Opioid crisis affects children and teens too -- Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics outlines strategies to reduce opioid prescribing

(Wolters Kluwer Health) Children and adolescents undergoing surgery can be swept up in the ongoing opioid epidemic, according to a review and update in the Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, official journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (POSNA). The journal is published by Wolters Kluwer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HS6MTP

Morris animal foundation awards $1 million for new studies benefiting canine health

(Morris Animal Foundation) For the good of dogs everywhere, Morris Animal Foundation announced it awarded nearly $1 million in grants for 11 canine research projects. The studies will help veterinary scientists improve the health and well-being of dogs suffering from deadly and debilitating diseases, including cancer, spinal cord disease and gastrointestinal disorders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F0xJTb

Study first to demonstrate brain mechanisms that give The Iceman unusual resistance to cold

(Wayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research) Dutch adventurer Wim Hof is known as 'The Iceman' for good reason. Hof established several world records for prolonged resistance to cold exposure, an ability he attributes to a self-developed set of techniques of breathing and meditation -- known as the Wim Hof Method. Yet, how his brain responds during cold exposure and what brain mechanisms may endow him with this resistance have not been studied -- until now by researchers at Wayne State University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HVhOro

The Association for Gerontology in Higher Education honors new officers, fellows, awardees

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Association for Gerontology in Higher Education (AGHE) -- the educational branch of The Gerontological Society of America -- is proud to announce its newest elected officers, fellows, and awardees. The installation of the officers and presentation of the awards will occur at AGHE's 44th Annual Meeting and Educational Leadership Conference, taking place from March 1 to 4, 2018, at the Sheraton Atlanta Hotel in Atlanta, Georgia.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GNNMEz

Moms who co-sleep beyond six months may feel more depressed, judged

(Penn State) Moms who continue to co-sleep -- by sharing either a room or bed -- with their infants past six months were more likely to feel depressed, worried about their babies' sleep and think their decisions were being criticized, according to Penn State researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2t7oPCa

The Optical Society presents the 2018 Michael S. Feld Biophotonics Award

(The Optical Society) The Optical Society (OSA) is pleased to name Lihong Wang, California Institute of Technology, USA, the 2018 Michael S. Feld Biophotonics Award recipient. Wang is recognized for inventing the world's fastest two-dimensional receive-only camera and enabling real-time imaging of the fastest phenomena such as light propagation and fluorescence decay.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F9GVbk

University of Guelph researchers create tool to manage urban cat population crisis

(University of Guelph) Guelph researchers have developed a unique model that accurately calculates urban cat populations. It's the first to account for overall cat population dynamics and include calculations for the three subpopulations -- owned cats, stray cats, and cats in the shelter system.There are about 10 million to 120 million free-roaming and feral cats in North America. This model will give cities the accurate numbers needed to effectively manage the current cat population crisis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F1eVTU

New data helps explain recent fluctuations in Earth's magnetic field

(University of Rochester) Using new data gathered from sites in southern Africa, researchers have extended their record of Earth's magnetic field back thousands of years to the first millennium. The new data also provides more evidence that the region may play a unique role in magnetic pole reversals.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2ozRxGX

Study offers blueprint for community-based public history research

(North Carolina State University) A new paper on fieldwork in rural Belize serves as a case study for how an established anthropology fieldwork model can be used to both develop site-specific cultural and historical exhibits and train a new generation of public history scholars. The paper also highlights the importance of diversity to research teams when engaging in research - especially community-based scholarship.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2t7DsoY

Study offers blueprint for community-based public history research

(North Carolina State University) A new paper on fieldwork in rural Belize serves as a case study for how an established anthropology fieldwork model can be used to both develop site-specific cultural and historical exhibits and train a new generation of public history scholars. The paper also highlights the importance of diversity to research teams when engaging in research - especially community-based scholarship.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2t7DsoY

Number of people killed by animals each year in the US remains unchanged

(Elsevier) A new study released in the latest issue of Wilderness & Environmental Medicine shows that animal encounters remain a considerable cause of human harm and death. Researchers analyzed fatalities in the United States from venomous and nonvenomous animals from 2008-2015. They found that while many deaths from animal encounters are potentially avoidable, mortality rates did not decrease from 2008-2015. The animals most commonly responsible for human fatalities are farm animals, insects (hornets, wasps, and bees), and dogs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2owsNzf

Lithium treatment for bipolar disorder linked to lowest risk of rehospitalisation

(Karolinska Institutet) Individuals with bipolar disorder have the lowest risk of rehospitalisation if treated with lithium, according to a study from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden published in JAMA Psychiatry. Long-acting injections of antipsychotics were also effective, reducing the risk of rehospitalisation by 30 per cent compared with their oral counterparts.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2t282Ap

Precision maps reveal significant health and education disparities within African nations

(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) A new scientific study finds that while nearly all nations in Africa have at least one region where children's health is improving, not a single country is expected to end childhood malnutrition by 2030, an objective of the relevant United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F052Wt

New MS healthcare associate certification exam offered at CMSC Annual Meeting

(Consortium of MS Centers) The Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers (CMSC) is pleased to announce a new certification for Healthcare Associates that includes medical assistants, nursing assistants and physical/occupational therapy assistants who are trained and educated to practice, but not licensed, and have worked in MS for at least one year. The first MSHA Certification Examination will take place during the 2018 CMSC Annual Meeting, May 30 -June 2, at the Music City Center in Nashville, TN.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FDuu5d

For girls who mature early, psychological problems last into adulthood

(Cornell University) Tracking nearly 8,000 girls from adolescence through their late 20s - far longer than other studies have - a Cornell University researcher says girls who get their periods earlier than peers are likely to experience depression and antisocial behavior well into adulthood. The study, "Age at Menarche, Depression and Antisocial Behavior in Adulthood," was published Dec. 26, 2017, in Pediatrics.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GQK653

Growing economies help the detergent industry clean up

(American Chemical Society) Economies around the world are growing, and with that comes more money in consumers' pockets to buy fancier, upgraded versions of the products they already buy. An article in Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN), the weekly newsmagazine of the American Chemical Society, reports that the detergent industry is one sector that's innovating to keep up with the evolving marketplace.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FDXWYZ

Research directions for 5G and beyond testbeds

(IMDEA Networks Institute) With current wireless data networks in the 'fourth generation' or 4G, key players in the ICT sector are already paving the way for 5G wireless data networks and beyond technologies. At Mobile World Congress (MWC) in Barcelona this week we are witnessing examples of how current investment into this next generation networks has spread across research initiatives worldwide.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F2FX16

Picasso's plans to build the world's tallest concrete sculpture uncovered in Florida

(University of South Florida (USF Health)) Pablo Picasso's plans to build a 100-foot sculpture for the University of South Florida in Tampa are uncovered along with a recorded interview with famed collaborator Carl Nesjar and architectural drawings by world famous architect Paul Rudolph.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GQBoDz

Scientists pinpoint single letter of genetic code that makes African Salmonella so dangerous

(University of Birmingham) Scientists have identified a single genetic change in Salmonella that is playing a key role in the devastating epidemic of bloodstream infections.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CPiR8k

Negative childhood experiences can lead people to believe in conspiracy theories

(University of Kent) Belief in conspiracy theories stems -- in part -- from negative early childhood experiences with caregivers, new research has shown.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EZLCRH

Water in the chest -- New findings on pleural effusion

(Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health) Lung cancer patients are particularly susceptible to malignant pleural effusion, when fluid collects in the space between the lungs and the chest wall. Researchers at the Helmholtz Zentrum München, in partnership with the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), have discovered a novel mechanism that causes this to happen. Their study, published in 'Nature Communications', now refines the mechanistic picture.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2owzGAy

The factors that most affect our immune system

(Institut Pasteur) Why do we respond differently to infections or vaccines? The Milieu Intérieur Laboratory of Excellence coordinated at the Institut Pasteur by CNRS research director, Dr. Lluis Quintana-Murci, has recently described immune variation on a large scale within the French population. To achieve this, the consortium studied an expansive collection of biological specimens from 1,000 French volunteers aged 20 to 69. This article provides an account of their work.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FbfSwg

Anxiety as a protective factor after a heart attack

(Technical University of Munich (TUM)) Fear protects people from danger. A team from the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München has discovered that this applies even to pathological anxiety disorders. Patients who generally suffer from severe anxiety are likely to heed the symptoms of a heart attack earlier and seek medical treatment sooner, thus improving their chance of survival.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CMBYA0

Why the institution of fatherhood is taking so long to change

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Men in blue-collar occupations tend to spend limited time with their children, leaving childrearing almost entirely to the child's mother, according to researchers at the Higher School of Economics (HSE University).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2COGygW

'Obesity paradox' debunked

(Northwestern University) A new study debunks the 'obesity paradox,' a counterintuitive finding that showed people who have been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease live longer if they are overweight or obese compared with people who are normal weight at the time of diagnosis. Obese people live shorter lives and have a greater proportion of life with cardiovascular disease, the study reports.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2otLrrF

Genital surgery increases among transgender patients seeking gender-affirming surgeries

(JAMA Network) Genital surgery increased among transgender patients seeking gender-affirming surgeries and most patients paid out of pocket for the procedures.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Cr6BPA

Records study suggests gender affirming surgeries on the rise along with insurance coverage

