners who are already taken -- but it doesn't stop them

(Ohio State University) Narcissists aren't necessarily on the hunt for partners who are already in a relationship - but that doesn't appear to stand in their way, either, new research suggests.

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Heather Whitson, leader in multimorbidity care, to deliver #AGS18 Yoshikawa Lecture

(American Geriatrics Society) The American Geriatrics Society (AGS) and the AGS Health in Aging Foundation today announced that Heather E. Whitson, MD, MHS, Associate Professor of Medicine and Ophthalmology at the Duke University School of Medicine and Deputy Director at Duke's Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, will deliver the 2018 Thomas and Catherine Yoshikawa Award plenary presentation on individualizing health and promoting resilience in medically complex older adults as part of the AGS Annual Scientific Meeting (#AGS18; May 3-5 in Orlando, Fla.).

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AGS honors Drs. John Burton, George Drach for decades pioneering geriatrics

(American Geriatrics Society) The American Geriatrics Society (AGS) will this May honor two of the field's most seasoned clinician-educators. John R. Buton, MD, AGSF and George W. Drach, MD, AGSF will be recognized for decades of commitment to community service and geriatrics education when they receive the David H. Solomon Public Service Award at the AGS 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting (#AGS18), held May 3-5 in Orlando, Fla.

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At #AGS18, Drs. William Applegate, Thomas Edes honored for geriatrics leadership

(American Geriatrics Society) The American Geriatrics Society (AGS) will this year honor not one but two pioneers of geriatrics expertise with the prestigious Nascher/Manning Award given biannually at the AGS Annual Scientific Meeting (#AGS18; held this year May 3-5 in Orlando, Fla.).

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AGS honors Dr. Jane Potter for far-reaching impact training future leaders in geriatrics

(American Geriatrics Society) The American Geriatrics Society (AGS) today announced that Jane Potter, MD, AGSF, Chief in the Division of Geriatrics at the University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), will be honored with the 2018 Dennis W. Jahnigen Award celebrating work to train more health professionals in the care we all need as we age.

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Estrogen levels do not rise for transgender men treated with testosterone therapy

(Boston Medical Center) Testosterone therapy is not associated with a rise in estrogen levels among transgender men, according to a new study led by Boston Medical Center (BMC). In fact, the researchers observed an initial decline in estrogen levels, which later stabilized and remained within the normal range during the study's six-year period.

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Dr. J. Eugene Lammers, champion of team approach to geriatrics, named Clinician of Year

(American Geriatrics Society) The American Geriatrics Society (AGS) today named J. Eugene Lammers, MD, MPH, FACP, AGSF, its 2018 Clinician of the Year. Dr Lammers is Medical Director and Primary Care Physician at Mercy LIFE of Alabama, where he is part of an interdisciplinary team caring for 175 older adults. Dr. Lammers will be honored at the AGS 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting (#AGS18; May 3-5 in Orlando, Fla.).

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Dr. Bruce Leff, expert in home care as we age, to deliver #AGS18 Henderson Lecture

(American Geriatrics Society) The American Geriatrics Society (AGS) today announced that Bruce Leff, MD, AGSF, a Professor of Medicine and Director, Center for Transformative Geriatric Research, at Johns Hopkins Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, will deliver the prestigious Henderson State-of-the-Art Lecture at the AGS 2018 Annual Scientific Meeting (#AGS18; May 3-5 in Orlando, Fla.). Dr. Leff's lecture, "Look Homeward, Medicine!," will focus on our growing population of home-bound older adults.

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New technique sheds light on body language in job interviews, sales calls, team projects

(Dartmouth College) New system using infrared light tags to monitor interactions could lead to a more precise understanding of how individuals interact in social settings and can increase the effectiveness of communications coaching.

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New scheduling model puts airlines on equal plane while easing congestion

(Dartmouth College) New study demonstrates how air traffic congestion can be reduced through flight schedules without favoring certain airlines over others.

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Strategic expression

(University of California - Santa Barbara) Psychology professor's new research reveals facial expressions as tools for social influence.

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New study on nicotinic receptors & LT memory paves way for targeted dementia therapy

(University of Bristol) A new University of Bristol study, which identifies how acetylcholine impacts learning and memory by acting at different receptors, could prove significant in the drive to develop more targeted and effective therapies for dementia.

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New technology reveals secrets of famous Neandertal skeleton La Ferrassie 1

(Binghamton University) An international team of researchers, led by Dr. Asier Gomez-Olivencia of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and including Binghamton University anthropologist Rolf Quam, has provided new insights on one of the most famous Neandertal skeletons, discovered over 100 years ago: La Ferrassie 1.

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New technology reveals secrets of famous Neandertal skeleton La Ferrassie 1

(Binghamton University) An international team of researchers, led by Dr. Asier Gomez-Olivencia of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and including Binghamton University anthropologist Rolf Quam, has provided new insights on one of the most famous Neandertal skeletons, discovered over 100 years ago: La Ferrassie 1.

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Marijuana may lead non-smokers to cigarettes

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) While cigarette smoking is declining, marijuana use is rising and, disproportionately, marijuana users also smoke cigarettes. Our new study reports that cannabis use was associated with an increased initiation of cigarette smoking among non-cigarette smokers, and that adults who smoke cigarettes and use cannabis are less likely to quit smoking cigarettes than those who do not use cannabis. Former smokers who use cannabis are also more likely to relapse to cigarette smoking.

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A football coach's overconfidence has a positive impact on the team's result

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Experts of the Higher School of Economics have determined that the overconfidence of head football coaches is positively connected with the results of the team. Researchers analyzed the behavior of coaches in the Russian Football Premier League. The results of the study have been published in the International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching.

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Despite reductions in infectious disease mortality in US, diarrheal disease deaths on the rise

(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) Deaths from infectious diseases have declined overall in the United States over the past three decades. However, the rates of decline varied significantly by counties, according to a new scientific study.

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Study examines usability of electronic health records, safety events

(JAMA Network) The usability of electronic health records may be associated with some safety events where patients were possibly harmed.

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Decline in deaths from most infectious diseases in US, large differences among counties

(JAMA Network) Deaths due to most infectious diseases decreased in the United States from 1980 to 2014, although there were large differences among counties.

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Parts of the Amazon thought uninhabited were actually home to up to a million people

(University of Exeter) Parts of the Amazon previously thought to have been almost uninhabited were really home to thriving populations of up to a million people, new research shows.

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Foul ball! Time to abolish rule protecting MLB from liability when fans are injured

(Indiana University) In advance of Major League Baseball's opening day on Thursday, new research from Indiana University's Kelley School of Business suggests that the risk of fans being hit by a foul ball or errant bat at games has increased in recent years. The research, accepted for publication by William & Mary Law Review, also argues that it is time to abolish the so-called 'Baseball Rule,' a legal doctrine established in 1913 to immunize baseball teams from liability.

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Coding at birth: Nuffield Council on Bioethics publishes briefing note on whole genome sequencing of babies

(Nuffield Council on Bioethics) The Nuffield Council on Bioethics has today published a briefing note that examines the ethical issues raised by whole genome sequencing of babies.

