New teen drivers 3 times as likely to be involved in a deadly crash

(AAA) The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety's latest study analyzes crash rates per mile driven for all drivers and found that for every mile on the road, drivers ages 16-17 are three times as likely as adults to be involved in a deadly crash.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sgy4eP

Tourists risk animal bites by misreading wild monkey facial expressions as 'kisses'

(University of Lincoln) Wildlife tourists frequently mistaking animals' warnings of aggression for 'smiles' and 'kisses', leading to welfare problems for primates and risk of injury for people -- and educational tools such as 2-D images and information signs like those found in zoos or animal parks aren't effective at improving recognition, according to a new study by a team of behavioral ecologists and psychologists.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rGir3h

Health care process a roadblock for adolescents with autism and their caregivers

(University of Missouri-Columbia) Nancy Cheak-Zamora, assistant professor of health sciences at MU, says that as more children with autism enter adulthood, improved communication between providers, adolescents and caregivers is needed to help those with autism make adult health care decisions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sfgF64

Young adult substance abuse down 42 percent among PROSPER program participants

(Penn State) Children who participated in the PROSPER (PROmoting School-community-university Partnerships to Enhance Resilience) program over seven years ago showed lower rates of substance abuse after high school graduation, according to a new study conducted by researchers from Pennsylvania State and Iowa State Universities and published in a recent issue of Psychological Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rld4Dr

Supportive housing improves health of formerly homeless people with HIV/AIDS

(University at Buffalo) Ask Elizabeth Bowen about the intersection of homelessness and HIV/AIDS in the United States and she'll respond without hesitation, 'Housing equals health.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qGWKL7

Support for tidal energy is high among Washington residents

(University of Washington) A new University of Washington study found that people who believe climate change is a problem and see economic, environmental and/or social benefits to using tidal energy are more likely to support such projects. This is the first US study to look broadly at residents' beliefs and feelings about tidal energy and one of only a few worldwide to take a social science approach to examining this young industry.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rFAh6n

Storytime a 'turbocharger' for a child's brain

(Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center) Evidence shows benefits of shared reading may improve literacy and brain development.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2setbCX

Visual recognition memory impaired after multiple exposures to anesthesia during infancy

(The Mount Sinai Hospital / Mount Sinai School of Medicine) Repeated exposure to a common anesthesia drug early in life results in visual recognition memory impairment, which emerges after the first year of life and may persist long-term, according to a study from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and published online May 31 in The British Journal of Anaesthesia.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rbTUl3

Social emotional learning interventions show promise, warrant further study

(Oregon State University) Developing a child's social and emotional learning skills in early childhood is seen as a key to the child's success in school, but researchers are still working to understand which interventions most effectively boost those skills.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rbFaCA

Horses masticate similarly to ruminants

(University of Zurich) In contrast to ruminants, horses chew their food only once -- but with the same regu-lar, rhythmic movements as cows, who ruminate their food after eating, as demon-strated by researchers at the University of Zurich and the ETH Zurich.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qGzA7R

How our brains integrate online reviews into our own product preferences

(University College London) UCL researchers have identified how the human brain integrates social information when a person decides how much they like something, by studying how user reviews on Amazon influence how people rate the products.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rbMfDl

Penn study links heart rate to gender gap in criminal offending

(University of Pennsylvania) A new study from the University of Pennsylvania published in the journal Criminology, addresses the incomplete understanding of why males are more criminal than females by examining gender differences in biological functioning and behavior. It is the first study to demonstrate that men's lower resting heart rate partly explains the higher rate of criminal offending.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qB2zyT

Half of adults with anxiety or depression report chronic pain

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) In a survey of adults with anxiety or a mood disorder like depression or bipolar disorder, about half reported experiencing chronic pain, according to researchers at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2seuWjw

New in the Hastings Center Report May-June 2017

(The Hastings Center) Are opioid treatment agreements ethical? With "synthetic embryos" on the horizon, how to rethink the 14-day rule? Special report on presidential bioethics commissions, and more in the May-June 2017 issue. (http://ift.tt/2qB1dUs)

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rkFZaz

Wearable system helps visually impaired users navigate

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Researchers from MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) have developed a new system that uses a 3-D camera, a belt with separately controllable vibrational motors distributed around it, and an electronically reconfigurable Braille interface to give visually impaired users more information about their environments.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sebAei

Pay $8 for a Buddha-shaped pear foolish or fun? Your age may predict your answer

(University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences) Square watermelons, star- and heart-shaped cucumbers, and even Buddha-shaped pears can be found in some grocery store produce bins. Who buys them? And why? A recent University of Illinois study found younger consumers with an eye for adventure are more likely to purchase these avant-garde fruits

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qAZ5wb

Kids in high-achieving schools: Addiction down the road?

(Arizona State University) They have what most would want -- affluent upwardly mobile parents, living in comfortable homes in the suburbs, going to an elite high school and being groomed for the nation's best colleges. But these 'privileged' American high schoolers can be at high risk for problematic substance abuse across early adulthood, according to new research from Arizona State University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rF2DOa

High blood sugar following surgery common, increases risk of complications

(University of Missouri-Columbia) High blood sugar, also known as hyperglycemia, occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin to turn blood glucose into energy. Although high blood sugar usually only affects diabetics, hyperglycemia has been associated with poorer outcomes for patients undergoing surgical procedures. A recent study by University of Missouri School of Medicine researchers found that following surgery for artery disease of the legs, hyperglycemia can cause complications, increased hospitalizations and mortality for all patients -- even those who are not diabetic.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2seogBO

Internet withdrawal increases heart rate and blood pressure

(Swansea University) Scientists and clinicians from Swansea and Milan have found that some people who use the internet a lot experience significant physiological changes such as increased heart rate and blood pressure when they finish using the internet.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sedg7z

Texas A&M research suggests strokes may cause increased preference for alcohol

(Texas A&M University) Brain changes after stroke may lead to increase in alcohol-seeking behavior, at least in animal models, according to research published Wednesday in the journal Scientific Reports.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2se1I42

Building mental toughness off the field -- it's all about practice

(University of Miami) By the end of each academic semester, most college students struggle with a drop in attention spans and increased stress, especially student-athletes. Athletes know dedicated practice and physical training lead to excellence. Much less is known about mental training to deal with the psychological pressures of competitive athletics. One form of mental training, involving mindfulness, trains participants to focus attention on the present moment and observe one's thoughts and feelings without emotional reactivity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rEPFzN

American Muslim women report depression linked to internalized stigma and abuse

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A new study of Muslim women in the US found a significant association between heightened vigilance, as a measure of internalized stigma, and increased risk for depression.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2see7VB

Web-based search data is a new key to understanding public reaction to major events

(Indiana University) Analyzing millions of internet searches tied to major societal events offers a new way to understand public reaction to those events, according to new research from the Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qFL4IO

Lingering risk of suicide after discharge from psychiatric facilities

(The JAMA Network Journals) A study that synthesized more than 50 years of research into suicide rates for patients after discharge from psychiatric facilities suggests the immediate period after discharge was a time of marked risk and that the risk remained high years after discharge, according to a new article published by JAMA Psychiatry.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2smHcOe

Immunotherapy with DNA vaccine shows promise for HPV-related head and neck cancer

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) A novel vaccine therapy can generate immune responses in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCCa), according to researchers at the Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania. The treatment specifically targets human papillomavirus (HPV), which is frequently associated with HNSCCa, to trigger the immune response. Researchers will present the results of their pilot study during the 2017 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting in Chicago (Abstract #6073).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sdHzLx

Women 'damned either way' on maternity leave

(University of Exeter) Women are judged negatively if they choose to take maternity leave -- and if they don't -- new research suggests.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rb8v01

With $58M grant, University of Michigan researchers will push health research forward with community's help