(Johns Hopkins Medicine) In a national medical records analysis, researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine say there is evidence that the number of gender affirming surgeries performed in hospitals for transgender individuals is on the rise, along with increased access made possible by Medicare, Medicaid or private insurance coverage for the procedures.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GRX1nb

Scientific cooperation in consumer health protection in Africa and Europe

(BfR Federal Institute for Risk Assessment) With the participation of German research institutions and authorities, a workshop to improve human and animal health protection is to take place in Kenya from 27 February to 1 March 2018. The workshop is being organised by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) in the Kenyan capital of Nairobi. Ten scientists from the Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Freie Universität (FU) Berlin and Friedrich Löffler Institute (FLI) will be participating on behalf of Germany.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CNfpLp

Researchers: Participants' freedom made Restaurant Day world's largest food carnival

(Aalto University) The world's largest food carnival, Restaurant Day, spread to more than 70 countries because it operated in a completely different way than popular consumer movements in general. Usually, the leaders of a movement determine what the movement does and then try to inspire others to join their vision. Restaurant Day, however, gave everyone an opportunity to be as creative as they wanted, say researchers from Aalto University, Finland.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F8cRwR

One health: Joint health research

(BfR Federal Institute for Risk Assessment) The fate of humans and animals is often linked in various ways through pathogens. Around 60% of all disease germs can infect humans and animals to the same extent. To face up to this challenge, the close cooperation of physicians, veterinarians and other health experts is being sought all over the world in "One Health" initiatives. A European One Health program started at the beginning of the year in which more than 40 partners from 19 European countries are participating.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2t5ctdu

A small pay increase can have big health benefits for lower-wage workers

(University of California - Davis Health System) Lower-wage workers who receive a $1 raise call in sick less and consider themselves healthier than those who do not, new UC Davis research on minimum-wage policies shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ovT4Oi

Boston-based physician accepts grant intended to refine obstetric quality metrics

(Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine) Maternal-fetal medicine physician, Dr. Mark Clapp of Massachusetts General Hospital, received funding from the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine for his research program entitled, "Unanticipated Term NICU Admission Rate: A Marker of Obstetric Care Quality?"

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F2hs48

More isn't always better when it comes to health care, older Americans say

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) Doctors and older patients may disagree more often than either of them suspects about whether a particular medical test or medicine is truly necessary, according to findings from a new poll of Americans over age 50. Improving communication about that mismatch of opinions, the poll suggests, might reduce the use of unneeded scans, screenings, medications and procedures - and health care costs as well.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F6OpvR

Brain-gut communication in worms demonstrates how organs can work together to regulate lifespan

(University of Michigan) Our bodies are not just passively growing older.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FF3X7S

ACC, Saudi Arabian Cardiac Interventional Society partner on registries

(American College of Cardiology) The American College of Cardiology and the Saudi Arabian Cardiac Interventional Society have partnered to implement the National Cardiovascular Data Registry's (NCDR) CathPCI Registry in hospitals across Saudi Arabia. The CathPCI Registry assesses the characteristics, treatments and outcomes of heart disease patients who receive diagnostic catheterization as well as percutaneous coronary intervention procedures.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HRVf70

App connects mothers with lactation experts, improve breastfeeding rates

(Purdue University) A newly developed proactive app could instantly connect breastfeeding mothers with pediatricians or lactation consultants to help collect data, monitor patients and provide consultation and support while improving breastfeeding outcomes for new mothers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GO18R3

New survey of recent newspaper subscribers shows why people chose to pay

(NORC at the University of Chicago) The decision to subscribe to a local newspaper involves a mix of motives and trigger factors that can be described by nine key 'paths to subscription,' according to a report released today by the Media Insight Project, a collaboration between the American Press Institute and The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BTdqZi

Survey shows Democrats and Republicans agree on Congress

(NORC at the University of Chicago) Democrats and Republicans disapprove of Congress because members are paying attention to the wrong people and groups when casting votes, according to a recently released survey conducted by researchers from Stanford University, in collaboration with The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research, and the University of California, Santa Barbara.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EYiryw

UH receives $2.8 million to develop leaders in STEM education

(University of Houston) The University of Houston has been awarded $2.8 million from the National Science Foundation to prepare more teachers to lead the way in science, technology, engineering and math education (STEM).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FzwrQ8

Bonobo and chimpanzee gestures share multiple meanings

(University of York) Two closely related great ape species, the bonobo and chimpanzee, use gestures that share the same meaning researchers have found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F0vy2f

Fitness tracker data can enhance biomedical research and personalized health

(PLOS) In a research article publishing February 27 in the open access journal PLOS Biology, Weng Khong Lim and colleagues from the SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, and the National Heart Centre Singapore show that wearable sensors are not only able to identify groups of volunteers with similar patterns of daily activity, but can also predict various markers of risk for cardiovascular diseases such as obesity, high blood pressure and high blood sugar.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FFgYOR

Bonobo and chimpanzee gestures share many meanings

(PLOS) If a bonobo and a chimpanzee were to meet face to face, they could probably understand each other's gestures. In an article publishing 27 February in the open access journal PLOS Biology, researchers from the Universities of St Andrews, York, and Kyoto have found that many of the gestures used by bonobos and chimpanzees share the same meanings.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EZFFV0

Identifying high STI prevalence populations in sub-Saharan Africa

(PLOS) Prevalence of curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs)- chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis and trichomoniasis -- among women aged 15 to 24 exceeds that of older women and similar-aged men in sub-Saharan Africa, according to research published this week in PLOS Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FAdEnW

ASU scientists unveil a hidden secret of the immortality enzyme telomerase

(Arizona State University) Research from the laboratory of Professor Julian Chen in the School of Molecular Sciences at Arizona State University recently uncovered a crucial step in the telomerase enzyme catalytic cycle. This catalytic cycle determines the ability of the human telomerase enzyme to synthesize DNA "repeats" (specific DNA segments of six nucleotides) onto chromosome ends, and so afford immortality in cells. Understanding the underlying mechanism of telomerase action offers new avenues toward effective anti-aging therapeutics.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Coah4N

Illinois professor's groundbreaking flight control system undergoes third round of testing

(University of Illinois College of Engineering) Illinois Professor Naira Hovakimyan is poised to enter into an unprecedented third round of flight tests using her L1 adaptive control system. The goal of the pioneering L1 system is to maintain aircraft performance and maneuverability even in the presence of severe failures--ultimately increasing aircraft safety, resilience to critical failures, and ease of operation for human pilots, as well as autopilots, in extreme conditions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EW31yB

Fewer Americans think smoking a pack a day poses a great health risk

(Duke University Medical Center) About 3 out of 4 Americans agree that smoking cigarettes causes health problems, but public perception of the risks posed by smoking may be declining, according to a Duke Health study published in the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EXaCsN

Study suggests failed osteoarthritis drug could help treat opioid addiction

(Indiana University) A study from Indiana University suggests that a drug proven safe for use in people may prevent opioid tolerance and physical dependence when used with opioid-based pain medications.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F7gSkV

Scientists link genes to brain anatomy in autism

(University of Cambridge) A team of scientists at the University of Cambridge has discovered that specific genes are linked to individual differences in brain anatomy in autistic children.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CLRHzr

Shared decision-making between patients and clinicians can result in better choices

(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) As more and more older patients are offered advanced treatments for chronic diseases, including surgeries and implantable devices, new questions have arisen over how these decision are made.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CN9RjX

UTA marketing senior wins business simulation competition

(University of Texas at Arlington) Ryan Su took top honors in the 2017 Capsim Fall Challenge from five other finalists in an intense, eight-hour competition.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2oAJnxh

Obesity could be linked to early childhood behavior

(University of Waterloo) Health authorities will need to focus on more than eating habits if they are going to combat the obesity epidemic.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GPDK5A

Ancient DNA reveals genetic replacement despite language continuity in the South Pacific

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) The study, published in Nature Ecology & Evolution and led by a multidisciplinary research team at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, reveals that migrations of people from the Bismarck Archipelago in Oceania to the previously settled islands of the Pacific began as early as 2,500 years ago, much earlier than previously thought. Vanuatu presents an unprecedented case, where the population's genetic ancestry but not its languages were replaced.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Fy2bFj

Ancient DNA reveals genetic replacement despite language continuity in the South Pacific

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) The study, published in Nature Ecology & Evolution and led by a multidisciplinary research team at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, reveals that migrations of people from the Bismarck Archipelago in Oceania to the previously settled islands of the Pacific began as early as 2,500 years ago, much earlier than previously thought. Vanuatu presents an unprecedented case, where the population's genetic ancestry but not its languages were replaced.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2Fy2bFj

International Spina Bifida experts shapes future research, shares insights for practical care

(IOS Press) In order to provide a multidisciplinary forum for research in spina bifida, the Spina Bifida Association (SBA) sponsored the Third World Congress on Spina Bifida Research and Care in 2017. This special issue of the Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine (JPRM) presents significant contributions from that conference.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HPZi3m

Only 25 percent of women receive appropriate advice on pregnancy weight gain

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A new study of the role of healthcare provider recommendations on weight gain during pregnancy showed that while provider advice did influence gestational weight gain, only about one in four women received appropriate advice and another 25 percent received no advice.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GNs4Ap

Phones off: Smartphone use undermines enjoyment of face-to-face interactions at dinnertime