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Successful testing of Cohere Technologies' 5G turboConnect fixed wireless access at 5TONIC

(IMDEA Networks Institute) 5TONIC Labs, Telefónica, and Cohere Technologies today announced that the companies have cooperated in successful trials to test Cohere Technologies' new 5G turboConnect™ Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) solution.

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Childhood friendships may have some health benefits in adulthood

(Association for Psychological Science) Time spent with friends in childhood is associated with physical health in adulthood, according to data from a multi-decade study of men. The findings, published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, show that boys who spent more time with friends as children tended to have lower blood pressure and lower BMI as men in their early 30s.

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Kent physiotherapist contributes to guidelines for knee cartilage treatment

(University of Kent) A Kent physiotherapist contributes to international guidelines for knee cartilage treatment.Thousands of people worldwide with knee cartilage problems are expected to benefit from updated international guidelines on how to manage the condition.

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How to deal with embarrassing situations

(Springer) Feelings of embarrassment can be overcome through mental training. This is the finding of a study published in Springer's journal Motivation and Emotion. By training your mind to be an observer rather than actively participating in the embarrassing situation it is possible overcome humiliating or distressing feelings, says Li Jiang of Carnegie Mellon University in the US who led the study.

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Research shows why we struggle to get good night's sleep as we get older

(University of Kent) New research has identified the way age impairs the ability of the circadian clock in mammals to re-set itself when exposed to light, resulting in disruption to sleeping patterns and consequent threats to wellbeing.

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From lullabies to live concerts: How music and rhythm shape our social brains

(Cognitive Neuroscience Society) A universal sign of motherhood is the lullaby. The world over, mothers sing to their babies, whether Twinkle Twinkle Little Star, their favorite song from the radio, or even random notes. This universality makes the simple lullaby a great window into the human mind. In a new study, cognitive neuroscientists found that lullabies soothe both moms and babies simultaneously, while playsongs increase babies' attention and displays of positive emotion toward their mothers.

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Compared to nomadic communities, Silk Road cities were urban food deserts

(Washington University in St. Louis) Like passionate foodies who know the best places to eat in every town, Silk Road nomads may have been the gastronomic elites of the Medieval Ages, enjoying diets much more diverse than their sedentary urban counterparts, suggests a new study in the Nature journal Scientific Reports.

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DNDi, GSK, and University of Dundee to identify drug candidates to treat leishmaniasis and Chagas

(Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative) The not-for-profit research and development organization Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) will collaborate with GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), and the University of Dundee Drug Discovery Unit (DDU), in a bid to discover new pre-clinical drug candidates targeting two parasitic neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.

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Compared to nomadic communities, Silk Road cities were urban food deserts

(Washington University in St. Louis) Like passionate foodies who know the best places to eat in every town, Silk Road nomads may have been the gastronomic elites of the Medieval Ages, enjoying diets much more diverse than their sedentary urban counterparts, suggests a new study in the Nature journal Scientific Reports.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Gbfv6e

AI improves touchscreen interfaces for users with impairments

(Aalto University) A new AI method adapts touchscreen interfaces to make more out of the capabilities of aging users and users with disabilities. People with tremor, dyslexia, Alzheimer's, or poor eyesight can improve efficiency of smartphone use without expensive devices.

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Study reveals lack of self-awareness among doctors when prescribing opioids

(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) As health providers struggle to curb the epidemic of opioid abuse, researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus have found that 65 percent of emergency department (ED) physicians surveyed underestimated how often they prescribed the highly addictive pain killers to patients.

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Founders of Global Burden of Disease study receive award for research excellence

(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) The co-founders of the groundbreaking Global Burden of Disease study (GBD), Professors Christopher Murray and Alan Lopez, have been selected for an international award honoring the 'world's top scientists who have made outstanding achievements in global health research.'

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Improve your information security by giving employees more options

(Washington State University) A recent study published in the Journal of Management Information Systems suggests information security managers and supervisors could have greater success in motivating employees to act more securely by avoiding cold, authoritative commands, and instead create security messages that are relatable and provide options for how employees can better protect information and respond to threats.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2pHsulZ

Study challenges previous findings that antidepressants affect breastfeeding

(Wiley) New research does not support the previously observed negative impacts of antidepressant use on breastfeeding.

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Symposium explores scope, solutions to opioid epidemic

(University of Houston) Legislators, law enforcement officials, political leaders and medical experts will address the opioid epidemic during a wide-ranging symposium set for April 18 in Houston.

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Hybrid chickadees found deficient at learning and memory

(Lehigh University) Scientists at Lehigh University and Franklin & Marshall College have found that hybrid chickadees have marked deficiencies in learning and memory compared to their pure species parents, a possible selective disadvantage. The study, published today in Evolution, is the first to identify deficiencies in learning and memory in a hybrid of any species.

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Prenatal choline intake increases grey and white matter in piglets

(University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences) Choline intake during pregnancy can influence infant metabolism and brain development, according to a series of studies from the University of Illinois. Although the role of choline in neurodevelopment has been studied before in rodents, the new research, done with pigs, has more relevance to humans.

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Frequent, public drug users may be good candidates for overdose-treatment training

(Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health) The most frequent and public opioid users may be the best available candidates for naloxone training, according to a new study from scientists at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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Why does sleep become disrupted in old age?

(Society for Neuroscience) The brain maintains its ability to generate local neural oscillations during sleep throughout the lifespan, according to a study of young and old mice published in JNeurosci. The research indicates that age-related disruptions in sleep and associated large-scale brain activity, are not due to changes in the activity of individual neurons.

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How infighting turns toxic for chimpanzees

(Duke University) How did a once-unified community of chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania, end up at each other's throats? In a new study, researchers mapped the chimps' social networks at different periods leading up to the split to pinpoint when relations began to fray, and test ideas about what caused the rift. The most likely culprit was a power struggle among three top-ranking males, which was made worse by a shortage of fertile females, results show.

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New study finds younger aged children with symptoms of ADHD have reduced brain size

(GolinHarris DC) Children as young as four years old with symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) showed reduced brain volumes in regions essential for behavioral control, according to a study published today in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. The study, funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), represents the first comprehensive examination of cortical brain volume in preschool children with ADHD and provides an indication that anomalous brain structure is evident in the early stages of development.

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'Phubbing' can threaten our basic human needs, research shows

(University of Kent) New research has shown that ignoring someone you're with in a social setting to concentrate on your mobile phone -- called 'phubbing' -- can can have a negative effect on relationships by threatening our basic human need to belong.

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First IVF bison calf joins NoCo herd

(Colorado State University) Eight bison -- four calves and their mothers -- were released in mid-March on public lands in northern Colorado. A 10-month-old calf known as IVF 1 was among the newcomers.

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Music lessons improve children's cognitive skills and academic performance

(Frontiers) The first large-scale, longitudinal study adapted into the regular school curriculum finds that structured music lessons significantly enhance children's cognitive abilities -- including language-based reasoning, short-term memory, planning and inhibition -- leading to improved academic performance. Visual arts lessons were also found to significantly improve children's visual and spatial memory.