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) The next big idea to help people with cancer, heart disease, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, depression or other conditions could be bubbling up right now in a University of Michigan research lab. Or it might be a new idea in the mind of a U-M doctor, scientist, healthcare professional, graduate student or patient.Now, U-M has received a $58 million grant to help those ideas move forward, with Michiganders of all ages and backgrounds as partners.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qFOVWa

Uber and Kazan University name Saint-Petersburg the most 'taxi-abundant' city in Russia

(Kazan Federal University) The results showed that Saint-Petersburg has 7 taxis per 1,000 inhabitants. Following Russia's northern capital are Yekaterinburg with 5.9 and Kazan with 5.7 cars per 1,000.Moscow is only fourth with 4.8 taxis. In comparison, London and New York have about 12 per 1,000 population, said Uber representatives.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rkdsC5

Bed bugs: Proactive pest management critical in multi-unit housing

(Entomological Society of America) Amid the persistent threat of bed bug infestations in multi-unit housing, the best advice for property owners, managers, and tenants looking to avoid the pests is the same advice that applies to many other afflictions: an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. So says an extensive review of existing research into management strategies for bed bugs, published this week in the Journal of Integrated Pest Management.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rofX8A

Think you know how to improve your memory? Think again

(Canadian Association for Neuroscience) Research from Katherine Duncan at the University of Toronto suggests we may have to rethink how we improve memory. She has found our brains have particular states known as formation and recall. Optimal formation is best achieved when accompanied by novelty whereas familiarity leads to a recall state, hindering the goal. Duncan hopes these findings will one day help us to improve our memories and possibly offer insight into why diseases involving memory loss happen.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qGayWq

Paleobiologists make intriguing new discoveries about dinosaurs' ancestors

(Kazan Federal University) Dinosaurs' closest ancestors were at the base of the bird branch. Many scientists have pictured them in a somewhat chicken-like shape, bipedal, quite quick and agile in comparison with crocodiles. By slowly evolving their forelimbs into wings they finally became birds. However, this logical construct was recently upended by the international group which found a new candidate for an early dinosaurs' predecessor. It was Teleocrater rhadinus whose bone fragments were discovered in Tanzania in the 1930s.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2ro7EJS

Oxytocin reduces cravings for methamphetamine

(Elsevier) Many people have suggested that addiction hijacks the body's natural drives in the service of compulsive drug use. A new study now suggests that hijacking another natural system in the brain may help overcome drug addiction. Published in Biological Psychiatry, the study shows that administration of oxytocin -- a naturally occurring molecule well known for its role in social bonding and childbirth -- reduces drug-seeking behavior in methamphetamine-addicted rats.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rEtXvN

The fairer -- The greener

(University of Freiburg) Researchers establish link between unequal income distribution and the economic value of nature.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sdTn0o

Take control to become a better parent

(Frontiers) A new study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, found that a parent's outlook on life can have a profound influence on the behavior of their child.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rEqYDv

From terrestrial and marine bioresources and wastes to value-added products

(Bentham Science Publishers) One of the main objectives of bio-based economy is to provide end markets with a wide selection of bio-based products.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sdOUL3

Take a look, and you'll see, into your imagination

(Kyoto University) Using fMRI signals and Deep Neural Network AI, researchers decode and predict what a subject is seeing or imagining.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rEnO2E

Sharing voluntarily makes young kids happy

(Frontiers) These findings, published in Frontiers in Psychology, provide fascinating insights into the psychology of preschool age children, and the first evidence that sharing under social norms is less emotionally rewarding than sharing voluntarily.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2raYcJj

Overhead signs on freeways: Are drivers being told too much?

(Queensland University of Technology) The growing trend to install multiple road signs at the same location along Australian freeways might be practical and cost-effective but is it safe? A new QUT study, published in Transportation Research has looked at the impact of locating up to three signs on a freeway gantry (bridge-like overhead structure) and found driving performance is not affected and drivers are able to respond safely to an emergency situation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2raXeNk

The true power of China's think tanks

(World Scientific) In his latest book--The Power of Ideas: The Rising Influence of Thinkers and Think Tanks in China, The Brookings Institution's John L. Thornton China Center Director Cheng Li analyzes factors contributing to the rapid rise of Chinese think tanks, and the complexities of the interactions between the government and think tanks in China's policymaking.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rb6eBT

Family support moderates college students' feelings of loneliness, suicide

(University of Michigan) When college students feel isolated and disconnected, support from family members can keep them from harming themselves during difficult times, according to a new University of Michigan study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rjOjY7

Queen's researchers make breakthrough discovery in fight against bowel cancer

(Queen's University Belfast) New research led by Queen's University Belfast has discovered how a genomic approach to understanding bowel (colorectal) cancer could improve the prognosis and quality of life for patients.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rnkQyS

Reading to therapy dogs improves literacy attitudes in second-grade students

(Tufts University) Second-grade students who read aloud to dogs in an afterschool program demonstrated improved attitudes about reading, according to researchers at Tufts Institute for Human-Animal Interaction at Tufts University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qEwxx3

Study shows big smart meter investment yielded 'very small' electricity savings

(University of Waterloo) Researchers at the University of Waterloo compared data for nine months before and nine months after time-of-use rates were introduced in November 2011 by an unidentified distribution company with more than 20,000 household customers in southwestern Ontario.Using advanced statistical tools to factor out the impact of weather differences, their analysis showed residential demand for electricity dropped just 2.6 percent during on-peak periods and 2.4 percent during mid-peak periods following the change.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2r9M4sg

Obesity can lead to more severe hot flashes and other menopause symptoms

(The North American Menopause Society (NAMS)) Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), such as hot flashes and night sweats, cause serious discomfort in many women at menopause. Studies show a higher frequency of VMS in women who gain weight during the postmenopause period, and the effect of obesity on VMS has been studied for many years. A new study finds that hot flashes are associated with a higher body mass index (BMI). The details were published online today in Menopause, the journal of The North American Menopause Society (NAMS).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qEBAO5

Survey finds men don't talk about their family health history risks

(MediaSource) New survey finds 4 out of 5 men have never talked to a family member about sexual health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2r9NbrT

Drug believed to reduce postoperative pain and delirium does neither

(Washington University School of Medicine) Anesthesiologists routinely give surgery patients low doses of the drug ketamine to blunt postoperative pain and reduce the need for opioid drugs. Recent research even has suggested ketamine might protect older patients from postsurgical delirium and confusion. But an international, multicenter trial led by investigators at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and the University of Michigan has found that ketamine does neither.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qxtqvo

Blocking TB germs' metabolic 'escape pathways' may be key to better, shorter treatment

(Oregon State University) New research suggests the bacteria that cause tuberculosis alter their metabolism to combat exposure to antimicrobials, and that these metabolic 'escape pathways' might be neutralized by new drugs to shorten the troublesome duration of therapy.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rCho42

Women underrepresented in philosophy journals, data reveals

(Binghamton University) Women are underrepresented in philosophy journals, even when compared to their already low rate of representation among faculty, according to new research from Binghamton University, State University of New York.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rku1Qy

Common antioxidant could slow symptoms of aging in human skin

(University of Maryland) New work from the University of Maryland suggests that a common, inexpensive and safe chemical could slow the aging of human skin. The researchers found evidence that the chemical -- an antioxidant called methylene blue -- could slow or reverse several well-known signs of aging when tested in cultured human skin cells and simulated skin tissue. The study was published online in the journal Scientific Reports on May 30, 2017.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2sizF2K

Older mothers have higher rates of severe complications in childbirth

(PLOS) The risk of potentially life-threatening morbidity around childbirth, such as renal failure, obstetric shock, and amniotic fluid embolism, increases in older mothers, according to a study published by Sarka Lisonkova from the University of British Columbia, Canada and colleagues in PLOS Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2siTozj