(Society for Personality and Social Psychology) While 'Take your elbows off the dinner table,' is a common refrain for many families, people may soon add, 'take your phone off the table' to the list, too. According to research being presented at the Society for Personality and Social Psychology Annual Convention, people with smartphones present during dinner time report less enjoyment than those who kept their phones away.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FBRySa

Experts call for specialist medical teams to deal with rapidly ageing population

(Newcastle University) At a time when family doctors are at 'saturation point' and facing a crisis in recruitment, new research has revealed that they carry the burden of healthcare of our rapidly ageing population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FBU0Ie

Lack of important content in sickness certificates

(University of Gothenburg) About half of the medical certificates for sick leave in Sweden are deficient, according to research at Sahlgrenska Academy. Quality of the certificates was poorest in the case of symptom diagnosis, where the sickness itself had not been identified.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ouhQOH

Children prefer distribution by equal outcome when they share

(Kobe University) A Japanese study of 5- and 6-year-olds found that children prefer to share resources so that everyone ends up with the same amount (equal-outcome) rather than giving everyone the same amount regardless of what they have already (equal-allocation). This study was carried out by Associate Professor HAYASHI Hajimu of the Kobe University Graduate School of Human Development and Environment and the findings were published in the European Journal of Developmental Psychology on Jan. 26, 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2oB0Nd8

WSU researchers extract nicotine from ancient dental plaque for the first time

(Washington State University) A team of scientists has shown for the first time that nicotine residue can be extracted from dental plaque on the teeth of ancient tobacco users. Their research provides a new method for determining who was consuming tobacco in the ancient world and could help trace the use of tobacco and other intoxicating plants further back into prehistory.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2CN0px6

UGR scientist developed 3-D scans of beetles for Blade Runner 2049

(University of Granada) One of the main visual effects companies behind Blade Runner 2049, BUF, sought the collaboration of Javier Alba-Tercedor, a Professor of Zoology at the University of Granada, to obtain scans of different species of beetles used in the film's visual effects.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2oAPHVD

Military personnel seeking mental health care outside of the military

(Oxford University Press USA) A new article in Military Medicine, published by Oxford University Press, indicates that military personnel are making extensive use of outside mental health services, suggesting that military health and mental health services do not meet the needs of active duty service members.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FzGODE

Preventing stress, weight-related conditions among bus drivers

(Oregon Health & Science University) Because of the sedentary nature of being driving a bus, some estimate new drivers can gain between 7 and 20 pounds. A new research project aims to help new bus drivers succeed by learning healthy habits early in their careers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Cpus2j

States with strong tobacco control measures have fewer e-cigarette users

(New York University) States with robust tobacco control policies and regulations, such as smoke free air laws and taxes on cigarettes, not only have fewer cigarette users but also fewer e-cigarette users, according to research from NYU School of Medicine and the NYU College of Global Public Health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HP9zgp

Simple urine test could measure how much our body has aged

(Frontiers) New research shows that a substance indicating oxidative damage increases in urine as people get older, and describes an easy method to measure the level of this biomarker in human urine samples. This potentially provides a method to measure how much our body has aged, which could help predict our risk of developing age-related disease, and even our risk of death.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2t0PCQf

Identification of brain's painkilling region could lead to opioid alternatives

(University of Cambridge) Researchers from the UK & Japan have identified how the brain's natural painkilling system could be used as a possible alternative to opioids for the effective relief of chronic pain, which affects as many as one in three people at some point in their lives.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EZryyH

DASH-Style diet associated with reduced risk of depression

(Rush University Medical Center) Eating a diet that emphasizes vegetables, fruit and whole grains it may lead to a reduced risk of depression, according to a study by researchers at Rush University Medical Center.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FzX5sq

International Association for Relationship Research conference will be July 12-16

(Colorado State University) The International Association for Relationship Research main conference will take place July 12-16 at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F7xOYA

ICU risk scores perform well as 'continuous markers' of illness severity

(Wolters Kluwer Health) Commonly used ICU risk scores can be 'repurposed' as continuous markers of severity of illness in critically ill patients--providing ongoing updates on changes in the patient's condition and risk of death, according to a study in the March issue of Critical Care Medicine, official journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM). The journal is published by Wolters Kluwer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sZ7Txh

Most PA students tobacco-free, but vaping and cigarette use still a concern

(Penn State) Most of Pennsylvania's high school and middle school students are tobacco-free, but among those who do use tobacco products, the most commonly used product by middle schoolers was e-cigarettes -- also known as vaping -- and the most commonly used product by high schoolers was cigarettes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ougX8V

Norwegian researchers awarded Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav

(Norwegian University of Science and Technology) Norwegian neuroscientists Edvard Moser and May-Britt Moser were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2014 with John O'Keefe. They've now been recognised by Norway's King with the award of the Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BRCWOw

Researchers sequence complete genomes of extinct and living elephants

(McMaster University) An international team of researchers has produced one of the most comprehensive evolutionary pictures to date by looking at one of the world's most iconic animal families - namely elephants, and their relatives mammoths and mastodons-spanning millions of years.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2GLsTK4

New technology may protect troops from blast-induced brain injury

(University of Maryland School of Medicine) Researchers have developed a new military vehicle shock absorbing device that may protect troops from traumatic brain injury after a land mine blast. Over the past 18 years of conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, more than 250,000 troops have suffered such injuries.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FxG3uM

The onset of Alzheimer's disease: The importance of family history

(McGill University) A Canadian study published in JAMA Neurology shows that the closer a person gets to the age at which their parent exhibited the first signs of Alzheimer's, the more likely they are to have amyloid plaques, the cause of the cognitive decline associated with the disease, in their brain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ozuoU3

Diagnosis is not enough: Predicting avoidable transfers from nursing homes is complex

(Regenstrief Institute) Predicting ahead of time which nursing home residents can potentially avoid hospitalization is complex, according to a new study from the Indiana University Center for Aging Research and the Regenstrief Institute published in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FxNNgd

Health staff 'too stressed' to deal with disasters

(Anglia Ruskin University) Increasing stress and a lack of motivation among healthcare staff could result in hospitals having to shut down in the wake of a major incident such as flooding or an earthquake, according to new research published in the journal Procedia Engineering.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2opqCh6

Not enjoying your dinner out? Try putting the phone away

(University of British Columbia) Researchers looking at the effect of smartphones on face-to-face social interactions found that people who used their devices while out for dinner with friends and family enjoyed themselves less than those who did not.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ozl5DB

Discovery reveals way to stop inflammation in Alzheimer's, arthritis, more

(University of Virginia Health System) The finding 'opens up a whole new research area to look at neuroinflammation in the context of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's,' the lead researcher said. 'But the clinical impact will be in many, many different areas.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HQ5Gba

Researchers identify how phishing strategies may lead to success or failure

(Carnegie Mellon University) To begin to understand the psychology of criminals' behaviors in cybersecurity and how it can be used to prevent phishing attacks, Carnegie Mellon University's Prashanth Rajivan and Cleotilde Gonzalez identified how adversaries may be more successful when they exploit specific phishing strategies than when they use other less successful ones.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GMNVrP

The giant wave that marks the beginning of the end -- the neurobiology of dying

(Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin) The human brain is highly sensitive to oxygen deprivation. Extensive and irreversible damage occurs within approximately 10 minutes of cardiac (and hence circulatory) arrest. For the first time, researchers from Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the University of Cincinnati have been able to study these events in humans. The results from this research, which has been published in Annals of Neurology*, may inform future treatment strategies of cardiac arrest and stroke.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FvNjax

Perceptions of old age change as we age

(Michigan State University) Does life really begin at 40? Is 50 the new 30? For people in these age groups, the answer appears to be yes. But for young adults in their teens and early 20s, turning 50 equates to hitting old age. A new study of more than a half-million Americans led by a Michigan State University scholar shows just how skewed views of aging can be - particularly among the young.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EWIcPN

Study links responsible behavior in high school to life success 50 years later

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) A new study links doing one's homework, being interested and behaving responsibly in high school to better academic and career success as many as 50 years later. This effect, reported in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, holds true even after accounting for parental income, IQ and other factors known to influence achievement, researchers report.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ESbyTf

Microbiota-gut-brain axis is at epicenter of new approach to mental health

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) The functional gut microbiome provides an exciting new therapeutic target for treating psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and trauma-related conditions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F7S904

Risk of serotonin syndrome in patients prescribed triptans for migraine, antidepressants

(JAMA Network) The risk of serotonin syndrome in patients prescribed both triptans for migraine and antidepressants appears to be low, which may suggest an advisory from the US Food and Administration on that risk should be reconsidered.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F51EwN

Estimates of sexting frequency by young people under 18

(JAMA Network) A sizable number of young people under 18 engage in sexting, the practice of electronically sharing sexually explicit material, with an estimated 1 in 7 sending sexts and 1 in 4 receiving them.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sTwsMa

How do your friends plan to vote?

(Santa Fe Institute) Most election polls take the political pulse of a state or nation by reaching out to citizens about their voting plans. Santa Fe Institute Professor Mirta Galesic says pollsters might also ask: how do your friends plan to vote?