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Looking deeper into brain function

(Forschungszentrum Juelich) As neuroscience enters the era of big data bases, a new approach could offer a deeper and more systematic understanding of brain function, HBP scientists argue in an article in the current issue of the renowned journal Trends in Cognitive Science.

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Who becomes a hero? It is more than just a personality trait

(Ohio State University) We tend to think of heroes in terms of a psychological profile: brave, altruistic, strong. But a new study suggests that for at least one kind of heroism, it takes a village to save a life.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2DVOqhz

Receptivity to e-cigarette ads among young adults in the US leads to cigarette smoking

(University of California - San Diego) Receptivity to advertising for e-cigarettes, cigarettes and cigars were confirmed to be associated with those who would try the respective tobacco product within one year. However, receptivity to e-cigarette advertising also independently increased the odds that 12- to 21-year-olds who have never smoked would try cigarette smoking within the next year by 60 percent. This finding, publishing in the March 26 issue of JAMA Pediatrics, was independent of receptivity to cigarette advertising.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2GtAY9D

New standards for ancient protein studies set forth by multi-national group of researchers

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) A team of researchers from institutions at the leading edge of the new field of palaeoproteomics have published guidelines to provide it with a firm foundation. Ancient proteins are used to study everything from extinct species to ancient human diets to the evolution of diseases, and more. The guide, published in Nature Ecology & Evolution, aims to support good practices in the field and to ensure the generation of robust, reproducible results.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Gf0igt

New standards for ancient protein studies set forth by multi-national group of researchers

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) A team of researchers from institutions at the leading edge of the new field of palaeoproteomics have published guidelines to provide it with a firm foundation. Ancient proteins are used to study everything from extinct species to ancient human diets to the evolution of diseases, and more. The guide, published in Nature Ecology & Evolution, aims to support good practices in the field and to ensure the generation of robust, reproducible results.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology https://ift.tt/2Gf0igt

Study tracks impact of neonatal abstinence syndrome on state Medicaid programs?

(Vanderbilt University Medical Center) In the United States, one infant is born every 15 minutes with withdrawal symptoms after being exposed to opioids before birth, according to a new study published in the journal Pediatrics.

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PLOS announces new website for peer reviewers

(PLOS) Peer review is vital to scientific publishing, yet is often not formally taught. In support of its global peer reviewer community of more than 74,000 researchers, PLOS created the PLOS Reviewer Center.

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Patients to skip the lab, get immediate results with new blood test technology

(University of South Florida (USF Health)) Engineers have developed a mobile version of the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), proving a cheap and easy way to obtain bloodwork and urinalysis without visiting a laboratory.

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Study uncovers the intricacies of the pursuit of higher self-control

(Bar-Ilan University) Self-control is a central human capacity associated with a wide range of personal and societal advantages. In view of its benefits, increasing self-control among children and adults has been advocated as a remedy to many of society's ailments, from childhood obesity to adulthood criminal behavior. Although widely considered highly beneficial, a recent review uncovers some disadvantages to high self-control.

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Values and gender shape young adults' entrepreneurial and leadership

(Academy of Finland) Young adults who are driven by extrinsic rewards and money and less by a sense of security are more likely to want to become entrepreneurs and leaders, according to a recent study.

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Half of vision impairment in first world is preventable

(Anglia Ruskin University) Around half of vision impairment in Western Europe is preventable, according to a new study published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2I4s6EB

Lung transplant drug enters human testing in culmination of decades of work

(University of Virginia Health System) In the culmination of decades of research at the University of Virginia Health System, doctors have begun human testing of a drug they hope will one day save many lives among lung-transplant recipients.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2pHWfC3

Media advisory: International Liver Congress 2018

(European Association for the Study of the Liver) Members of the working press may register for the ILC 2018 for free.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2GaivQo

Neural fingerprints of altruism

(D'Or Institute for Research and Education) For at least 150 years, we know that traumatic brain injury can change several domains of behavior, impairing social behavior or memory, for instance, depending on which brain areas have been damaged. However, mapping the relation between brain areas and behavior can be tough, especially for complex behavior such as altruism. In this study, war veterans with brain lesion were studied to elucidate causal relationship between how specific brain areas are involved in social behavior.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2GaANB6

Karger Publishers expands in the Middle East

(Karger Publishers) Karger Publishers has opened a new Regional Office in Dubai to extend its network in the Middle East. With this local presence, institutions and editors will get direct access to Karger products and services. At the same time Karger Publishers is also adding two regional journals to its portfolio.

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Smart conveyor rollers are helping to optimize parcel logistics operations

(Saarland University) Engineers from Saarbrücken have developed a system of self-monitoring conveyor rollers that aim to help sorting offices and parcel services solve crucial logistics problems. Drive systems specialist Professor Matthias Nienhaus from Saarland University and his team of engineers have found a way of turning the motor inside every drive roller into a sensor.

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Prenatal stress changes brain connectivity in-utero

(Cognitive Neuroscience Society) The time babies spend in the womb is far from idle. The brain is changing more rapidly during this time than at any other time in development. It is an active time for the fetus to grow and explore, and of course connect to its mother. As being presented at the CNS conference, new evidence from in-utero fetal brain scans shows, for the first time, that this connection directly affects brain development.

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Caribou drone study finds 'enormous variation' within herd

(Santa Fe Institute) The first paper to use drones to record the movement of individual animals within a herd finds enormous variation in the social behavior of caribou.

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Finnish drivers use WhatsApp, PokémonGo and Tinder while driving

(University of Jyväskylä - Jyväskylän yliopisto) Researchers at the University of Jyväskylä tracked how Finnish drivers use their smartphones while driving. Drivers seem to use the same applications in traffic as elsewhere, without much moderation. Unexpectedly, heavy smartphone users even increased their phone use in dense traffic. It seems that some of the heavy users accept the risks resulting from the high levels of visual-manual distraction. The greatest smartphone-based risks in traffic seem to be caused by messaging applications.

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Worsening worldwide land degradation now 'critical,' undermining well-being of 3.2 billion people

(Terry Collins Assoc) The dangers of worsening land degradation, causing the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, are detailed for policymakers, together with a catalogue of corrective options, in the three-year assessment report by more than 100 leading experts from 45 countries, launched today. Land degradation caused by human activities is undermining the well-being of two fifths of humanity, driving species extinctions and intensifying climate change. It is also a major contributor to mass human migration and increased conflict.

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Captured on film for the first time: Microglia nibbling on brain synapses

(European Molecular Biology Laboratory) For the first time, EMBL researchers have captured microglia nibbling on brain synapses. Their findings show that the special glial cells help synapses grow and rearrange, demonstrating the essential role of microglia in brain development. Nature Communications will publish the results on March 26.

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Dissecting artificial intelligence to better understand the human brain

(Cognitive Neuroscience Society) In the natural world, intelligence takes many forms. It could be a bat using echolocation to expertly navigate in the dark, or an octopus adapting its behavior to survive in the deep ocean. Likewise, in the computer science world, multiple forms of artificial intelligence are emerging. As will be presented at the CNS conference, cognitive neuroscientists are using those emerging networks to enhance understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain.