Study documents opioid abuse following urologic surgery

(Loyola University Health System) About 1 in 1,111 patients who undergo urologic surgery for conditions such as prostate cancer and kidney stones experience opioid dependence or overdose (ODO), a Loyola Medicine study has found. Patients at highest risk for ODO were younger, underwent inpatient surgery, had longer hospital stays, were on Medicaid or Medicare or had a history of depression or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2saxVcC

Awareness, adherence key to improved osteoporosis care

(University of Missouri-Columbia) According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information, approximately 1.5 million Americans suffer osteoporosis-related fractures each year. Although comprehensive care for fragility fractures is available to patients, their understanding of risk factors, treatment adherence and the use of preventive screening remains low. Researchers at the University of Missouri School of Medicine reviewed recent osteoporosis treatment and management options with the goal of preventing complications from the disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qCrRYv

Gender and homicide: Important trends across four decades

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A comprehensive review of four decades of national homicide data show important gender differences and trends among homicide victims and offenders in the U.S., related to prevalence and the characteristics of the crimes and the men and women involved.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qxoW4c

LGBQQ college students face barriers to campus mental health services, study finds

(RAND Corporation) One of the largest-ever mental health surveys of college students finds that while students who identify as being LGBQQ suffer from psychological distress more often than their straight peers, they are more likely to seek help for their mental health problems. But they still face many barriers to using on-campus mental health services, according to the study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rRhqVx

Breakthrough curved sensor could dramatically improve digital camera image quality

(The Optical Society) If you've ever tried to take a picture in a dark restaurant, you know that it is difficult to get a clear, quality image. In the future, cameras might not struggle under these conditions thanks to a newly developed method for spherically curving the flat image sensors found in today's digital cameras.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rgb67r

Violence against conflict-affected teenage girls in Africa is widespread

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) A majority of displaced adolescent girls are victimized by violence, according to a new study in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Ethiopia by researchers at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health. The study, published in the Journal of Global Health, provides new details on the forms of violence affecting adolescent girls in humanitarian settings, and for the first time, predictors of violence, often perpetrated by family members and intimate partners.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rgiKyp

Assessing and addressing the impact of childhood trauma

(Frontiers) People experiencing psychosis become more prone to experiencing unusual thoughts, beliefs, and experiences that make it harder to distinguish reality. For some people experiencing childhood trauma is linked to psychosis. A recent review, published in Frontiers in Psychiatry by Dr. Danessa Mayo and colleagues offers a model of the trauma-psychosis risk cycle that results from experiencing childhood trauma. In this model early childhood trauma interacts with a child's genetic vulnerability and propels some children toward psychosis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qvQmLQ

Study identifies factors that lead to greater college success

(Rice University) Researchers identify three competencies most frequently showed evidence of supporting students' college persistence and success, as measured by grades, retention and graduation: A sense of belonging, a growth mindset and personal goals and values.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2shP97b

Just ask: Documenting sexual orientation and gender identity among transgender patients

(Society for Academic Emergency Medicine) Transgender patients feel it is more important for health care providers to know their gender identity (GI) than their sexual orientation (SO), but are willing to disclose SO/GI in general.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rjxWNt

Springs were critical water sources for early humans in East Africa, Rutgers study finds

(Rutgers University) About 1 to 2 million years ago, early humans in East Africa periodically faced very dry conditions, with little or no water in sight. But they likely had access to hundreds of springs that lingered despite long dry spells, allowing our ancestors to head north and out of Africa, according to a groundbreaking study by scientists at Rutgers University-New Brunswick and other institutions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rBiNIj

The first genome data from ancient Egyptian mummies

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) An international team, led by researchers from the University of Tuebingen and the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, successfully recovered ancient DNA from Egyptian mummies dating from approximately 1400 BCE to 400 CE, including the first genome-wide nuclear data, establishing ancient Egyptian mummies as a reliable of ancient DNA. The study, published today in Nature Communications, found that modern Egyptians share more ancestry with Sub-Saharan Africans than ancient Egyptians did.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rfQHPN

Groundwater 'pit stops' enabled survival and migration of our ancient ancestors

(Cardiff University) An international team led by a researcher at Cardiff University believe that the movement of our ancestors across East Africa was shaped by the locations of groundwater springs.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2qvMiv4

The first genome data from ancient Egyptian mummies

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) An international team, led by researchers from the University of Tuebingen and the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, successfully recovered ancient DNA from Egyptian mummies dating from approximately 1400 BCE to 400 CE, including the first genome-wide nuclear data, establishing ancient Egyptian mummies as a reliable of ancient DNA. The study, published today in Nature Communications, found that modern Egyptians share more ancestry with Sub-Saharan Africans than ancient Egyptians did.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2rfQHPN

Does stress lead to lengthier periods of sick leave?

(Deutsches Aerzteblatt International) The duration of a person's unfitness for work is determined by more than his/her primary diagnosis. Patients often report psychological problems and a feeling of being burnt out. Antonius Schneider and colleagues analyzed whether an association exists between such psychological symptoms and the length of sick leave, even if patients received their sick note because of purely physical symptoms, such as back pain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2s9QQEp

Body- and sex related problems are separate from other forms of psychological problems

(Academy of Finland) Body- and sex related problems constitute a distinct group of psychological ailments that is most common in middle aged women, according to scientific research. The project was financed by the Academy of Finland.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rjorOf

Cigarette damage to unborn children revealed in stem cell study

(University of Edinburgh) Chemicals found in cigarette smoke have been shown to damage foetal liver cells. Researchers - led by the University of Edinburgh -- have developed a novel way to study the effects of maternal smoking on liver tissue using embryonic stem cells.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rjpRZ6

Hunting can help European ecosystems

(Springer) Hunting as an outdoor activity is underrated in how it helps nature and society to regulate problem animal overpopulations. Such is the case for Europe's wild boar Sus scrofa, according to Spanish researchers from the IREC institute (UCLM and CSIC), and Principado de Asturias, published in Springer's European Journal of Wildlife Research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2shMIRY

Your sex life is only as old as you feel

(University of Waterloo) The closer you feel to your actual age, the less likely you are to be satisfied with your sex life, a University of Waterloo study has found.The study looked at the attitudes of sex and aging of a group of 1,170 adults from their mid-40s to their mid-70s over a 10-year period.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rAKd0U

Keep your balance -- even in old age

(Kiel University) Balance problems when standing and walking are ubiquitous in the older population. To date, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments have produced limited results. This need is the focus of the Innovative Training Network (ITN) 'Keep Control,' through funding provided by the European Commission of more than €3 million over the next four years, as a Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant under the 'Horizon 2020' research and innovation program. Approximately half a million euros goes to Kiel University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rAYcUD

Charismatic leaders: Too much of a good thing?