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BRNCwy

Insights into depression could aid development of new treatments

(University of Edinburgh) Fresh insights into changes in the brain linked to depression could pave the way for new therapies. The University of Edinburgh study also sheds light on why a certain category of antidepressant drugs stop working in some people.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F4tnOe

A linguist ready to take risks

(Goethe University Frankfurt) January 2018 saw the launch at Goethe University Frankfurt of a further Koselleck project funded by the German Research Foundation. The project, headed by professor and linguist Thomas Ede Zimmermann, deals with 'Propositionalism in Linguistic Semantics'. Through its Koselleck funding line, the German Research Foundation aims to support researchers with bold ideas who are ready to take risks.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sYp5mI

Oxytocin strengthens mothers' neural responses to infant and adult faces

(University of Tampere) In a new study from the University of Tampere in Finland, nasally administered oxytocin spray strengthened brain responses to pictures of infant and adult faces in mothers of 1-year-old infants.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2otdOWL

Preterm birth leaves its mark in the functional networks of the brain

(University of Helsinki) Researchers at the University of Helsinki and the Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, have proven that premature birth has a significant and, at the same time, a very selective effect on the functional networks of a child's brain. The effects can primarily be seen in the frontal lobe, which is significant for cognitive functions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2owZWLt

'War junk' left behind in Lapland by Germans is valuable cultural heritage to locals

(University of Helsinki) During the Second World War, the number of Germans and their prisoners in Finnish Lapland exceeded, at its height, that of the local population. The Germans left behind a great deal of material that, outside Lapland, has been considered 'war junk'. In Lapland, however, it is seen as an integral part of the region's cultural heritage. Opposing views on the relationship between nature and culture have been pitted against each other.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GI0MeE

'War junk' left behind in Lapland by Germans is valuable cultural heritage to locals

(University of Helsinki) During the Second World War, the number of Germans and their prisoners in Finnish Lapland exceeded, at its height, that of the local population. The Germans left behind a great deal of material that, outside Lapland, has been considered 'war junk'. In Lapland, however, it is seen as an integral part of the region's cultural heritage. Opposing views on the relationship between nature and culture have been pitted against each other.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2GI0MeE

Behavior in high school predicts income and occupational success later in life

(American Psychological Association) Being a responsible student, maintaining an interest in school and having good reading and writing skills will not only help a teenager get good grades in high school but could also be predictors of educational and occupational success decades later, regardless of IQ, parental socioeconomic status or other personality factors, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FzjS7m

Ohio State study reveals no link between hormonal birth control and depression

(MediaSource) The vast majority of women will use some method of contraception during their lifetime. Despite there being 37 million in the United States who are currently on birth control, many still worry about potential side effects.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CjScoB

University of Guelph study uncovers cause of cell death in Parkinson's disease

(University of Guelph) University of Guelph researcher discovered one of the factors behind nerve cell death in Parkinson's disease. Professor Scott Ryan found that cardiolipin, a molecule inside nerve cells, helps ensure that a protein called alpha-synuclein folds properly. Misfolding of this protein leads to protein deposits that are the hallmark of Parkinson's disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EQGlzK

New research highlights ineffectiveness of 'wonder drug' for alcohol use disorders

(University of Liverpool) A new study, published in the Addiction journal, conducted by researchers from the University of Liverpool highlights the ineffectiveness of a specific drug treatment for alcohol use disorders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EUUSGS

Diet shown to reduce stroke risk may also reduce risk of depression

(American Academy of Neurology) MINNEAPOLIS - People who eat vegetables, fruit and whole grains may have lower rates of depression over time, according to a preliminary study released today that will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology's 70th Annual Meeting in Los Angeles, April 21 to 27, 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EPT1qG

Noted child psychiatrist Harold Koplewicz, MD, speaks out on the Parkland shooting

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) Harold S. Koplewicz, MD, Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology and President of the Child Mind Institute has spoken out on the Parkland shooting and the urgent need to make mental health a priority for research and action.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HEJm3U

Grand Challenges Canada announces funding for 40 new health innovations in India

(Terry Collins Assoc) Grand Challenges Canada today announced an investment of up to $7.9 million in 40 health innovations in India, supported by the Government of Canada through Global Affairs Canada and complemented by contributions of dozens of partners, creating a total investment of up to $12.3 million. Three of the projects will empower vulnerable, low-income women and girls in rural villages in India, and protect and preserve their human dignity, through innovative approaches to improving menstrual health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GFgojp

Evaluation of I-TOPP examines outcomes of transdisciplinary doctoral training program

(University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences) Over the past 30 years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has doubled in 2- to 5-year-olds and tripled in children aged 6 to 11 years. To address this public health concern, in 2011, the USDA funded the Illinois Transdisciplinary Obesity Prevention Program (I-TOPP), a joint doctoral/Masters of Public Health (MPH) degree program, at the University of Illinois with the goal of training future leaders to address the problem of childhood obesity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GE9lHp

Dementia increases the risk of 30-day readmission to the hospital after discharge

(American Geriatrics Society) Until now, little was known about the effects of dementia on early hospital readmission. Researchers in Japan recently published the results of a study to learn more about the effects of dementia and being admitted to the hospital within 30 days of a previous hospital discharge (the medical term for leaving the hospital once your care is considered complete). Their study was published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HGO9SL

Young children use physics, not previous rewards, to learn about tools

(University of Cambridge) Children as young as seven apply basic laws of physics to problem-solving, rather than learning from what has previously been rewarded, suggests new research from the University of Cambridge.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EZUav3

China's two-child policy may exacerbate gender inequality

(University of British Columbia) Since China ended its one-child policy allowing all families to have up to two children, an additional 90 million women have become eligible to have a second child. But new UBC sociology research suggests the new universal two-child policy could be negatively affecting women's status and gender equality.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BMahdF

German nights get brighter -- but not everywhere

(GFZ GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Helmholtz Centre) The nights in the German federal states („Bundesländer") have been getting brighter and brighter in the last four years -- but not everywhere at the same rate and with one exemption: Thuringia. This is the result of a study by scientists Chris Kyba and Theres Küster from the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences together with Helga Kuechly from 'Luftbild - Umwelt - Planung, Potsdam'. They published the study in the International Journal of Sustainable Lighting.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2F0polP

PSU study: Pro-diversity policies make companies more innovative and profitable

(Portland State University) PSU business school professor's research shows that companies that hire a more diverse set of employees are rewarded with a richer pipeline of innovative products and a stronger financial position.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2onJzk9

How cities heat up

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) New study from MIT and CNRS shows a way to dial down the urban heat island effects that can pump up city temperatures, through different city planning based on classical physics formulas.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2owe9HI

Stem cell study may result in stronger muscles in old age

(Karolinska Institutet) As we grow older, our muscular function declines. A new study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden shows how an unexpectedly high number of mutations in the stem cells of muscles impair cell regeneration. This discovery may result in new medication to build stronger muscles even when in old age. The study is published in Nature Communications.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FoYIcc

Domestic goat dating back to the Neolithic Corded Ware period identified in Finland

(University of Helsinki) Goat hairs have been found in a grave structure that was discovered in the 1930s in Kauhava, western Finland. These are the oldest animal hairs found in Finland. From the perspective of Finnish prehistory, the finding supports the evidence of animal husbandry practised during the Corded Ware period, while also revealing details of burial rituals.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2EPJ8VZ

Impact of misunderstanding genetic tests for heart conditions

(University of Sydney) Patients who undergo genetic testing for inherited heart disease need to be better informed to know how to interpret the results and understand the impact the results will have on their life, a University of Sydney study has found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EN5OpS

Being raised in greener neighborhoods may have beneficial effects on brain development

(University of California - Los Angeles) A study by ISGlobal, a center supported by the 'la Caixa' Banking Foundation, in collaboration with Hospital del Mar and UCLA's Fielding School of Public Health, shows for the first time that exposure to green space during childhood is associated with beneficial structural changes in the developing brain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GDQAUz

Fear and hoping: Adding hope to health messages may motivate better behaviors

(Penn State) While fear about health concerns may grip people, adding a little hope to a message might make people more willing to take preventative actions, according to researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EMM0Hj

The 'loudness' of our thoughts affects how we judge external sounds

(New York University) The 'loudness' of our thoughts -- or how we imagine saying something -- influences how we judge the loudness of real, external sounds, a team of researchers from NYU Shanghai and NYU has found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BMRXBl

NIST expertise helps protect Emancipation Proclamation at African American History Museum

(National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)) This month, two seminal documents in American history -- the Emancipation Proclamation and the 13th Amendment to the Constitution -- went on display (link is external) at the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC). They are preserved in sealed encasements that were custom-designed, fabricated and outfitted with environmental sensors by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sPuEnm

Infants are able to learn abstract rules visually

(Northwestern University) Three-month-old babies cannot sit up or roll over, yet they are already capable of learning patterns from simply looking at the world around them, according to a recent Northwestern University study published in PLOS One. For the first time, the researchers show that 3- and 4-month-old infants can successfully detect visual patterns and generalize them to new sequences.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ouiBGX

Researchers develop new technology platform for cancer immunotherapy

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Johns Hopkins scientists invent multifunctional antibody-ligand traps (Y-traps), a new class of cancer immunotherapeutics. They develop Y-traps comprising an antibody targeting an immune checkpoint (CTLA-4 or PD-L1) fused to a TGFβ trap. In humanized mouse models, these Y-traps reverse immune suppression and inhibit growth of tumors that do not respond to current immune checkpoint inhibitors.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HDlnSR