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Opioid abuse/dependence in those hospitalized due to periapical abscess

(International & American Associations for Dental Research) At the 47th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR), held in conjunction with the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association for Dental Research (CADR), Veerasathpurush Allareddy, University of Iowa, College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics, Iowa City, presented a poster titled 'Opioid Abuse/Dependence in Those Hospitalized Due to Periapical Abscess.' The AADR/CADR Annual Meeting is in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., USA from March 21-24, 2018.

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Effect of deployment on use of e-cigarettes in US military

(International & American Associations for Dental Research) At the 47th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR), held in conjunction with the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association for Dental Research (CADR), Prescott McWilliams, United States Air Force, San Antonio, Texas and the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU), Postgraduate Dental College (PDC), presented a poster titled 'Effect of Deployment on Use of E-Cigarettes in U.S. Military.' The AADR/CADR Annual Meeting is in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., USA from March 21-24, 2018.

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Governor's Efforts to Disband Puerto Rico Stats Agency Fought on Two Intensifying Fronts

(American Statistical Association) Puerto Rico Gov. Ricardo Rosselló reintroduced his government reorganization plan that would eliminate the Puerto Rico Institute of Statistics (PRIS). On a separate front, he appealed a March 8 Puerto Rico Supreme Court decision ordering the restitution of four scientists to the institute's board of directors. The court determined Rosselló removed these members from the board last summer without due process.

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Internists encouraged by increased funds for healthcare programs in spending bill

(American College of Physicians) The American College of Physicians (ACP) is encouraged that the spending bill passed by Congress meets many of our priorities for federal health care programs. The fiscal year 2018 spending bill, as passed, will result in health policy gains for physicians and our patients.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2IOQUl9

Life-extending drug for ovarian cancer made available in Europe

(Newcastle University) Cancer patients in Europe can now receive a life-extending drug invented and developed by scientists at Newcastle University.

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Basic cardiovascular science congress set to stimulate public discussion on genome editing

(European Society of Cardiology) The European Society of Cardiology's (ESC) basic science congress is set to stimulate public discussion on the use of genome editing and other cutting edge technologies to prevent cardiovascular disease.

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Heart health will be promoted by health professionals at EuroPrevent 2018

(European Society of Cardiology) The impact of nutrition and lifestyle on cardiovascular health will be key elements discussed by health professionals during EuroPrevent 2018 in Ljubljana, Slovenia, in April.1 EuroPrevent is the annual congress of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC), a branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). This year's event will be held from 19 to 21 April at Cankarjev dom Culture and Congress Centre in Ljubljana. The full scientific programme is available here.

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Research discovers how some cancers resist treatment

(Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center) An international team of researchers led by Lucio Miele, M.D., Ph.D., Professor and Chair of Genetics at LSU Health New Orleans School of Medicine, and Justin Stebbing, BM BCh MA, Ph.D, Professor of Cancer Medicine and Medical Oncology at Imperial College of Medicine in London, has found new genetic mutations that promote the survival of cancer cells. The research also provided a clearer understanding of how some cancer cells are able to resist treatment.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2pzHX7w

Older adults who have slower walking speeds may have increased risk for dementia

(American Geriatrics Society) Because there's currently no cure for dementia, it's important to know about risk factors that may lead to developing it. For example, researchers have learned that older adults with slower walking speeds seem to have a greater risk than those with faster walking speeds. Recently, researchers from the UK. teamed up to learn more about changes in walking speed, changes in the ability to think and make decisions, and dementia.

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Helping prevent falls in older adults with dementia

(American Geriatrics Society) Researchers have recently focused on the role that dementia and other cognitive problems may play in falling, in hopes of discovering ways to manage and prevent falls. They published their study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

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Is knee pain linked to depression?

(American Geriatrics Society) According to researchers, knee osteoarthritis affects some 55 percent of people over age 40 in Japan. A research team from the country recently published a study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society examining the effects of knee pain on depression since, until now, few studies have focused on how knee pain and impaired knee function relate to depression.

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More people miss NHS appointments when the clocks go forward

(Lancaster University) The number of missed hospital outpatient appointments increases following the clock change on March 25 2018.Patients are 5% more likely to miss an appointment in the week after the clocks go forward compared with the previous week. NHS figures show that there were 8 million missed appointments in 2016/17. Each hospital outpatient appointment costs £120 so missed appointments represent a significant financial issue for the NHS and have a negative impact on patient care.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2G5L6SK

Searching for long-term success in weight management? Forget dieting and eat regularly

(University of Helsinki) Early adulthood is particularly critical for putting on weight. According to a recent study conducted at the University of Helsinki, common factors among young women and men who succeeded in managing their weight in the long term included eating regularly rather than dieting.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FXVC2y

Helping older adults discontinue using sedatives

(American Geriatrics Society) n a new study, published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, researchers looked at a way to help older adults taper off and stop using sedatives. This was based on an earlier study that suggested giving older adults an educational brochure outlining the problems that sedatives pose and instructions for safely taking themselves off the medication.

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Mysterious head of a pharaoh discovered by Swansea Egyptologist

(Swansea University) Swansea University Egyptology lecturer Dr Ken Griffin has found a depiction of one of the most famous pharaoh's in history Hatshepsut (one of only a handful of female pharaohs) on an object in the Egypt Centre stores, which had been chosen for an object handling session.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2IMoxnH

Mysterious head of a pharaoh discovered by Swansea Egyptologist

(Swansea University) Swansea University Egyptology lecturer Dr Ken Griffin has found a depiction of one of the most famous pharaoh's in history Hatshepsut (one of only a handful of female pharaohs) on an object in the Egypt Centre stores, which had been chosen for an object handling session.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2IMoxnH

Germany was covered by glaciers 450,000 years ago

(Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology) Researchers of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, have obtained new chronological data for the timing of the Elsterian and Saalian glacial cycles in central Germany. They found that the first Quaternary glaciation, which covered huge parts of Europe in ice, occurred as early as 450,000 years ago and not - as previously thought - around 350,000 years ago. The researcher further showed that once these glaciers had retreated, the first people appeared in central Germany around 400,000 years ago.

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Non-psychoactive cannabis ingredient could help addicts stay clean

(Springer) A preclinical study in rats has shown that there might be value in using a non-psychoactive and non-addictive ingredient of the Cannabis sativa plant to reduce the risk of relapse among recovering drug and alcohol addicts. The study's findings inform the ongoing debate about the possible medical benefits of non-psychoactive cannabinoids. So says Friedbert Weiss, leader of an investigative team at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California, in Neuropsychopharmacology published by Springer Nature.