(American Psychological Association) How important is charisma in a leader? While at least a moderate level is important, too much may hinder a leader's effectiveness, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qw4tkh

Too much stress for the mother affects the baby through amniotic fluid

(University of Zurich) If the mother is stressed over a longer period of time during pregnancy, the concentration of stress hormones in amniotic fluid rises, as proven by an interdisciplinary team of researchers from the University of Zurich. Short-term stress situations, however, do not seem to have an unfavorable effect on the development of the fetus.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rQTSAj

Quest for drought-resistant chickpea could benefit poor farmers

(University of Edinburgh) Scientists are seeking to develop chickpeas that can flourish in dry climates, to help some of the world's poorest farmers reliably grow the staple crop.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qxx0lb

Children at Swedish 'gender-neutral' preschools are less likely to gender-stereotype

(Uppsala University) A new study from Uppsala University in Sweden has indicated that the norm-conscious practices used by teachers at preschools termed 'gender-neutral' are associated with reductions in children's tendencies to make gender-stereotypical assumption. The practices are also associated with children's increased interest in playing with unfamiliar peers of the opposite sex.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rfNM9A

Tobacco hybrid emits low-toxicant, e-cig-like vapor with enhanced flavor

(R&D at British American Tobacco) Chemical analysis has revealed no detectable difference between the vapours produced by an e-cigarette and a novel tobacco hybrid, (iFuse). Previous research revealed that the levels of nearly all tested toxicants in Vype ePen vapour are much lower than in cigarette smoke. The Royal College of Physicians is among those who say that smokers should switch to e-cigarettes to reduce harm and help them quit smoking. However, some consumers say that they want more tobacco taste.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rg2TzZ

AHCA could jeopardize health coverage for young adults, study suggests

(Boston Children's Hospital) As the US Senate takes up the proposed American Health Care Act (AHCA), a large study provides evidence that eliminating the individual mandate could jeopardize health care coverage for young adults.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2r6gYSc

Mobile technology and child and adolescent development

(Society for Research in Child Development) A new special section of Child Development shows how particularly diverse the use of mobile technology is among children and adolescents, and points to great complexity in the effects of that usage.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qAKfkv

Stopping drug abuse can reverse related heart damage

(American College of Cardiology) Quitting methamphetamine use can reverse the damage the drug causes to the heart and improve heart function in abusers when combined with appropriate medical treatment, potentially preventing future drug-related cases of heart failure or other worse outcomes, according to a study published today in JACC: Heart Failure.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2seE4E0

Connecting the dots between dreams and brain disease

(Canadian Association for Neuroscience) Dr. John Peever from University of Toronto has unveiled a connection between sleep disorders and neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson's Disease. His work reveals REM-active neurons are responsible for turning on and off dreaming. Dysfunction in these cells, called REM sleep behavior disorder is associated in up to 80 percent of the cases with neurodegenerative disorders later in life. Peever hopes to develop an early detection method for these sleep disorders to improve prediction and preventative strategies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rd7DXd

'Heat island' effect could double climate change costs for world's cities

(University of Sussex) Overheated cities face climate change costs at least twice as big as the rest of the world because of the 'urban heat island' effect, new research shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qsqLn1

How self-regulation can help young people overcome setbacks

(Frontiers) In a recent study researchers analyzed whether self-regulation would be a good predictor of resilience. The study shows that helping these young people to bounce back from adversities by acquiring self-regulation skills such as setting goals and adjusting their path after a misstep, equips them better to do well in school and in life.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rO8YX9

Paediatric IBD patients not meeting recommended calcium & vitamin D intake

(Spink Health) The study found that only 26.6% and 21.3% of sufferers were achieving the current recommended intake of calcium and vitamin D respectively. Achieving the correct levels of calcium and vitamin D is essential for developing children, especially for IBD sufferers, as these nutrients play a vital role in bone health and anti-inflammatory treatments.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2s5lpew

Legalizing marijuana will harm health of youth in Canada

(Canadian Medical Association Journal) The federal government's bill C-45 to legalize marijuana in Canada will jeopardize the health of young people and Parliament should vote against it, argues the interim editor-in-chief of CMAJ in an editorial.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rvPIxQ

First Nations, Inuit babies hospitalized more often in first year of life

(Canadian Medical Association Journal) First Nations and Inuit babies were hospitalized much more often in the first year of life compared with non-Indigenous babies, many for preventable illnesses, found a new study of infant hospitalizations in Quebec, Canada, published in CMAJ.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2s5sHP9

World first study reveals increase in premature deaths in Australian nursing homes

(Monash University) The first comprehensive study of deaths in Australian nursing homes has been published today (May 29), revealing a more than 400 percent increase in the incidence of premature and potentially preventable deaths of nursing home residents over the past decade.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qqHmr6

Genomics tracks migration from lost empires to modern cities

(European Society of Human Genetics) New genomic tools are enabling researchers to overturn long-held beliefs about the origins of populations. Until recently, assumptions about origins were based on where people were buried, but this does not take into account the migrations that scientists now know took place thousands of years ago.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2rLYrM6

Mind-controlled device helps stroke patients retrain brains to move paralyzed hands

(Washington University School of Medicine) Stroke patients who learned to use their minds to open and close a plastic brace fitted over their paralyzed hands gained some ability to control their own hands when they were not wearing the brace, according to a new study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. The participants, all of whom had moderate to severe paralysis, showed significant improvement in grasping objects.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rq6LBB

Losing sleep over climate change

(University of California - San Diego) UC San Diego study of US data suggests a sleep-deprived planet by century's end. Researchers show that unusually warm nights can harm human sleep and that the poor and elderly are most affected. Rising temperatures will make sleep loss more severe.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rZ5iPu

Study finds Congo's miners often resort to hunting wildlife for food

(Wildlife Conservation Society) A new study by WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society) has revealed how mining for valuable minerals in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a major driving factor in the illegal hunting of great apes and other wildlife for food.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rHm2xt

Ontario town's 10-year, $2.7 million effort to save endangered turtles offers global lessons, template

(Terry Collins Assoc) With C$2.7 million in government and private funding from Canada and the US, a 10-year community-led project on the north shore of Lake Erie has dramatically reduced roadkill on a thoroughfare running through a UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve. A new paper estimates 89 percent fewer turtles and 28 percent fewer snakes now venture onto Ontario's Long Point Causeway, an important achievement in protecting at-risk species offering a model for other communities worldwide.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2s4kfPq

People match confidence levels to make decisions in groups

(University College London) When trying to make a decision with another person, people tend to match their confidence levels, which can backfire if one person has more expertise than the other, finds a new study led by UCL and University of Oxford researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qnyaQh

New £3.5 million microscope and ion accelerator now operational

(University of Huddersfield) THE completion of a £3.5 million research facility means that the University of Huddersfield is established as one of Europe's leading centres for the use of ion beams as a tool for the investigation of issues ranging from nuclear technology and nanoparticles to semiconductors and the effects of radiation exposure on materials in space.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rYfMOX

Dog skull study reveals genetic changes linked to face shape

(University of Edinburgh) A study of dog DNA has revealed a genetic mutation linked to flat face shapes such as those seen in pugs and bulldogs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qW2296

Coroners unable to agree on what caused a person's death

(University of Huddersfield) A FORMER top detective turned University of Huddersfield researcher has published his findings that coroners in England and Wales are seemingly unable to agree on what caused a person's death or whether it merits an inquest, even when faced with identical case information.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qqOAGK

Venetian physician had a key role in shaping early modern chemistry

(University of Exeter) Newly discovered notes show for the first time the Venetian doctor who invented the thermometer and helped lay the foundations for modern medical treatment also played a key role in shaping our understanding of chemistry.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qWkKxi

Laptops and tablets in the classroom: How to integrate electronic devices in the university

(University of Seville) For the authors, the high correlation between student tablet use and greater activity on social networks is worrying. They define this devices as a double-edged sword, as they can be the Trojan horse in which online entertainment invades the classroom in a massive way.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qmKNuY

Selection process completed: 360 young economists at the 6th Lindau Meeting on Economic Sciences

(Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings) 360 young economists from 66 nations will participate in the 6th Lindau Meeting on Economic Sciences together with Laureates of the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. The meeting will take place on Aug. 22-26, 2017 in Lindau, Germany, on Lake Constance.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qqWPCL

Millions in funding for TU Dresden

(Technische Universität Dresden) The German Research Foundation approves three Collaborative Research Centres -- a new CRC in Humanities explores the phenomena of vituperations and insults.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qWgL3Q

Vitamin D in pregnancy may help prevent childhood asthma

(King's College London) A new study published today in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology has found that taking Vitamin D supplements in pregnancy can positively modify the immune system of the newborn baby, which could help to protect against asthma and respiratory infections, a known risk factor for developing asthma in childhood.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rGNDPn