Sweet, bitter, fat: Genetics play a role in kids' snacking patterns, study finds

(University of Guelph) The types of snacks a child chooses could be linked to genetics, a University of Guelph study found.The study investigated whether genetic variants in taste receptors related to sweet, fat and bitter tastes influence the snacks preschoolers choose and found nearly 80 per cent carried at least one of these genotypes that could predispose them to poor snacking habits.These findings could help parents tailor their kids' diets based on their genetics of taste.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CDdhFS

Opioid abuse leads to heroin use and a hepatitis C epidemic, USC researcher says

(University of Southern California) Heroin is worse than other drugs because people inject it much sooner, potentially resulting in increased risk of injection-related epidemics such as hepatitis C and HIV, a Keck School of Medicine of USC study shows. As more people use opioids, many switch to heroin because it's more potent and cheaper - a trend that complicates disease prevention as health officials crack down on opioids.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EL2ob9

Tracking fishing from space: The global footprint of industrial fishing revealed

(Global Fishing Watch) Humans have been fishing the seas for over 42,000 years. However, the global footprint of fishing was poorly understood -- until now. A new study published today in Science illuminates the extent of global fishing -- down to individual vessel movements and hourly activity -- and finds that fishing occurs in over 55 percent of the world's oceans. By revealing where and when fishing occurs, the findings open an unprecedented gateway for improved ocean management.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ELEXKO

Age and gender matter behind the wheel -- but not how you might expect

(University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences) A UCLA study explored the relationship between new drivers' skills and age, gender, organized sports and video gaming. The results suggest that mandatory training should be required for all novice drivers, not just teenagers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Fm0haM

Mind-reading algorithm uses EEG data to reconstruct images based on what we perceive

(University of Toronto) A new technique developed by neuroscientists at U of T Scarborough can reconstruct images of what people perceive based on their brain activity gathered by EEG.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FqKmbv

Kessler Foundation receives grant to study cortical changes in youth with brain injury

(Kessler Foundation) Drs. Kiran Karunakaran and Karen Nolan have won a $35,000 grant from New Jersey Health Foundation to study the cortical changes in children and young adults with lower extremity motor deficits caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI). 'Our research shows that robotic exoskeleton training has the potential for tremendous impact on gait function, balance, and neuromuscular responses, as well as community participation and quality of life for individuals with TBI,' explained Dr. Nolan.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FlxumM

Dr. Kucukboyaci receives grant to study cognitive therapies for traumatic brain injury

(Kessler Foundation) 'Memory and learning problems are very common in people with moderate to severe TBI,' explained Dr. Kucukboyaci. 'Through this NJ Health Foundation grant, we will be able to advance our preliminary research and directly address the need for Class I research in software-assisted cognitive rehabilitation. 'Our goal is to improve patient care for this population,' he continued, 'by devising and teaching TBI-tailored memory strategies that can boost work or school functioning, and monitoring cognitive changes over time.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ELIqcn

Looking for the origins of schizophrenia

(D'Or Institute for Research and Education) Schizophrenia may be related to neurodevelopment changes, including brain's inability to create the appropriate vascular system, according to new study resulted from a partnership between the D'Or Institute for Research and Education, the University of Chile and the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). The results broaden the understanding about the causes of this severe and disabling disorder, which affects about 1 percent of the world's population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ok0UdE

Research into the family tree of today's horses sheds new light on the origins of the species

(University of Exeter) The earliest known domesticated horses are not at the root of today's modern breed's family tree, as had previously been thought, new research has shown.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2FnSYPV

Surprising new study redraws family tree of domesticated and 'wild' horses

(University of Kansas) Research published in Science today overturns a long-held assumption that Przewalski's horses, native to the Eurasian steppes, are the last wild horse species on Earth

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2EMGFeL

Unsaddling old theory on origin of horses

(CNRS) Botai horses were tamed in Kazakhstan 5,500 years ago and thought to be the ancestors of today's domesticated horses . . . until a team led by researchers from the CNRS and Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier sequenced their genome. Their findings published on Feb. 22, 2018 in Science are startling: these equids are the progenitors not of the modern domesticated horse, but rather of Przewalski's horses--previously presumed wild!

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2Fo3rLg

Neanderthals were artistic like modern humans, study indicates

(University of Southampton) Scientists have found the first major evidence that Neanderthals, rather than modern humans, created the world's oldest known cave paintings -- suggesting they may have had an artistic sense similar to our own.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2ELRHkx

Neanderthals thought like we do

(Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology) Using Uranium-Thorium dating an international team of researchers co-directed by Dirk Hoffmann of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, demonstrates that more than 115,000 years ago Neanderthals produced symbolic objects, and that they created cave art more than 20,000 years before modern humans first arrived in Europe. The researchers conclude that our cousins' cognitive abilities were equivalent to our own.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2FlVG8w

Descriptive phrases for how often food should be eaten helps preschoolers better understand healthy eating

(Elsevier) Preschool is a critical period for children to begin to make their own dietary decisions to develop life-long healthy eating habits. A new study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that preschoolers who learned how to classify food as healthy or unhealthy were more likely to say they would choose healthy food as a snack.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sKHUtv

New insights on the neurobiology of dying

(Wiley) A new Annals of Neurology study provides insight into the neurobiology of dying. For the study, investigators performed continuous patient monitoring following Do Not Resuscitate - Comfort Care orders in patients with devastating brain injury to investigate the mechanisms and timing of events in the brain and the circulation during the dying process.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EWtawr

Fertility breakthrough: New research could extend egg health with age

(Princeton University) Princeton researchers identified a key protein in old, poor-quality C. elegans eggs. When they blocked this protein midway through the fertile window, the equivalent of a woman in her early thirties, they successfully extended egg viability beyond the normal span. Another experiment that knocked out this protein's genes entirely extended the worms' fertility by about 10 percent. If applied to humans, that could represent a 3- to 6-year extension of female fertility.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ELWbrD

Prestigious AGA Recognition Awards presented to GI leaders

(American Gastroenterological Association) The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) has announced the 2018 recipients of the annual recognition awards, given in honor of outstanding contributions and achievements in gastroenterology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FnCRBV

Antidepressant response within hours? Experts weigh evidence on ketamine as fast-acting treatment for depression in Harvard Review of Psychiatry

(Wolters Kluwer Health) Recent studies suggest that ketamine, a widely used anesthetic agent, could offer a wholly new approach to treating severe depression -- producing an antidepressant response in hours rather than weeks. Two reviews of recent evidence on ketamine and related drugs for treating depression appear in the Harvard Review of Psychiatry, published by Wolters Kluwer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2oqc8N4

Neuroscientists discover a brain signal that indicates whether speech has been understood

(Trinity College Dublin) The presence or absence of a unique brain signal after a listener has heard some speech indicates whether or not that listener has understood what has been said. The discovery has a number of practical applications, including tracking language development, assessing brain function post-injury, and confirming whether important instructions have been understood in high-pressure jobs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EJRePQ

Financial structure of early childhood edu. Requires overhaul to make it accessible and affordable

(National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine) High-quality early care and education (ECE) is critical to positive child development and has the potential to generate economic returns, but the current financing structure of ECE leaves many children without access to high-quality services and does little to strengthen the ECE workforce, says a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BHfzXY

Biomarker, clues to possible therapy found in novel childhood neurogenetic disease

(Children's Hospital of Philadelphia) Researchers studying a rare genetic disorder that causes severe, progressive neurological problems in childhood have discovered insights into biological mechanisms that drive the disease, along with early clues that an amino acid supplement might offer a targeted therapy. The disorder, called TBCK-encephalopathy, disrupts autophagy, an important cellular waste-disposal process.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ELIUmI

Study finds language, achievement benefits of universal early childhood education

(Boston College) A study of more than 60,000 children enrolled in Norway's universal early education system has found the program improves language skills and narrows achievement gaps, according to a team of researchers from the US and Norway, led by Boston College Professor of Education Eric Dearing.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2oq3jme

Scottish hospitals see slower decline in deaths

(University of York) In a first-of-its-kind study, the researchers looked at extensive data on hospital admissions and discharges in both countries over a 17-year period. They found that while the number of people dying in hospital has declined in both countries, it is falling substantially faster in England.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BGCyCt

Archaeology: Pots, people and knowledge transfer

(Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) In the Late Neolithic, a new style of pottery appears among the grave goods buried with the dead in many parts of Europe. A new genetic study shows that, with one exception, its dissemination was not accompanied by large-scale migration.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2BI4cPu

Decoding the structure of huntingtin

(Max-Planck-Gesellschaft) Determining the three dimensional structure of the protein could help to develop new treatments of Huntington's disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CE63S3

Color of judo uniform has no effect on winning

(Frontiers) Contrary to previous studies and widespread belief, new research on competitive judo data finds a winning bias for the athlete who is first called, regardless of the color of their uniform.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HEQqNU

Disease-bearing mosquitoes gain from shrinkage of green spaces

(Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) A study conducted in São Paulo, Southern Hemisphere's biggest city, shows that mosquitoes belonging to vector species make up for seven out of the eight most common species found in municipal parks; adapted to urban environment, they benefit from the fragmentation of green areas, a process which leads to the extinction of wild species.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CfR19m

GWAS identifies genetic alteration associated with opioid dependence

(Elsevier) A genome-wide association study has identified a new genetic alteration in European-Americans with opioid dependence. The study, published in Biological Psychiatry, included over 3,000 opioid-exposed people. The new findings provide insight into the biological origins of opioid dependence, which has become an epidemic of historical proportions in the US, driven by dangerous use of prescription painkillers and heroin.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BIYT27

German universities likely to benefit from Brexit, report suggests

(Aarhus University) A new report suggests that while UK universities are likely to suffer because of Brexit, German universities may reap the benefits.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2oluj7l

New neurons in the adult brain are involved in sensory learning

(Institut Pasteur) Scientists from the Institut Pasteur and the CNRS have demonstrated that the new neurons produced in adults react preferentially to reward-related sensory stimuli and help speed up the association between sensory information and reward. Adult-born neurons therefore play an important role in both the identification of a sensory stimulus and the positive value associated with that sensory experience. The neurons generated shortly after birth are unable to perform this function. These findings are published in the journal PNAS on February 19, 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EIwHeE

Frontiers in precision medicine III: Will personalized medicine improve population health?