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Exposed: The path of ransomware payments

(NYU Tandon School of Engineering) The murky ecosystem of ransomware payments comes into focus in a forthcoming paper by university and industry researchers. It provides the first detailed account of the ransomware payment ecosystem, from initial attack to cash-out. Ransomware attacks, which encrypt and hold a computer user's files hostage in exchange for payment, extort millions of dollars from individuals each month, and comprise one of the fastest-growing forms of cyber attack.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2G88TkM

IPBES: Biodiversity and nature's contributions continue dangerous decline, scientists warn

(Terry Collins Assoc) After three years of work by more than 550 leading experts from over 100 countries, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) today published assessments of biodiversity and ecosystem services worldwide (except the poles and open oceans), divided into four major regions. IPBES, with 129 State Members, says biodiversity continues to decline in every region of the world, endangering economies, livelihoods, food security and the quality of life of people everywhere.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2IMsVDw

Analyzing past failures may boost future performance by reducing stress

(Frontiers) A new study suggests for the first time that reflection of past failures might prepare an individual for the next challenge by changing the body's response to stress. The US research team found that writing about a past failure led to lower levels of the 'stress' hormone, cortisol, better choices and better outcomes on a new stressful task. This technique may help improve performance in a variety of settings.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2DP6Sbm

Care home admissions risk breaching human rights of older people

(University of East Anglia) Thousands of older people in low and middle-income countries are at risk of abuse and human rights violations when being admitted to care homes, according to new research led by the University of East Anglia (UEA).The study provides the first systematic analysis of admissions practices for residential long-term care facilities, assessing the extent to which older people are involved in admission decisions and whether current practices respect fundamental human rights.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HXljwJ

Study finds direct evidence of exposure of pregnant women to herbicide ingredient

(Indiana University) The first birth cohort study of its kind has found more than 90 percent of a group of pregnant women in Central Indiana had detectable levels of glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup, the most heavily used herbicide worldwide.

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AI tool promotes positive peer groups to tackle substance abuse

(University of Southern California) When it comes to fighting substance abuse, research suggests the company you keep can make the difference between recovery and relapse. Researchers from the USC Center for Artificial Intelligence in Society have created an algorithm that sorts intervention program participants -- who are voluntarily working on recovery -- into smaller groups, or subgroups, in a way that maintains helpful social connections and breaks social connections that could be detrimental to recovery.

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Battle rhythm: Navy looking at sleep, decision-making links

(Office of Naval Research) In the military, operational tempo is fast paced and the mission takes top priority -- day or night. Such dedication, however, can cause sleep to become a lower priority and fatigue a dangerous reality.

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PSU study: Kids from wealthier families feel more control over lives

(Portland State University) Sociology professor Dara Shifrer examined which measures of socioeconomic status -- parents' education, family income, race and parents' occupation -- have the greatest influence over a child's locus of control and why

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GekYZ1

Wealth inequality: Closing the gap by taxing land and bequests

(Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK)) To reduce wealth inequality without diminishing the economic performance of a country, a policy package of bequest taxes and land value taxes could be the optimal solution. Such a policy package would, in fact, have a strong advantage over corporate taxation, a new study published in the journal International Tax and Public Finance finds. It is the first analysis to include the so far neglected factor of land for tackling wealth inequality.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ueTEVU

Why hospital staff sympathize with patients who self-discharge

(Lancaster University) Patients who discharge themselves from hospital should be viewed more positively say researchers, who discovered sympathy for their decision among hospital staff.Approximately 2 percent to 3 percent of patients discharge themselves from hospital against medical advice each year in the UK and US, with the numbers increasing each year.Many people who self discharge return to hospital, with readmissions costing £300 million in the UK and $2.6 billion in the US.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GQYrPX

Sagging confidence can lead to more self-interested behaviour -- or less.

(University of Toronto, Rotman School of Management) New research says that experiencing low confidence in one area can lead to attempts to boost our status in another, even if it means engaging in fraud. If we seek better financial status, we may behave more selfishly, or cheat. We may go in the opposite direction though, choosing altruism as the best way to restore our confidence.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HWn11n

High GPA could work against young women job hunters

(Ohio State University) Stellar grades in college could hurt -- rather than help -- women new to the job market, according to a new study that suggests employers place more value on the perceived 'likability' of female applicants than on their academic success.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2DMUPLQ

National Academy of Medicine launches comprehensive online resource hubs on clinician burnout

(National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine) The National Academy of Medicine (NAM) today launched the Clinician Well-Being Knowledge Hub, a comprehensive online repository for health system leaders, clinicians, and trainees that contains resources highlighting promising approaches for combating clinician burnout, such as research and news articles, toolkits, peer-reviewed literature, and reports.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2DLINCv

How reciprocity can magnify inequality

(Association for Psychological Science) People tend to reciprocate others' actions in ways that increase disparities in wealth, according to findings published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. In a series of studies, researchers find that people may see kindness through wealth-tinted glasses, repaying the most to those who need it the least.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pvsK7q

Discovery offers hope for improving physical performance as we age

(University of New South Wales) Leading researchers from UNSW and Harvard have identified that replacing two naturally molecules in mice can reverse the aging process of blood vessels, boosting their exercise capacity and physical endurance.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FVsEjF

Being hungry shuts off perception of chronic pain

(University of Pennsylvania) Finding food is a necessary survival skill, but so is avoiding pain. Research using mice at the University of Pennsylvania showed that being hungry activates a neural pathway that inhibits the perception of and response to chronic pain. The findings offer up new targets for treating pain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2DMDYsr

Sulfur amino acid restriction diet triggers new blood vessel formation in mice

(Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health) Putting mice on a diet containing low amounts of the essential amino acid methionine triggered the formation of new blood vessels in skeletal muscle, according to a new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. The finding adds insight to previous research showing that a methionine-restricted diet extends lifespan and healthspan, suggesting that improved vascular function may contribute to these benefits.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pwPHXW

Study suggests method to boost growth of blood vessels and muscle

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) MIT researchers have reversed age-related endurance loss in mice by treating them with a compound that promotes new blood vessel growth. Their study, led by senior author Leonard Guarente, found the compound, which reactivates longevity-linked sirutin proteins, promotes blood vessel and muscle growth, boosting endurance of elderly mice by up to 80 percent.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ueEBeS

From signal propagation to consciousness: New findings point to a potential connection

(New York University) Researchers have discovered a novel mechanism through which information can be effectively transmitted across many areas in the brain -- a finding that offers a potentially new way of understanding how consciousness arises.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ptt072

Scientists pinpoint cause of vascular aging in mice

(Harvard Medical School) Scientists identify mechanism behind vascular aging, muscle demise in mice. Treatment with chemical compounds reversed vascular aging, stimulated blood vessel growth and blood flow, boosted exercise capacity in aging animals.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ueEu2W

DFG to establish 14 new priority programs

(Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) Topics range from the digital image and the Iranian highlands to medical imaging / approximately €80 million for three years.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2px8Hpj

Stopping exercise can increase symptoms of depression

(University of Adelaide) Stopping exercise can result in increased depressive symptoms, according to new mental health research from the University of Adelaide.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2DNfejE

Health check can spot psychologically vulnerable persons

(Aarhus University) If mental health was made part of a health check, then it would be possible to detect vulnerable people who have not received assistance from doctors or psychologists for their psychological problems. This is shown by a new study from Aarhus University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pybWfd