Statins associated with improved heart structure and function

(European Society of Cardiology) Statins are associated with improved heart structure and function, according to research presented today at EuroCMR 2017. The benefits were above and beyond the cholesterol lowering effect of statins.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qn9DuF

Diesel pollution linked to heart damage

(European Society of Cardiology) Diesel pollution is linked with heart damage, according to research presented today at EuroCMR 2017.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qiLrO3

Researchers develop faster and cheaper cardiac imaging test for developing countries

(European Society of Cardiology) Researchers in the UK and Peru have developed a faster and cheaper cardiac imaging test that can be used in developing countries, according to the results of the INCA-Peru study presented today at EuroCMR 2017. The scan is three times faster, less than one-fifth of the cost, and changed clinical management in 33 percent of patients.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2r2kTO1

Penn Medicine's Irene Hurford receives Exemplary Psychiatrist Award

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) Irene Hurford, MD, an assistant professor in the department of Psychiatry, has received a 2017 Exemplary Psychiatrist Award from the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rWxkek

Penn study finds gray matter density increases during adolescence

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) A new study published by Penn Medicine researchers this month and featured on the cover of the Journal of Neuroscience may help resolve this puzzle, revealing that while volume indeed decreases from childhood to young adulthood, gray matter density actually increases.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rniSz9

Genetic test for anal cancer could identify those at high risk

(Queen Mary University of London) A new test, based on a patient's epigenetics, could be an accurate and inexpensive way to find and treat those at highest risk of anal cancer -- a disease with growing incidence in women, men who have sex with men (MSM) and people with HIV.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qkTiqw

Children at increased risk of suicide

(University of Leeds) Teenagers injured through drinking, drug abuse or self-harming have a five-fold increased risk of dying from suicide in the next decade.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2s0KeHF

Balancing rights and responsibilities in insurers' access to genetic test results

(European Society of Human Genetics) At the annual conference of the European Society of Human Genetics tomorrow (Saturday), Anya Prince, J.D. M.P.P., a postdoctoral research associate at the Centre for Genomics and Society, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA, will present results of her study comparing the regulation of life insurers' use of genetic information in the UK, Canada, and Australia.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rEJTOf

Government transparency limited when it comes to America's conserved private lands

(University of Wisconsin-Madison) A new study led by researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison examined why private-land conservation data is sometimes inaccessible and found that limited capacity within some federal agencies as well as laws prohibiting others from disclosing certain information are to blame.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2r2k3CZ

Bouldering envisioned as new treatment for depression

(University of Arizona) UA researcher Eva-Maria Stelzer and her colleagues involved more than 100 individuals in a bouldering intervention in Germany, where some hospitals have begun to use climbing as a therapeutic treatment. The team found the social, mental and physical endurance of bouldering could be successful psychotherapy for treating depression in adults. Stelzer co-led the team, based in Germany, with Katharina Luttenberger of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qoOv6i

ATS 2017 Wrap-up: Rapid sepsis treatment, predicting mortality after the ICU and more

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) Thousands of critical care and pulmonology specialists from across the world gathered this week for the American Thoracic Society International Conference in Washington, D.C., to share research, medical developments and best practices for patient care. Here, we highlight a few standouts.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qTW74A

Look at Eva, 4 months old and standing

(Norwegian University of Science and Technology) Both the literature and practice indicate that children can stand without support starting at around 9 months old."But with some training, children can stand much sooner than that, even before they're 4 months old," says Professor Hermundur Sigmundsson at NTNU's Department of Psychology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rlLtVm

Zika infections could be factor in more pregnancies

(University of Wisconsin-Madison) Zika virus infection passes efficiently from a pregnant monkey to its fetus, spreading inflammatory damage throughout the tissues that support the fetus and the fetus's developing nervous system, and suggesting a wider threat in human pregnancies than generally appreciated, University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers have found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qky2ks

US nuclear regulators greatly underestimate potential for nuclear disaster

(Princeton University, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs) The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission relied on faulty analysis to justify its refusal to adopt a critical measure for protecting Americans from nuclear-waste fires at dozens of reactor sites around the country, according to an article in the May 26 issue of Science magazine. Radioactivity from such a fire could force approximately 8 million people to relocate and result in $2 trillion in damages.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rE5J4n

The perils of publishing location data for endangered species

(American Association for the Advancement of Science) While the increasing accessibility of data from scientific studies creates many benefits -- and represents a process that should be broadly embraced -- in the context of conserving endangered species it can actually be problematic, write David Lindenmayer and Ben Scheele in this Essay.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rDXHZn

Mountain honey bees have ancient adaptation for high-altitude foraging

(PLOS) Mountain-dwelling East African honey bees have distinct genetic variations compared to their savannah relatives that likely help them to survive at high altitudes, report Martin Hasselmann of the University of Hohenheim, Germany, Matthew Webster of Uppsala University, Sweden, and colleagues May 25, 2017, in PLOS Genetics.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rDSocm

Penn Medicine researchers identify brain network organization changes

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) In a new study, published this week in Current Biology, a team of University of Pennsylvania researchers report newly mapped changes in the network organization of the brain that underlie those improvements in executive function. The findings could provide clues about risks for certain mental illnesses.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qgaSQu

Marmoset monkeys learn to call the same way human infants learn to babble

(Cell Press) Human social groups have a strange tendency to share responsibility for taking care of infants; parents, older siblings, and other adult relatives all help to nurture babies. The only other primates that take care of infants this way are marmosets, a group of small, highly social monkeys from South America. In another striking parallel to humans, infant marmosets also benefit from frequent feedback while learning their vocal calls, researchers report in Current Biology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rUED6u

Ancient DNA evidence shows hunter-gatherers and farmers were intimately linked

(Cell Press) In human history, the transition from hunting and gathering to farming is a significant one. As such, hunter-gatherers and farmers are usually thought about as two entirely different sets of people. But researchers reporting new ancient DNA evidence in Current Biology on May 25 show that in the area we now recognize as Romania, at least, hunter-gatherers and farmers were living side by side, intermixing with each other, and having children.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rltSgB

Brain images reveal roots of kids' increasing cognitive control

(Cell Press) As children age into adolescence and on into young adulthood, they show dramatic improvements in their ability to control impulses, stay organized, and make decisions. Those 'executive functions' of the brain are key factors in determining outcomes, including educational success, drug use, and psychiatric illness. Now, researchers reporting in Current Biology on May 25 have mapped the changes in the network organization of the brain that underlie those improvements in executive function.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rV89sD

The best teams of the engineering competition 'Capture the Flag' were awarded

(Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University) On May 24, at the plenary session of the International Polytechnic Week, the winners of the students' competition 'Capture the Flag' organized by Siemens LLC with the support of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, were awarded. More than 60 students from various universities of St. Petersburg participated in the competition. Altogether, 11 teams competed in the framework of the event, eight of them successfully reached the finals.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rYM2AP

Expressing genetic interactions through music

(Babraham Institute) An artistic collaboration between musician Max Cooper, visual artist Andy Lomas and researchers from the Babraham Institute in Cambridge has produced a new way to experience the elegance of DNA organization. Chromos captures the microscopic elegance of gene organization using evocative soundscapes.The music is inspired by the research of Dr Csilla Varnai at the Babraham Institute. Her work in computer modelling recreates how genetic information, recorded on DNA, is organised within living cells.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2r0F1SQ

CRKL in 22q11.2; a key gene that contributes to common birth defects

(Baylor College of Medicine) The research findings imply that patients with genitourinary birth defects due to 22q11.2 changes in gene dosage should also be evaluated for other potential birth defects seen in patients with DiGeorge syndrome that would affect the patient's future health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qZY5hV

Aggressive care at end of life for advanced lung cancer patients linked to poorer outcomes