(University of Utah Health) Join us for this full-day symposium at which nationally-renowned experts in personalized medicine, genomics, epidemiology, health disparities, regulatory science and bioethics will wrestle with the question whether and how personalized medicine can improve population health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sOVn3D

How the 'I approve' tagline boosts nasty political ads

(University of California - Berkeley Haas School of Business) New research by Berkeley Haas Assoc. Prof. Clayton Critcher finds that adding the required 'I approve this message' tagline to negative campaign ads makes them more credible.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Cbaqs4

The good and bad health news about your exercise posts on social media

(University of Arizona) The more you see your friends post about exercise on social media, the worse you might feel about your own weight, especially when you perceive those people as being very similar to you, new research suggests. However, certain people -- those who tend to make 'upward social comparisons' -- find their friends' workout posts motivating.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FkSOJ9

Researchers develop process producing cell-sized lipid vesicles for cell-cell synaptic therapies

(World Scientific) Novel and robust process to produce functionalized giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) on-demand from double emulsions templates results in artificial cells with surface ligand neuroligin-2 (NL-2) to promote insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells, demonstrating a versatile cell-cell synaptic therapeutic paradigm.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Cetcij

The successful launch of Falcon Heavy prompts a roadmap for radioresistant astronauts

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) This massively-collaborative research proposes the roadmap for making humans more resistant to radiation and multiple other forms of stress- and age-associated damage.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ELykrV

AI companies to reuse crypto mining farms for deep learning in healthcare

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Both Longenesis, Ltd and Neuromation, Ltd. are developing global ecosystems using blockchain technologies. The companies agreed to bridge each the ecosystems to enable rapid expansion and allow the large corporations to procure a large amount of data from the individuals consenting to the specific uses of their data and to procure the high-performance computing infrastructure required to train the deep neural networks.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CcMm89

Study debunks claim that medical marijuana laws increase recreational pot use for US teens

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) Legalizing medical marijuana has not increased recreational use of the substance among US adolescents, according to a new study. For now, there appears to be no basis for the argument that legalizing medical marijuana has increased teens' use of the drug. The researchers analyzed the results of eleven separate studies dating back to 1991. No significant changes, increases or decreases, occurred in adolescent recreational use following enactment of medical marijuana laws.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2oqTIvt

Social media and internet not cause of political polarization, (new research suggests)

(University of Oxford) New Oxford University research suggests that social media and the internet are not the root of today's fragmented society, and echo chambers may not be the threat they are perceived to be. In fact most people use multiple media outlets and social media platforms, meaning that only a small proportion of the population, at most, is influenced by echo chambers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sOlFDc

Midwifery linked to better birth outcomes in state-by-state report cards

(Oregon State University) Midwife-friendly laws and regulations tend to coincide with lower rates of premature births, cesarean deliveries and newborn deaths, according to a new US-wide 'report card' that ranks all 50 states on the quality of their maternity care.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2oovRfU

Study offers more food for thought on kids' eating habits, emotions

(University of Texas at Dallas) A University of Texas at Dallas psychologist has examined the preconceptions about the effects of emotions on children's eating habits, creating the framework for future studies of how dietary patterns evolve in early childhood. Dr. Shayla C. Holub, associate professor in the School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, demonstrated that children from 4½ to 9 years old chose chocolate candy over goldfish crackers more frequently in response to both happiness and sadness.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FjAO1B

Study points to risk of future sleep breathing problems in college football players

(University of North Carolina at Charlotte) Previous studies with older NFL football players have found a high incidence of sleep apnea, a serious health issue, among the group, particularly among older linemen. Now, a study with college-age linemen suggests that the roots of this health problem in football players may begin much earlier, and at an age when the condition is much less likely to occur in the general population. Body training specific to linemen appears to be related.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HBHzga

Fragile X syndrome neurons restored using CRISPR/Cas9-guided activation strategy

(Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research) Fragile X syndrome is the most frequent cause of intellectual disability in males, affecting 1 out of 3600 boys born. For the first time, researchers at Whitehead Institute have restored activity to the fragile X syndrome gene in affected neurons using a modified CRISPR/Cas9 system that removes the methylation--the molecular tags that keep the mutant gene shut off--suggesting that this method may be useful for targeting diseases caused by abnormal methylation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GAMrAX

Smartphones are bad for some teens, not all

(Canadian Institute for Advanced Research) In a commentary published today in Nature's special issue on the science of adolescence, Candice Odgers argues that smartphones should not be seen as universally bad. Her piece highlights research on how teens use online tools to build up relationships and arrange activities in real life. However, she also examines evidence that vulnerable teens are experiencing greater negative effects of life online.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HzZ3JN

Infant skull binding shaped identity, inequality in ancient Andes

(Cornell University) The idea of binding and reshaping a baby's head may make today's parents cringe, but for families in the Andes between 1100-1450, cranial modification was all the rage.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2ELHetp

New research sheds light on prehistoric human migration in europe

(University of Wyoming) The first farmers of northern and western Europe passed through southeastern Europe with limited hunter-gatherer genetic admixture, which occurs when two or more previously isolated populations begin interbreeding. However, some groups that remained mixed extensively -- without the male-biased, hunter-gatherer admixture that prevailed later in the North and West.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2CCqtuH

First 3-D digital models reveal the development of the extinct Tasmanian tiger

(University of Melbourne) Researchers from Museums Victoria and the University of Melbourne have CT scanned all 13 known Tasmanian tiger joey specimens to create 3-D digital models which have allowed them to study their skeletons and internal organs, and reconstruct their growth and development.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EHfli6

Scientists discover critical molecular biomarkers of preeclampsia

(American Friends of Tel Aviv University) A new Tel Aviv University study identifies novel molecular biomarkers of preeclampsia, a sudden pregnancy complication, signaling the potential for an early diagnostic blood test.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FhaQMd

End-of-life hospital and healthcare use among older adults with Alzheimer's disease

(American Geriatrics Society) A team of researchers from Belgium recently studied how people with Alzheimer's disease use medical services during their final months. The goal was to learn more about the best ways to help older adults with dementia at the end of their lives. Their study was published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CCquif

Infant skull binding shaped identity, inequality in ancient Andes

(Cornell University) The idea of binding and reshaping a baby's head may make today's parents cringe, but for families in the Andes between 1100-1450, cranial modification was all the rage.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ELHetp

Laser technology takes Maya archeologists where they've never gone before

(University of Arizona) With the help of airborne laser mapping technology, a team of archeologists, led by UA professor Takeshi Inomata, is exploring on a larger scale than ever before the history and spread of settlement at the ancient Maya site of Ceibal in Guatemala.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CC55Wx

What a handsome schnoz!

(Kyoto University) Researchers find evidence supporting both male-male competition and female choice as factors in the evolution of the enlarged male nose in proboscis monkeys.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EHfbY2

Scientists create 'Evolutionwatch' for plants

(PLOS) Using a hitchhiking weed, scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology reveal for the first time the mutation rate of a plant growing in the wild.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2FlIRLG

Laser technology takes Maya archeologists where they've never gone before

(University of Arizona) With the help of airborne laser mapping technology, a team of archeologists, led by UA professor Takeshi Inomata, is exploring on a larger scale than ever before the history and spread of settlement at the ancient Maya site of Ceibal in Guatemala.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2CC55Wx

PHAT Life: Effective HIV intervention for youth in the criminal justice system

(NIH/National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities) A group risk-reduction intervention that uses role-playing, videos, games, and skill-building exercises to promote knowledge about HIV/AIDS, positive coping, and problem-solving skills for high-risk teens in the juvenile justice system, showed great potential for reducing sexual risk-taking. The findings were published in Health Psychology and funded by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), part of the National Institutes of Health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ofbBOu

Tackling health problems in the young is crucial for their children's future

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) A child's growth and development is affected by the health and lifestyles of their parents before pregnancy - even going back to adolescence - according to a new study. The findings show that tackling obesity, mental health, poor nutrition and substance abuse in young people before they become parents is essential for the best possible start to life for their future children. 