Children with physical disabilities are at higher risk of poor mental health

(Lund University) A new study from Lund University in Sweden shows that even children with limited physical disabilities are at risk of developing mental issues later in life. Girls and adolescents from socio-economically vulnerable families are at greatest risk. The study was published in the reputable journal PLOS ONE.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2DMBwSE

Trouble hearing? It could increase your risk of an injury

(Brigham and Women's Hospital) A new report finds people with 'a lot of trouble hearing' are twice as likely to suffer from accidental injuries.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GbTl2Z

Skilled female potters travelled around the Baltic nearly 5000 years ago

(University of Helsinki) During the Corded Ware Culture period, Finland, Estonia and Sweden received skilful female artisans, who had learned to create fashionable and innovative pottery in the eastern region of the Gulf of Finland. The Baltic Sea countries also had a close network for trade in pottery.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2IHEDiE

DFG to fund two new research units and one new humanities centre for advanced studies

(Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) Topics range from protective mechanisms in cells to microsimulation models. Approximately €10 million has been awarded for the first funding period.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2DMF9Ip

Keystone Symposia and Volkswagen Foundation begin scientific conference series in Hannover, Germany

(Keystone Symposia on Molecular & Cellular Biology) Keystone Symposia partners with Volkswagen Foundation to launch scientific conference series in Hannover, Germany.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pxeMRH

Keystone Symposia and Volkswagen Foundation begin scientific conference series in Hannover, Germany

(Keystone Symposia on Molecular & Cellular Biology) This conference explores factors that contribute to the aging process and that may in turn be therapeutic targets for extending lifespan and longevity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2IHf1T7

New study highlights unique state of 'restful alertness' during transcendental meditation

(Maharishi University of Management) A new study using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) suggests that transcendental meditation is associated with a unique state of 'restful alertness.' The study, which monitored blood flow, found that, compared to eyes-closed rest, during transcendental meditation there was increased activity in the prefrontal cortex, indicating the sort of alertness also seen in other meditations. However, unlike other meditations, there was decreased activity in the cerebellum and pons, indicating deep rest.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2uar87U

Antioxidants and amino acids could play role in the treatment of psychosis

(NICM, Western Sydney University) Nutrients found in food may help reduce the symptoms of psychotic illness, when used in the early stages of treatment. The systematic review, examined if nutrient supplementation could provide effective 'add on' treatment for young people with psychosis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pt4ini

Antioxidants and amino acids could play role in the treatment of psychosis

(University of Manchester) A scientific paper has revealed that some nutrients found in food may help reduce the symptoms of psychotic illness, when used in the early stages of treatment.The systematic review, led by Dr Firth, honorary Research Fellow at The University of Manchester and Research Fellow at NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University an examined if nutrient supplementation could provide effective 'add on' treatment for young people with psychosis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GQxmwl

Whether sustained or sporadic, exercise offers same reductions in death risk

(Duke University Medical Center) Despite confusing messages, new data shows all moderate or vigorous activity -- even when done in short bursts throughout the day -- can reduce Americans' risk of disease and death, according to research appearing in the Journal of the American Heart Association.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2DMnb8K

Model created to help life insurers calculate breast cancer survivors' risk of death

(ECCO-the European CanCer Organisation) As early detection and treatment of breast cancer improves, more and more women are surviving the disease. However, they still face challenges, which include determining the moment when it might be reasonable to state they are 'cured' of the disease, and obtaining life insurance. At the European Breast Cancer Conference Dutch researchers describe how they have created a model to help life insurers calculate breast cancer survivors' risk of death more accurately

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HVGiQb

AADR awards the 2018 AADR Jack Hein Public Service Award to Teresa Dolan

(International & American Associations for Dental Research) The American Association for Dental Research (AADR) has announced Teresa Dolan as the 2018 recipient of the AADR Jack Hein Public Service Award. She was recognized at the Opening Ceremonies of the 47th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR), held in conjunction with the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association for Dental Research (CADR). The AADR/CADR Annual Meeting is in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., USA from March 21-24, 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GdKdLa

How often do medical problems lead to bankruptcy?

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) A new MIT-led study has determined how often medical costs lead to personal bankruptcy.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GRu782

Online tech is changing the dynamics of gift-giving

(Cornell University) Online gift-giving is spreading in social networks and causing people to give more gifts -- online and in person -- according to a new study led by René Kizilcec, Cornell University assistant professor of information science. About half of these gifts were unlikely to have occurred offline or via another online channel.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2G0pyXz

Does menopausal hormone therapy maintain the brain?

(American Academy of Neurology) Taking menopausal hormone therapy soon after menopause to relieve symptoms may also benefit the brain, according to a study published in the March 21, 2018, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pvnD6p

Brief cardiac arrest? Tend to the heart, but don't neglect the brain

(Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care) Patients who survive a brief cardiac arrest and who appear neurologically intact should nonetheless receive a detailed neuropsychological assessment before being discharged, suggests a joint study by researchers at Baycrest's Rotman Research Institute (RRI) and Israel's Rambam Medical Center.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2G8onZD

A new angle on gerrymanders

(University of Vermont) A University of Vermont mathematician has developed a new tool to identify gerrymandered voting districts. The research shows Pennsylvania, Ohio and North Carolina strongly gerrymandered for Republicans, while Maryland's and California's voting districts have been strongly tipped in favor of Democrats. The new tool could be important in the wake of two Supreme Court cases now being considered that might outlaw certain partisan gerrymanders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2psylvc

Neuroscientists develop potential tools for the study of brain function

(University of Missouri-Columbia) A team of University of Missouri neuroscientists are inching closer to developing the tools needed to decipher the brain. Now, the team has published a new paper that demonstrates how these proteins can be used as tools to regulate the activity of individual neurons in the brain through changes in temperature. These tools will advance fundamental brain research and potentially lead to 'deep brain stimulation' treatments used for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's patients.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pxFBFd

Forgetting details, getting the gist may prompt false memories in older adults

(Penn State) Older adults often complain about forgetting, but Penn State psychologists suggest that another problem may be misremembering.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2IHxvmu

Neglect common in English care homes

(University College London) The largest-ever survey of care home staff in England, led by UCL researchers, has found that neglectful behaviors are widespread.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HT0YZr

Mumps resurgence likely due to waning vaccine-derived immunity

(Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health) A resurgence of mumps in the US among vaccinated young adults appears to be due to waning of vaccine-induced immunity, according to a Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health analysis. Researchers found vaccine-derived immune protection against mumps lasts about 27 years after the last dose. The findings suggest that, in addition to the currently recommended two doses of mumps vaccine in childhood, a third dose at age 18 may help sustain protection.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FRDo2v

Predators learn to identify prey from other species

(Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute) Predatory bats learn both from other members of their own species and from other predatory bat species.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HUa1ce

US national parks increasingly important for bird conservation in face of climate change

(PLOS) US national parks could become even more important for the conservation of bird species in the face of climate change, according to a study published March 21, 2018, in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Joanna Wu from the National Audubon Society, US, and colleagues.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FQ8lUE

Briefing notes: New papers to be released on burden of low back pain

(University of Warwick) A new series of papers to be published in The Lancet highlights the extent to which low back pain is mistreated, often against best practice treatment guidelines.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pzCpKn