(University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing) For patients with advanced cancer, aggressive care -- chemotherapy, mechanical ventilation, acute hospitalizations and intensive care unit admissions -- at the end of life is commonplace. Yet until now, little is known about the relationship between patients' and families' satisfaction with this aggressive care within the last 30 days of life.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qT5m53

Study finds tai chi significantly reduces depression symptoms in Chinese-Americans

(Massachusetts General Hospital) A Massachusetts General Hospital study finds that a 12-week program of instruction and practice of the Chinese martial art tai chi led to significantly reduced symptoms of depression in Chinese-Americans not receiving any other treatments.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rl35Rz

Scientists to probe dolphin intelligence using an interactive touchpad

(Rockefeller University) Using optical technology specifically developed for this project, dolphins at the National Aquarium in Baltimore, MD, are at the center of research from an interdisciplinary team from Hunter College and Rockefeller University. The system involves an underwater computer touchscreen through which dolphins are able to interact and make choices. The system, the first of its kind, will be used to investigate dolphin intelligence and communication by providing them choice and control over a number of activities.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rYGvKL

How fear can develop out of others' traumas

(Karolinska Institutet) What happens in the brain when we see other people experiencing a trauma or being subjected to pain? Well, the same regions that are involved when we feel pain ourselves are also activated when we observe other people who appear to be going through some painful experience. This is shown in a study from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden published in Nature Communications.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qZQ4tt

How to prevent lying and drinking in teens, according to research

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Adolescents who have a greater tendency to lie to their parents are also more likely to start using alcohol at an earlier age, while excessive parental supervision may aggravate rather than solve the problem. Both honesty and a lower risk of developing a drinking habit are usually the result of a trusting relationship between a teenager and parents, according to a joint study by New York University and HSE researchers, published at Journal of Adolescence.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qfM0Iw

Safe space for illegal drug consumption in Baltimore would save $6 million a year

(Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health) A new cost-benefit analysis conducted by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and others suggests that $6 million in costs related to the opioid epidemic could be saved each year if a single 'safe consumption' space for illicit drug users were opened in Baltimore.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2r0deQA

New study finds lean pork fits in a balanced eating plan for weight loss and healthy aging

(Weber Shandwick Chicago) Including nutrient-rich lean pork as part of a weight-loss diet could help women achieve their weight-loss success and improve their ability to get around, according to new research published in Current Developments in Nutrition.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2r0mBBB

Dads show gender biases, in both brain responses and behaviors toward toddlers

(Emory Health Sciences) A toddler's gender influences the brain responses as well as the behavior of fathers -- from how attentive they are to their child, to the types of language that they use and the play that they engage in, a new study by Emory University finds.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rUhjFS

Fathers' brains respond differently to daughters than sons

(American Psychological Association) Fathers with toddler daughters are more attentive and responsive to those daughters' needs than fathers with toddler sons are to the needs of those sons, according to brain scans and recordings of the parents' daily interactions with their kids.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rkHd8J

Do men have worse chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy than women?

(European Society of Cardiology) Men seem to have worse chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy than women despite receiving similar cancer treatments, according to research presented today at EuroCMR 2017.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qZ5ct9

New research proves the 'migrant work ethic' exists, in the short term

(University of Bath) The research shows that migrant workers are over three times less likely to be absent from work than native UK workers, a measure which economists equate with work ethic. The enhanced migrant work effort was found to be a temporary phenomenon lasting for approximately two years from their arrival in the UK, after which migrant workers' absence converged with levels recorded by native UK workers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qYPYVc

Resetting balance in reward centers may help treat alcohol addiction

(Elsevier) The human brain functions on a delicate balance of reinforcing positive behaviors and suppressing negative ones, which takes place in the dorsal striatum, a brain region critical for goal-directed behavior and implicated in drug and alcohol addiction.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rX2ZM4

No evidence that brain-stimulation technique boosts cognitive training

(Association for Psychological Science) Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) -- a non-invasive technique for applying electric current to areas of the brain -- may be growing in popularity, but new research suggests that it probably does not add any meaningful benefit to cognitive training. The study is published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qYFAg1

From blue and black dresses to turbine blades -- here's the science of 'fake fake' photographs

(University of Lincoln) A new study reveals the science behind a 'trick of the light' that made high-profile photographs of a major piece of public art appear 'faked' despite the pictures being entirely genuine. Vision science researchers found images of the 75-meter long wind turbine appeared super-imposed because of a visual illusion caused by light reflections playing on preconceived notions about how objects are lit in natural settings, altering the object's shape to the human eye.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2riU2jY

South Sudan wildlife surviving civil war, but poaching and trafficking threats increase

(Wildlife Conservation Society) The first aerial assessment of the impact of South Sudan's current civil war on the country's wildlife and other natural resources shows that significant wildlife populations have so far survived, but poaching and commercial wildlife trafficking are increasing, as well as illegal mining, timber harvesting and charcoal production, the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) said in a report issued today.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qd3mWA

Grant to fund research of microplastics in Delaware Bay

(University of Delaware) University of Delaware researchers have received funding to study the distribution and concentration of microplastics in the Delaware Bay. This small debris can cause problems in the aquatic food chain. The UD team is hoping their findings can help government regulators shape new policy to protect the environment.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rip6QS

Brain anatomy differs in people with 22q genetic risk for schizophrenia, autism

(University of California - Los Angeles) Study characterizes, for the first time, brain differences between people with a specific genetic risk for schizophrenia and those at risk for autism, and the findings could help explain the biological underpinnings of these neuropsychiatric disorders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qd2npg

FAU archeologist involved in groundbreaking discovery of early human life in ancient Peru

(Florida Atlantic University) A-tisket, a-tasket. You can tell a lot from a basket. Especially if it's from ancient ruins of a civilization inhabited by humans 15,000 years ago. An archeologist is among the team who made a groundbreaking discovery in coastal Peru -- home to one of the earliest pyramids in South America. Thousands of artifacts, including elaborate hand-woven baskets, show that early humans in that region were a lot more advanced than originally thought and had very complex social networks.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2rRrkUk

Ochre use by Middle Stone Age humans in Porc-Epic cave persisted over thousands of years

(PLOS) Middle Stone Age humans in the Porc-Epic cave likely used ochre over at least 4,500 years, according to a study published May 24, 2017 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Daniela Rosso from the University of Barcelona, Spain, and the University of Bordeaux, France, and colleagues.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2rRwlfM

Nearly 500 dupporters joined ATS rally on Capitol Hill: Lab coats for lungs

(American Thoracic Society) In an ATS 2017 International Conference first, respiratory health professionals and patients joined other conference attendees at a rally near the Capitol on Tuesday, May 23 to voice their concerns about recent policies that threaten to undermine many of the ATS's advocacy priorities including: research funding, tobacco regulation, affordable health care, and clean air. Also participating in the rally was US senators Edward Markey (D-MA) and Tom Carper (D-DE).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rhP0Eb

Recreational cannabis, used often, increases risk of gum disease

(Columbia University Medical Center) Recreational use of cannabis -- including marijuana, hashish, and hash oil -- increases the risk of gum disease, says a study by Columbia University dental researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rRbWHH

Two types of empathy elicit different health effects, Penn psychologist shows

(University of Pennsylvania) Research led by a University of Pennsylvania psychologist finds that our bodies respond differently depending on the perspective we take when helping someone who is suffering. Stepping into the perspective of the suffering person leads to a health-threatening physiological response, while reflecting on how the suffering person might feel leads to a health-promoting response.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qQ1x0s

Baycrest's VP research awarded ORION Leadership Innovation Award

(Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care) Dr. Randy McIntosh, Vice President of Research at Baycrest and Director of the Rotman Research Institute (RRI), recognized for outstanding innovation through his work leading the Virtual Brain Project.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qkOpNd

New modified toy car designs offer children with disabilities more options

(Oregon State University) Researchers at Oregon State University have developed two new modified toy car designs for children with disabilities in an effort to encourage them to further explore, play, and engage in physical and social activities.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rUW4TF