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FlltOe

Ancient DNA tells tales of humans' migrant history

(Howard Hughes Medical Institute) Fueled by advances in analyzing DNA from the bones of ancient humans, scientists have dramatically expanded the number of samples studied -- revealing vast and surprising migrations and genetic mixing of populations in our prehistoric past.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CCbAso

Ancient DNA tells tales of humans' migrant history

(Howard Hughes Medical Institute) Fueled by advances in analyzing DNA from the bones of ancient humans, scientists have dramatically expanded the number of samples studied -- revealing vast and surprising migrations and genetic mixing of populations in our prehistoric past.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2CCbAso

Researchers uncover novel mechanism behind schizophrenia

(Case Western Reserve University) An international team of researchers led by a Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine scientist has uncovered a novel mechanism in which a protein--neuregulin 3--controls how key neurotransmitters are released in the brain during schizophrenia. The protein is elevated in people with schizophrenia and other severe mental illnesses, but the study is the first to investigate how it causes such severe mental illness.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CC8Ye4

The writing on the wall

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) When and where did humans develop language? To find out, look deep inside caves, suggests an MIT professor.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2odh5JR

Lizard love

(University of California - Santa Barbara) Anolis lizards have a thing or two to teach humans about love -- or in scientific speak, sexual selection -- at least when it comes to territoriality.Decades of behavioral research on the lizard's mating systems have resulted in near-unanimous agreement among scientists that the males maintain restricted, static territories to defend exclusive mating access to females within these territories and are consequently polygamous.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EIsVSq

American Psychological Association conference on technology, mind and society

(American Psychological Association) The conference will focus on efforts to understand and shape the interactions of human beings and technology. Topics to be presented include whether humans are ready for self-driving cars, how social media can help identify mental illness, how robots can help people with dementia and the effect on young children of growing up in a digital environment.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HBXquW

GW researcher awarded more than $1.5 million to study PTSD and cardiovascular disease

(George Washington University) Paul Marvar, PhD, at GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences, received a large grant from the NIH to study a possible link between post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FjMly8

New research fails to support efficacy of desvenlafaxine for treating MDD in adolescents

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) New studies in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) reported negative outcomes, failing to support the effectiveness of desvenlafaxine (Pristiq, Pfizer) compared to placebo.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EXUhXY

Recruiting the immune system to prevent relapse

(American Chemical Society) Substance abuse, particularly opioid abuse, is an ongoing issue in the US. While treatments such as drug counseling and a handful of medications to combat withdrawal symptoms and cravings exist, the fear and risk of relapsing is real. An article in Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN), the weekly newsmagazine of the American Chemical Society, describes how vaccines targeting drugs of abuse could prevent relapse.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2onXi9U

An improved anti-addiction medication

(American Chemical Society) Drug addiction continues to plague vast numbers of people across the world, destroying and ending lives, while attempts to develop more effective pharmaceutical addiction treatments continue. Scientists now report in the Journal of the American Chemical Society the development of a potent new medicine to fight addiction, which might also be an effective treatment for epilepsy and other conditions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sFWJ0A

UNIST students win two HCI Korea 2018 Creative Awards

(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)) Four students from South Korea's Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) have won prizes at the 2018 HCI Korea Creative Awards, one of the largest academic conferences in the field of Human-Computer Interaction.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CaadFz

Haloperidol does not prevent delirium or improve survival rates in ICU patients

(Radboud University Medical Center) Prophylactic use of the drug haloperidol does not help to prevent delirium in intensive care patients or improve their chances of survival. Therefore, there is no reason anymore to administer the drug as a preventive measure to reduce the burden of delirium. This was revealed following a three-year, large-scale study among 1,800 patients in 20 Dutch ICUs, headed by Radboud university medical center.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CaWHBw

Fertility study finds hormone that could support early pregnancy

(University of Edinburgh) Scientists have identified a hormone that could help prepare the womb lining for pregnancy, research shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BFxZZc

Film Memento helped uncover how the brain remembers and interprets events from clues

(Aalto University) In an Aalto University film study combining art and neuroscience, viewers were shown Christopher Nolan's early classic Memento (2000). The protagonist suffers from long-term memory loss and is unable to retain new memories for no longer than a few minutes. The events unfold in reversed chronological order.The results deepen our understanding of how the brain functions, how narratives work in film, and memory mechanisms impaired by conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EGQJdi

Asian elephants have different personality traits just like humans

(University of Turku) Researchers of the University of Turku, Finland, have studied a timber elephant population in Myanmar and discovered that Asian elephant personality manifests through three different factors. The personality factors identified by the researchers are Attentiveness, Sociability and Aggressiveness.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CAhHgS

Turn off the telly and get moving

(Springer) Spending too much time in front of the television could increase your chance of developing potentially fatal blood clots known as venous thrombosis. Even trying to counterbalance hours of TV watching through adequate exercise is not effective warns Yasuhiko Kubota of the University of Minnesota in the US. Kubota is the lead author of a study in Springer's Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EWhhXe

Depression linked to reduced arginine levels

(University of Eastern Finland) People suffering from major depressive disorder, MDD, have reduced arginine levels, a new study from the University of Eastern Finland shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EWh1aI

Creative couples' intervention significantly helps people with Alzheimer's communicate

(Florida Atlantic University) For couples with decades of shared memories, a partner's decline in the ability to communicate because of dementia is frightening and frustrating. Communication strategies they've used before simply don't work anymore. By getting creative, an in-home intervention to support couples affected by dementia is showing that 'practice does make perfect,' both for the caregiver and the care receiver or person with dementia, and can improve their communication behaviors in just 10 weeks.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EJaAo7

Research challenges use of off-label drug to treat osteoarthritis

(University of Leeds) An off-label drug prescribed to treat osteoarthritis of the hand when conventional medication has failed is ineffective, according to new research. The study shows there was no benefit in taking hydroxychloroquine to control debilitating pain when compared to a placebo (dummy substance).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sEm2ji

Patients with advanced cancer may be less competent to make decisions than doctors think

(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) Forty-four percent of patients with advanced cancer but only eight percent of healthy adults showed impaired understanding; Forty-nine percent of patients and eight percent of healthy adults showed impaired appreciation; and 85.4 percent of patients versus 10 percent of healthy adults showed impaired reasoning.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EWJe1q

Wine polyphenols could fend off bacteria that cause cavities and gum disease

(American Chemical Society) Sipping wine is good for your colon and heart, possibly because of the beverage's abundant and structurally diverse polyphenols. Now researchers report in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry that wine polyphenols might also be good for your oral health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EFQH5D

Phishing success linked to incentives and sticking to an effective strategy

(Frontiers) A new study focusing on the attacker -- a largely ignored but crucial aspect of phishing -- identifies successful and less successful strategies. It also reveals that attackers are motivated by quicker and larger rewards -- with creative individuals putting more effort into constructing these malicious emails. Insights from the study can be used to develop tools and training procedures to detect phishing emails.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FgP77b

Rediscovered Andy Warhol interview explores pop art and queerness

(Oxford University Press USA) A new paper in the Oxford Art Journal examines the significance of a newly discovered recoding of Andy Warhol's famous 1963 interview with Gene Swenson, published in ARTnews under the heading 'What is Pop Art?' The printed interview omitted a large part of the recording, which actually starts with the question 'What do you say about homosexuals?' Warhol's early and explicit on-the-record statements about Pop's relationship to homosexuality were suppressed from publication.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ofF4rT

Largest study of its kind finds alcohol use biggest risk factor for dementia

(Centre for Addiction and Mental Health) Alcohol use disorders are the most important preventable risk factors for the onset of all types of dementia, especially early-onset dementia. This according to a nationwide observational study, published in The Lancet Public Health journal, of over one million adults diagnosed with dementia in France.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HyGTbm

How people cope with difficult life events fuels development of wisdom, study finds

(Oregon State University) How a person responds to a difficult life event such as a death or divorce helps shape the development of their wisdom over time, a new study from Oregon State University suggests.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2onum1x

Protein levels in spinal fluid correlate to posture and gait difficulty in Parkinson's

(Rush University Medical Center) Levels of a protein found in the brain called alpha-synuclein (α-syn) are significantly lower than normal in cerebrospinal fluid collected in Parkinson's disease patients suffering from postural instability and gait difficulty, a study led by movement disorders experts at Rush University Medical Center has found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2C914x6

Resolvin D-1 limits kidney damage after heart attacks

(University of Alabama at Birmingham) A heart attack triggers an acute inflammatory response at the damaged portion of the heart's left ventricle. If the inflammation lingers, it can lead heart failure. The inflammation can also claim another victim -- the kidneys. New research shows that a bioactive compound called resolvin D-1, injected as a therapeutic dose, is able to limit this collateral damage in the kidneys, as tested in an animal model. This suggests potential application to the clinical setting.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CcmOYM

Latest palliative care findings on caregiver depression, LGBT partners, moral distress

(Loyola University Health System) Caregivers of patients surviving a prolonged critical illness experience high and persistent rates of depression. Losing a partner can be especially stressful for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people. Resident physicians experience moral distress when they administer futile treatments to patients at the end of life. These are among nine major findings from the latest research on hospital palliative care, according to a study published in the Journal of Hospital Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EGqQ9A

Illinois researchers researchers find tweeting in cities lower than expected

(University of Illinois College of Engineering) Studying data from Twitter, University of Illinois researchers found that less people tweet per capita from larger cities than in smaller ones, indicating an unexpected trend that has implications in understanding urban pace of life.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2olYWZA

Countries investing in well-being allocate resources to child and adolescent psychiatry

(University of Turku) A new research report shows that a high ranking in the Human Development Index is connected with the availability of mental health services. In a comparison between 17 European and Asian countries, Norway, Switzerland and Finland had the highest ratio of child and adolescent psychiatrists. The report was compiled by the Eurasian Child & Adolescent Mental Health Study (EACMHS) network established by the Research Centre for Child Psychiatry at the University of Turku, Finland.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2HtpZuN

Study: Corporations can benefit from altruism during a crisis

(North Carolina State University) Research finds that altruism -- and social media -- can help corporations cultivate trust with consumers on mobile devices during and after natural disasters, such as hurricanes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2GuA35s

Governance of emerging technologies: Aligning policy analysis with social values

(The Hastings Center) A new special report examines how we can make wise policy decisions about emerging technologies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FhcSfx

Deconstructing lupus -- could some of its makeup be part of its cure?