New interactive map shows climate change everywhere in world

(University of Cincinnati) University of Cincinnati geography professor Tomasz Stepinski created a new interactive map that allows students or researchers to compare the climates of places anywhere in the world. The map draws on five decades of public meteorological data recorded from 50,000 international weather stations around the Earth. And it uses prediction models to display which parts of the globe will experience the most or least climate change in the next 50 years.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GPZShL

NIH-supported international team confirms new genetic mutation link to ALS

(NIH/National Institute on Aging) Kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A), a gene previously linked to two rare neurodegenerative disorders, has been definitively connected to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by an NIH-supported international team from several of the world's top ALS research labs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GPUL0Z

A crowdfunded MouseAge launches crowdsourced research in deep learned biomarkers of aging

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) An international team of longevity and deep learning experts working on the non-profit MouseAge.org project announce the launch of the MouseAge mobile application on the iOS platform to enable a community of researchers to contribute to the data collection and research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pw1q89

Racial disparities in HIV control persist despite equal access to care

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) Researchers report that racial disparities in HIV control (viral load) exist even when patients have equal access to care, as shown in a study of black and white HIV-infected patients treated in the Veterans Administration (VA) health system.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2prYt9w

Researchers link dietary supplement DHA to higher fat-free body mass in children

(University of Kansas) University of Kansas researchers have reported that pregnant women who consumed a supplement of DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), a nutrient added to U.S. infant formulas since 2002, tend to have children with higher fat-free body mass at 5 years old.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2psZRrG

Chronic opioids linked to increased complications after spinal fusion surgery

(Wolters Kluwer Health) Patients who have been taking opioid pain relievers for several months before spinal fusion surgery are at increased risk of complications after their surgery, reports a study in the journal Spine, published by Wolters Kluwer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2IGjAgv

Long forgotten, 1970s gay health clinics served as front line for AIDS crisis

(University of Kansas) A new book by a University of Kansas researcher of the history of sexuality and US social movements documents a how well-developed network of gay health clinics already existed in some US cities when the AIDS epidemic struck.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pv852C

Pregnancy and motherhood during surgical training: Results of a nationwide survey

(Brigham and Women's Hospital) Research reveals significant cultural challenges and infrastructure shortcomings that led respondents to seriously consider leaving residency and report they would advise against pursuing a career in surgery.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FZST4D

Konstanz researcher receives research fellowship in the field of acoustics

(University of Konstanz) The Acoustical Society of America has selected Dr Yuning Guo of the University of Konstanz as its 2018-2019 Frederick V. Hunt Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Acoustics. Her successful research proposal entitled "Terahertz coherent phonons in thermal conduction modulation" will help advance research in the field of physical acoustics by providing useful insights into how to manipulate heat in non-metallic materials.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pu8hyR

Medicating for mental health

(University of Guelph) University of Guelph researchers found evidence that a single bout of exhaustive exercise protects against acute olanzapine-induced hyperglycemia.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GPEBVr

New technologies and computing power to help strengthen population data

(University of Southampton) Research led by the University of Southampton is helping governments in low-income countries strengthen their capacity to build and use population maps, to plan for the future and respond to emergencies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GOKgLe

Flood protection is everyone's responsibility

(Vienna University of Technology) Scientists in Vienna have studied the complex interplay between flooding events and economic decisions. Private businesses should not shoulder the responsibility for flood protection alone. In prosperous countries in particular, it makes sense for central government to establish the necessary infrastructure for flood protection.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GPDJjy

Cardiovascular health disparities between whites and minorities narrow, study shows

(University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences) The nation's overall cardiovascular health worsened from 1988 to 2014, with disparities among racial and ethnic groups dropping slightly. But the reduction in disparities was due to worsening health among whites -- not improvements among African-Americans and Mexican-Americans.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ufCWWD

Sex workers need workplace regulations to improve safety: Study

(University of British Columbia) Canada's sex workers, many of whom work indoors, are enterprising and vigilant when it comes to protecting themselves against exploitation, assault or robbery. They set a relaxing atmosphere, insist on a no-drugs rule, keep self-defence tools at the ready and maintain good relationships with landlords in order to avoid eviction.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2psGdwy

New Jersey Health Foundation funds stroke study by Kessler Foundation & Stevens Institute

(Kessler Foundation) Karen Nolan, PhD, senior research scientist at Kessler Foundation, will collaborate with Stevens Institute of Technology on a grant from New Jersey Health Foundation. With this $35,000 grant, investigators will develop and test the SAFE (Stevens Ankle-Foot Electromechanical) Orthosis, an adaptive oscillator-based assistive device with sensory stimulation to facilitate recovery of gait symmetry in stroke survivors.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HOqUoI

New linguistic analysis finds Dravidian language family is approximately 4,500 years old

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) The origin of the Dravidian language family, consisting of about 80 varieties spoken by 220 million people across South Asia, can be dated to about 4,500 years ago, based on new linguistic analyses. An international team used data collected first-hand from native speakers and analyzed these using cutting-edge computational methods. The findings, published in Royal Society Open Science, shed light on the prehistory of these languages and their speakers.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2ptJLy6

Insilico Medicine to launch R&D center and announce new research results in Taiwan ROC

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Insilico Medicine announces the launch of Insilico Taiwan, a subsidiary focusing on the development and validation of generative adversarial networks(GANs) and reinforcement learning for medicinal chemistry applications.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2DHyJu3

Praise may motivate young adults with autism to exercise more

(Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute) Simple statements of praise may have a big effect on the amount of exercise young adults with autism complete, according to preliminary research from the UNC Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute (FPG). Technology may play a key role in delivering that praise.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2DFLXHO

Medicine that slows balding may turn stiff vessels supple, helping vital organs

(Children's National Health System) A medicine that slows balding and stimulates hair growth also may make stiff vessels more stretchy and improve blood flow to vital organs like the brain, according to an experimental model study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HPTTbO

European Lung Cancer Congress 2018

(International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer) Geneva, Switzerland - Around 2,300 participants from across the world will meet in Geneva at the eighth European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC 2018, 11-14 April 2018) to learn about and discuss the latest research in the field of lung cancer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2poehu4

Innovation for 'young & young at heart' finds home at Disney & in geriatrics for #AGS18

(American Geriatrics Society) A cadre of the field's preeminent physicians, nurses, pharmacists, physician assistants, social workers, long-term and managed care providers, healthcare administrators, trainees, journalists, and advocates will converge on the 'most magical place on Earth' May 3-5, 2018, to experience an educational program every bit as imaginative as it is informative, thanks to more than 100 events and research updates. Browse #AGS18 highlights below, and be sure to visit Meeting.AmericanGeriatrics.org for registration, the full program schedule, and everything else #AGS18.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GdLH82

Vitamin D might be key to syndrome affecting half of women aged 50 or plus

(Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) Research with postmenopausal women, found a 57.8 percent rate of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among women presenting vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. MetS affects half of United States' female population above the age of 50 and increases the risks of heart diseases and diabetes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2prvPFF