First-of-its-kind study shows how hand amputation, reattachment affect brain

(University of Missouri-Columbia) Researchers from the University of Missouri have found evidence of specific neurochemical changes associated with lower neuronal health in these brain regions. Further, they report that some of these changes in the brain may persist in individuals who receive hand transplants, despite their recovered hand function.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rQS6Mu

Feinstein Institute presents Cerami Award to Sir Paul Nurse for cancer research

(Northwell Health) Northwell Health's Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Molecular Medicine announced today that the seventh Anthony Cerami Award in Translational Medicine will be awarded to Sir Paul Nurse, Ph.D., director of The Francis Crick Institute.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qWzixe

Mindfulness-focused childbirth education leads to less depression

(University of Wisconsin-Madison) A study this month from researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) shows mindfulness training that addresses fear and pain during childbirth can improve women's childbirth experiences and reduce their depression symptoms during pregnancy and the early postpartum period.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rhx38P

Border walls may pose big challenges to biodiversity -- but smaller ones to humans

(American Institute of Biological Sciences) Walls such as the proposed barrier along the US-Mexico border lead to habitat fragmentation and can close off animal populations by impeding movement.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qgmWgs

Religious devotion as predictor of behavior

(University of Missouri-Columbia) 'Religious Devotion and Extrinsic Religiosity Affect In-group Altruism and Out-group Hostility Oppositely in Rural Jamaica,' suggests that a sincere belief in God -- religious devotion -- is unrelated to feelings of prejudice. Rather, Lynch's research finds that those whose religious beliefs are extrinsic -- who use religion as a way to achieve non-religious goals such as attaining status or joining a social group -- and who regularly attend religious services are more likely to hold hostile attitudes toward outsiders.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2qPxMg2

Religious devotion as predictor of behavior

(University of Missouri-Columbia) 'Religious Devotion and Extrinsic Religiosity Affect In-group Altruism and Out-group Hostility Oppositely in Rural Jamaica,' suggests that a sincere belief in God -- religious devotion -- is unrelated to feelings of prejudice. Rather, Lynch's research finds that those whose religious beliefs are extrinsic -- who use religion as a way to achieve non-religious goals such as attaining status or joining a social group -- and who regularly attend religious services are more likely to hold hostile attitudes toward outsiders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qPxMg2

Noted experts critically evaluate benefits of medical marijuana for treatment of epilepsy

(Elsevier) Although cannabis had been used for many centuries for treatment of seizure disorders, medical use became prohibited in the 20th century. However, with the loosening of laws regarding medical marijuana, research and clinical use of marijuana-derived substances are increasing. This has prompted the editors of Epilepsy & Behavior to produce a special issue that presents an in-depth assessment of the potential of cannabinoids for the effective treatment of epilepsy. Cannabinoids are components of the cannabis plant.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qkmLzN

Does new cash-out option in sports betting increase risk for problem gamblers?

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) The increasingly popular cash-out feature in online sports betting is a game-changer, but instead of just giving gamblers more control over their bets, it may increase the risk of problem gamblers losing control over their wagers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qW4g8T

AGS raises serious concerns on cuts to geriatrics in 2018 budget proposal

(American Geriatrics Society) The American Geriatrics Society voiced deep concern for proposed cuts to geriatrics health professions programs, healthcare research, Medicaid, and a range of services benefiting us all as we age -- all cuts outlined by President Trump in his full budget proposal for Fiscal Year 2018, which begins on Oct. 1, 2017.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qWgwWV

Half of mayoral elections in 6 US states are unopposed

(Rice University) Approximately half of mayoral elections in six US states are unopposed, and unopposed elections are on the rise, according to a report from Houston's Rice University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rTYfGY

Health benefits of moderate drinking may be overstated, study finds

(Penn State) The benefits of light alcohol consumption, as well as the risks associated with not drinking at all, might not be as great as previously thought, according to Penn State researchers who examined the drinking habits of middle-aged adults.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qWshfX

Change at work linked to employee stress, distrust and intent to quit, new survey finds

(American Psychological Association) At a time of change and uncertainty across the country, American adults who have been affected by change at work are more likely to report chronic work stress, less likely to trust their employer and more likely to say they plan to leave the organization within the next year compared with those who haven't been affected by organizational change, according to a survey released by the American Psychological Association.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qVZnwL

New report finds quarter of adults with autism on disability services don't have work or activities

(Drexel University) In its latest annual report, the A.J. Drexel Autism Institute examined a survey of adults who use developmental disability services and found that a significant number with autism are not engaged in work or day activities outside the home.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qVHNbU

Can parents' tech obsessions contribute to a child's bad behavior?

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) About half of parents reported that technology interrupted time with their children three or more times on a typical day.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qglfzJ

Disaster risk management: Science helps save lives

(European Commission Joint Research Centre) Natural and man-made disasters threaten millions of people every year and cause billions of property damage. How much do we know about them? And how can we use that knowledge to save lives and money? A recent report, compiled by the European Commission's Science and Knowledge Service (JRC), seeks to answer these and other questions and to help prepare for the time when disaster strikes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qc3ci9

Atlas of the human planet 2017 -- how exposed are we to natural hazards?

(European Commission Joint Research Centre) The 2017 edition of the JRC Atlas of the Human Planet looks at the exposure of people and built-up areas to the six major natural hazards, and its evolution over the last 40 years. The atlas will be presented during the 2017 Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction meeting in Cancun, Mexico.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qVVKEQ

How listening to music in a group influences depression

(Frontiers) New research published in Frontiers in Psychology takes a closer look at how music influences the mood in people suffering from depression, and examines what factors might affect whether listening to sad music in group settings provides social benefits for listeners, or if it rather reinforces depressive tendencies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rh0ebZ

Establishing palliative care organization and delivery worldwide

(Lancaster University) Emeritus Professor Sheila Payne and Dr. Sean Hughes from Lancaster University have both contributed towards a new book 'Building Integrated Palliative Care Programmes and Services' published by the World Health Organization Palliative Care Initiative.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rQoYVQ

New Springer book: Guerilla Science by Ernesto Altshuler

(Springer) Like the ants he studies, author Ernesto Altshuler has thrived by flirting with chaos. Facing challenges became a natural part of Altshuler's way of doing science. He became addicted to it. This book chronicles that addiction, the sense of freedom it gave him and the discoveries he made in experimental physics and the dynamics of social insects. Gallows humor and Altshuler's own cartoons capture the spirit of guerrilla science.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rhdIod

Wiley announces WileyPLUS Student Partner of the Year Award

(Wiley) John Wiley and Sons Inc. announces Jonathan Montano of San Bernardino Valley College, the winner of the WileyPLUS Student Partner of the Year Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rQfxWj

Birds, bees and other critters have scruples, and for good reason

(University of California - Berkeley) Humans are not the only species to show a strong work ethic and scruples. UC Berkeley researchers have found evidence of conscientiousness in insects, reptiles, birds, fish and other critters.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rzX5Ee

Korea's Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute partners with Wiley

(Wiley) John Wiley and Sons, Inc. (NYSE: JWa and JWb) and Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) announced today plans to collaborate on the publication of ETRI Journal.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rzD4gU

New Anaesthesia Workforce Map shows huge shortages impacting 5 billion people worldwide

(World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists) More than 70 countries reported a total anesthesia provider number of less than five per 100,000 population. All except one were low- and middle-income countries.There is a 50-fold difference between the anesthesia provider workforce density in the United States compared with Indonesia despite comparable population sizes.The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery suggests that 2.28 million additional anesthesiologists, surgeons and obstetricians will be needed globally by 2030.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qiUsBJ