(University of Houston) University of Houston biomedical engineer Chandra Mohan is examining the protein ALCALM to find a cure for lupus and its complications. ALCALM appears in patients that have kidney disease and lupus. Mohan says it's like finding a suspect at the scene of different crimes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EFO8jN

New study aims to measure how PTSD affects police officers

(University at Buffalo) Researchers are working with a sample of members of the Buffalo Police Department on a three-year $814,000 study being funded by the US Department of Justice's National Institute of Justice.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Hwtv7r

Medicine alone does not completely suppress testosterone levels among transgender women

(Boston University School of Medicine) The majority of transgender women who follow the usual approach prescribed in the United States are unable to reliably lower their testosterone levels into the typical female physiologic range with medicine alone.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2odQPio

Housing problems found to be common at safety-net community health centers

(Massachusetts General Hospital) A new study led by investigators from Massachusetts General Hospital and Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program finds that more than 40 percent of patients treated at US community health centers have a history of housing problems.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FfTfEo

TSRI stroke drug demonstrates safety in clinical trial

(Scripps Research Institute) 'These results lay the groundwork for the next steps toward FDA approval,' says John Griffin, PhD, professor at TSRI, whose team invented 3K3A-APC.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2C8k8LX

More awareness, research needed on abuse risk of non-opioid painkiller

(University of Louisville) Gabapentin, a nerve pain medication and anticonvulsant sold under the brand name Neurontin and others, increasingly is being misused, necessitating prescribers to understand its abuse potential and risk profile, said Rachel Vickers Smith, Ph.D., M.P.H., assistant professor in the University of Louisville School of Nursing.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sGphXP

Improving family-based comm. Key to enhancing sexual health outcomes of GBQ adolescents

(University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing) Studies have shown that talking with teens about sex-related topics is a positive parenting practice that facilitates important sexual health outcomes with heterosexual adolescents. But for LGBTQ youth, the topic of sexuality and sexual health is often ineffectively addressed at home.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2okxsDJ

Bresnahan, Pakes and Porter win the Frontiers of Knowlede Award in Economics

(BBVA Foundation) The BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in the Economics, Finance and Management category goes, in this tenth edition, to Timothy Bresnahan, Ariel Pakes and Robert Porter for founding and shaping the field of empirical industrial organization, a branch of economics that has developed fundamental techniques to measure market power, understood as the ability of a firm to control prices in a given industry.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BF5fQ4

How to get the most out of foreign investment

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Researchers at the Higher School of Economics (HSE University) have revealed that Russian companies need to invest in the development of intellectual resources in order to maximize the benefits from partners in developed countries. Results of the study have been published in the journal, Knowledge Management Research & Practice.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Catx5J

Innuendo and pointing suspicion in news coverage can fuel conspiracy theories

(University of Exeter) Innuendo and hinting at fake information in news coverage is enough to fuel belief in conspiracy theories, new research shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sGgftA

Study shows higher risk of Dementia for adults with congenital heart disease

(Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center) A new study is believed to be the first to show a higher risk of dementia in adults who were born with heart disease. The study of more than 10,000 adult with congenital heart disease (CHD) in Denmark discovered a particularly increased risk for early dementia in middle-age adults.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EWlhae

New structure discovered in human sperm tails

(University of Gothenburg) A highly effective tail is needed in order for a sperm to be able to swim, and for a baby to be conceived. By using cryo-electron tomography, researchers at the University of Gothenburg -- working in partnership with researchers in the USA -- have identified a completely new nanostructure inside sperm tails.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2oeNX4O

Sexual orientation discordance puts adolescents at greater risk for nonfatal suicidal behaviors

(Elsevier) Researchers have now identified sexual orientation discordance -- sexual contact that is inconsistent with the individual's sexual orientation -- as a potential risk factor for adolescent suicidal ideation and/or attempts. They found that discordant students were 70 percent more likely to have had suicidal ideas or to have made suicide attempts compared with concordant students, reports the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2olt8nv

Stigma increases risk of depression for people with Multiple Sclerosis

(Penn State) People with Multiple Sclerosis -- MS -- who feel stigmatized are more likely to suffer from depression, according to researchers, who add that having a support system of friends and family and a sense of autonomy may help reduce the harmful effects of stigma.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2CaTy51

Why the boss always gets the blame

(Ruhr-University Bochum) An employee receives significantly more praise if his actions result in positive consequences than his superior. An experiment conducted by a team of researchers from Bochum and Cologne has demonstrated that, unlike previously assumed, the acting person's social status plays an important role when it comes to the distribution of praise and blame -- rather than the extent to which an individual has influenced a given situation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Cc0FK8

Are bots a danger for political election campaigns?

(University of Erlangen-Nuremberg) Normally, autonomous computer programs known as bots are used to trawl the Internet. However, there are also programs known as social bots which interfere in social media, automatically generating replies or sharing content. They are currently suspected of being used to spread political propaganda. Scientists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) have investigated the extent to which autonomous programs such as these were used on the platform Twitter during the general elections in Japan in 2014.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2C8X2Vo

Improving low-income residents' utilization of farmers markets

(Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center) A pair of studies conducted at LSU Health New Orleans School of Public Health found reasons and possible solutions to improve low-income residents' access to fresh, local produce at farmers markets.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BFdwn9

Civil engineers at Concordia University devise a cost-saving solution for cities

(Concordia University) Why fix a road today if it's slated to be ripped up for new sewers next summer?This kind of question is at the heart of research from Tarek Zayed, and Amin Hammad, professors in Concordia's Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), and PhD candidates Soliman A. Abu-Samra and Mahmoud Ahmed.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2C8zgZK

Postnatal depression has life-long impact on mother-child relations

(University of Kent) Postnatal depression (PND) can impact the quality of relationships between mother and child into adult life, and have a negative influence on the quality of relationships between grandmothers and grandchildren, new research at the University of Kent has discovered.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2oiC9yL

e-Health can support healthy aging and help prevent cardiovascular disease and dementia in elderly

(University of Eastern Finland) An innovative e-Health solution, based on an interactive Internet platform, has been developed to support senior citizens in improving their lifestyle to prevent cardiovascular disease, cognitive decline and dementia. Researchers from the HATICE trial presented the solution in a pre-press article published in Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EVBiNU

Data detectives shift suspicions in Alzheimer's from usual suspect to inside villain

(Georgia Institute of Technology) The pursuit of the usual suspect in Alzheimer's research may be distracting from a more direct culprit in the disease, according to a study that analyzed data from 51 published experiments. P-tau looked a good bit more culpable than amyloid-beta plaque.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2FgNOVZ

How political parties influence our beliefs, and what we can do about it

(Cell Press) Fake news is everywhere, but why we believe it is still unclear. Drawing on neuroeconomics research in an Opinion published in Trends in Cognitive Sciences, psychologists suggest that valuing our identity more than our accuracy is what leads us to accept incorrect information that aligns with our political party's beliefs. This value discrepancy can explain why high-quality news sources are no longer enough--and understanding it can help us find strategies to bridge the political divide.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BEXTMs

When it comes to our brains, there's no such thing as normal

(Cell Press) There's nothing wrong with being a little weird. Because we think of psychological disorders on a continuum, we may worry when our own ways of thinking and behaving don't match up with our idealized notion of health. But some variability can be healthy and even adaptive, say researchers in a review published February 20th in Trends in Cognitive Sciences, even though it can also complicate attempts to identify standardized markers of pathology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2EVBqgf

Workplace alcohol not always a perk for recent college grads seeking jobs

(Oregon State University) Offering alcohol to employees in the workplace may be a trendy perk of employment, but it doesn't appear to be an enticement for recent college graduates just entering the workforce, new research published today from Oregon State University shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2BCGSmd

Study: Involving the public in water policies is key to successful municipal water systems

(Portland State University) Informing residents about local water issues and involving them in local water policies are the keys to building healthy and resilient city water systems, according to a Portland State University study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sIcZOw

Alexa, how do word senses evolve?

(Lehigh University) A paper called 'Algorithms in the historical emergence of word senses'--that appears online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)--is the first to look at 1,000 years of English development and detect the kinds of algorithms that human minds have used to extend existing words to new senses of meaning. This kind of 'reverse engineering' of how human language has developed could have implications for natural language processing by machines.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2Ca0uiM