Amygdala neurons increase as children become adults -- except in autism

(University of California - Davis Health System) Researchers at the UC Davis MIND Institute found that typically-developing children gain more neurons in a region of the brain that governs social and emotional behavior, the amygdala, as they become adults. This phenomenon does not happen in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Instead, children with ASD have too many neurons early on and then appear to lose those neurons as they become adults. The findings were published today in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GLnFzh

International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) 2018 Annual Meeting: May 9-12 in Rotterdam

(Rubenstein Associates, Inc.) Nearly 2,000 researchers, delegates, clinicians, students, parents, and advocates from over 30 countries will join in Rotterdam for the world's largest gathering of scientists and specialists as they exchange and disseminate the latest scientific discoveries and stimulate progress into the nature, causes, and treatments for autism spectrum disorder.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FPDaJ4

Mainz University Library joins Open Library of Humanities platform

(Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet Mainz) The Open Library of Humanities (OLH) is an academic-led, gold open-access publisher with no author-facing charges. The University Library of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz now joins the Open Library of Humanities platform.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FZrb81

Child sex abuse much greater than believed with more women committing offenses

(University of Huddersfield) Researchers at the University of Huddersfield undertook the research on behalf of Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse (IICSA).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2u2u86d

Decision-making is shaped by individual differences in the functional brain connectome

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Each day brings with it a host of decisions to be made, and each person approaches those decisions differently. A new study by University of Illinois researchers found that these individual differences are associated with variation in specific brain networks -- particularly those related to executive, social and perceptual processes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2G90tNi

Can acupuncture help alleviate menopausal symptoms?

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) An umbrella review from Duke Clinical Research Institute that was a comprehensive assessment of previous systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials has found that women who received acupuncture had less frequent and less severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause than women who did not have acupuncture.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FO4cRe

We start caring about our reputations as early as kindergarten

(Cell Press) Kindergarteners don't use social media, but they do care about their public image. By the time kids go to elementary school, they're thinking critically about their reputation. In a Review published on March 20 in the journal Trends in Cognitive Sciences, psychologists consider how our fascination with social status begins around age five, when kids begin to consider how they are viewed by others and behave in ways that cultivate positive reputations.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2psag73

How GDP affects success in eSports

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Per capita GDP can make a difference in a country's performance in competitive computer gaming, according to a study conducted by researchers at the Higher School of Economics (HSE University, Perm).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FVC3Ug

Study: Living abroad leads to a clearer sense of self

(Rice University) Living abroad can clarify your sense of self, according to new research by a team of social scientists at Rice University, Columbia University and the University of North Carolina. They found living abroad increases 'self-concept clarity,' the extent to which individuals' beliefs about themselves are clearly and confidently defined and consistent and stable over time.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GaNZFi

Achieving healthy, climate-friendly, affordable diets in India

(International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis) New research led by IIASA researcher Narasimha Rao has shown how it might be possible to reduce micronutrient deficiencies in India in an affordable way whilst also reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HNAmsx

Metformin lowers risk of late miscarriage, preterm birth in pregnant women with PCOS

(The Endocrine Society) The oral diabetes medication metformin seems to reduce the chance of a late miscarriage and premature birth among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) but does not affect their rate of developing gestational diabetes, a multicenter study finds. The results were presented Tuesday at ENDO 2018, the Endocrine Society's 100th annual meeting in Chicago, Ill.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FY6nxF

In some elderly patients, levothyroxine may be linked with increased mortality

(The Endocrine Society) Treating some elderly people with levothyroxine may put them at increased risk of death, new research from Israel reports. The results will be presented on Tuesday, March 20, at ENDO 2018, the 100th annual meeting of the Endocrine Society in Chicago, Ill.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2IEctFc

Providing free supplies to low-income families improves type 1 diabetes

(The Endocrine Society) Providing free supplies of insulin and blood glucose test trips to families with type 1 diabetes in low- and lower-middle income families can result in improved blood-sugar control and diabetes-related knowledge, a new study of families in India suggests. The research results will be presented Tuesday, March 20, at ENDO 2018, the 100th annual meeting of the Endocrine Society in Chicago, Ill.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2poI0SG

Parenting and personality work together to affect baby's weight gain

(Penn State) The more mothers use food to soothe their babies, the more weight certain babies gained, according to researchers. The effect was only seen in babies with a surgent temperament -- characterized by being more outgoing, active and drawn to new things and people, putting these children at a risk for obesity later on.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FX6CZL

UTSA researcher maps San Antonio's music scene

(University of Texas at San Antonio) The University of Texas at San Antonio's music marketing coordinator and his undergraduate students are using geographic information system (GIS) technology to map the scale and scope of the live music scene in San Antonio. Stan Renard, in the UTSA Department of Music, has developed an app to capture, store, analyze, manage and present music-centric geographic data for San Antonio.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GaN6MG

Study IDs important role for specific gene in 16p11.2 deletion autism

(Picower Institute at MIT) New findings in mice suggest that the lack of a copy of the gene MVP may contribute to the symptoms of 16p11.2 deletion syndrome because it is needed for brain circuits to incorporate changes driven by experience.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FYHv8S

Why it doesn't pay to be just nice -- you also need to be intelligent

(University of Bristol) New research has revealed how people's intelligence, rather than their personality traits, leads to success.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GQ75hT

Pro-environmental programs should take the factors that motivate each gender into consideration

(University of the Basque Country ) A piece of research carried out by lecturers at the UPV/EHU's Faculty of Economics and Business has explored, from the gender perspective, the pro-environmental behavior of university students on the UPV/EHU's Bizkaia campus. The results suggest that the set of variables affecting pro-environmental behavior differs according to gender, but that the degree of intensity that each factor exerts on this behavior also differs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2pw9uXB

Why do some people 'hear' silent flashes?

(City University London) Up to one in five people may show signs of a synesthesia-like phenomenon in which they 'hear' silent flashes or movement, according to a new study from City, University of London.

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Dogs with noise sensitivity should be routinely assessed for pain by vets

(University of Lincoln) Dogs which show fear or anxiety when faced with loud or sudden noises should be routinely assessed for pain by veterinarians, according to new research from the UK and Brazil. Researchers believe that pain, which could be undiagnosed, could be exacerbated when a noise makes the dogs tense up or 'start', putting extra stress on muscles or joints which are already inflamed leading to an associated with a loud or startling noise.

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New publication helps us understand how narratives expand our sense of the possible

(University of Turku) Cultural models of sense-making shape our views about who we are and who we could be -- what is possible for us as individuals and as communities. Hanna Meretoja's new book, The Ethics of Storytelling, provides us with tools for analyzing cultural narrative models and understanding the power of literary narratives to expand our sense of the possible.

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Pressing a button is more challenging than appears

(Aalto University) Pressing a button appears easy, but the brain needs a probabilistic internal model to control a press. A new theory exposes significant improvements to button design that help gamers and musicians.

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Good motor skills may enhance reading skills in obese children

(University of Eastern Finland) Excess body weight has been linked to poor academic performance in children in several previous studies. A new Finnish study now shows that a high body fat percentage is associated with poor reading skills in 6- to 8-year-old boys. However, these associations are largely explained by poor motor skills.

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