Making people feel bad can be a strategy for helping them

(Association for Psychological Science) People may try to make someone else feel negative emotions if they think experiencing those emotions will be beneficial in the long run, according to new research published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. The findings expand on previous research by revealing that people may sometimes seek to induce negative emotions in others for altruistic reasons, not simply for their own pleasure or benefit.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rfijHt

New 'sperm radar' test may uncover secrets about male infertility

(University of Sheffield) Scientists at the University of Sheffield have developed a new technique to examine human sperm without killing them -- helping to improve the diagnosis of fertility problems.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rOK072

Vitamin D supplements could help pain management

(Society for Endocrinology) Vitamin D supplementation combined with good sleeping habits may help manage pain-related diseases. This paper published in the Journal of Endocrinology, reviews published research on the relationship between vitamin D levels, sleep and pain management, and reports that levels of vitamin D combined with good quality sleep could help manage conditions including arthritis, menstrual cramps and chronic back pain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qUcRXx

ACR opposes sweeping healthcare cuts in Trump administration budget

(American College of Rheumatology) The American College of Rheumatology expressed opposition to the Trump Administration's proposed budget cuts to federal programs and institutions that provide critical resources in the fight against rheumatic diseases, including the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP). The rheumatology provider community praised budget proposals to repeal the Independent Payment Advisory Board (IPAB) and to increase funding for Graduate Medical Education (GME) programs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qTljGs

More than play: Can video games train sailors and marines?

(Office of Naval Research) With support from the Office of Naval Research, Dr. Shawn Green, a psychology professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, has partnered with a video game company to build a customized game to determine what specific components of first-person-shooter and other action video games contribute to cognitive improvement.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2reJjXA

South highest, Northeast lowest for child auto fatalities

(UT Southwestern Medical Center) The number of motor vehicle fatalities involving children under age 15 varies widely by state, but occurrences are more common in the South, and are most often associated with improperly or unused restraints and crashes on rural roads, a new review of child-related auto fatalities shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qhaYCx

Recreational cocaine : Brain area involved in addiction activated earlier than thought

(McGill University) Even among non-dependent cocaine users, cues associated with consumption of the drug lead to dopamine release in an area of the brain thought to promote compulsive use, according to researchers at McGill University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rxjT7g

Better science faster

(University of California - Santa Barbara) Scientists at UCSB's NCEAS are transforming how complex marine data from the Ocean Health Index is synthesized, communicated and used for coastal management.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rMZ996

Pope's encyclical boosted his credibility on climate change, especially among liberals

(Annenberg Public Policy Center of the University of Pennsylvania) The Pope's 2015 encyclical on climate change did not directly influence people's beliefs about the seriousness of climate change or its effect on the poor, a study in Cognition has found. The papal message did, however, indirectly influence people's beliefs about climate change by raising the Pope's credibility on that issue, most strongly among liberals.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qSFDYB

Paper: DNA may have only modest impact on sexual assault arrests

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Crime labs' DNA testing may influence arrests in just a small number of sexual assault cases, because most arrests occur before crime lab results are available, suggests a new study led by University of Illinois social work senior research specialist Theodore P. Cross.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qLni15

Study: Street gangs, crime serve as deviant leisure activities for youths

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Street gang membership, criminal activities provide deviant leisure activities for at-risk youths, suggests a new study by University of Illinois researchers Liza Berdychevsky, Kim Shinew and Monika Stodolska.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rdyJQT

2017 Gutenberg Research Award for Karin Knorr Cetina

(Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet Mainz) The Gutenberg Research College of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz granted the 2017 Gutenberg Research Award to Professor Karin Knorr Cetina of the University of Chicago for her pioneering contributions to anthropology, sociology, and interdisciplinary science studies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qgeJYA

Gutenberg Research College welcomes new fellows and presents 2017 Gutenberg Research Award

(Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet Mainz) The Gutenberg Research College of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz granted the 2017 Gutenberg Research Award worth EUR 10,000 to sociologist and anthropologist Professor Karin Knorr Cetina of the University of Chicago and welcomed seven new fellows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qLsXV1

Lawson and Western researchers suggest dual gait testing as early predictor of dementia

(Lawson Health Research Institute) In a new study, researchers at Lawson Health Research Institute and Western University are demonstrating that gait, or motion testing, while simultaneously performing a cognitively demanding task can be an effective predictor of progression to dementia and eventually help with earlier diagnosis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rdsb4w

UT study shows snakes, thought to be solitary eaters, coordinate hunts

(University of Tennessee at Knoxville) Snakes, although as social as birds and mammals, have long been thought to be solitary hunters and eaters. A new study from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, shows that some snakes coordinate their hunts to increase their chances of success.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rMuXe2

School choice policies may impact segregation and diversity of public schools

(Penn State) Despite decades of educational reform and legal efforts, many U.S. schools are experiencing increasing segregation, with 16 percent of public schools serving both minority and high poverty students.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qg2sUc

Wiley and CAS collaborate to deliver advanced predictive cheminformatics capabilities to researchers

(Wiley) John Wiley and Sons Inc. and CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, today announced a partnership that will accelerate the evolution of predictive synthesis by enriching Wiley's award-winning ChemPlanner technology with the most accurate and complete chemical information from CAS.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qgj5iC

Mortality rates at teaching hospitals lower compared with non-teaching hospitals

(Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health) Patients admitted to major teaching hospitals are less likely to die compared with patients admitted to minor teaching or non-teaching hospitals, according to a large national study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qgfDEG

Depression risk following natural disaster can be predicted via pupil dilation

(Binghamton University) Pupil dilation could identify which individuals are at greatest risk for depression following disaster-related stress, and help lead to targeted interventions, according to new research from Binghamton University, State University of New York.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qSiZzv

11th Annual Canadian Neuroscience Meeting, Montreal, May 28-31, 2017

(Canadian Association for Neuroscience) The Canadian Association for Neuroscience is pleased to announce it will hold its eleventh annual meeting in Montreal, Canada, from May 28-31. The meeting will gather neuroscientists from Canada and around the world and offer the chance to share their research on the brain and nervous system. The scope of topics to be presented is wider than ever, ranging from the mechanistic to the clinical.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2q7FK5q

Rethinking exercise: Replace punishing workouts with movement that makes you happy

(University of Michigan) Many women start fitness programs to lose weight, and when they don't, they feel like failures and stop exercising

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rPaCEj

Do consent decrees adequately address police misconduct?

(Wiley) In recent years, the US Department of Justice has forced reform in police departments through the consent decree process, in which departments have agreed to take specific actions without admitting fault or guilt.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rOQ0Ms

What will happen to European criminal law after Brexit?

(Springer) Britain will not be able to select which sections of the European Union criminal law system it abides by, as was previously the case. This is according to Valsamis Mitsilegas of Queen Mary University of London in the UK, author of an article in Springer's journal Criminal Law Forum.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rP59x8

You don't see what I see?

(Kyoto University) Kyoto University researchers shows that an ability to perceive differences between similar images depends on the cultural background of the viewer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qRbUBv

Two missing World War II B-25 bombers documented by Project Recover off Papua New Guinea

(University of California - San Diego) Two B-25 bombers associated with American servicemen missing in action from World War II were recently documented in the waters off Papua New Guinea by Project Recover -- a collaborative team of marine scientists, archaeologists and volunteers who have combined efforts to locate aircraft and associated MIAs from World War II.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2rM7k5y

NTU partners with Danish consortium to develop green technologies

(Nanyang Technological University) NTU Singapore and the Smart City World Labs, a Danish consortium, are collaborating to develop technologies to improve the sustainability and livability of cities.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rd8qKv

Scientists develop test to identify best treatment for gonorrhea

(University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences) Researchers from UCLA have developed a laboratory test that helps physicians determine which people with gonorrhea may be more treatable with an antibiotic that has not been recommended since 2007 because of concerns that the resistance to the drug was growing.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rMdrGX

Despite partisanship surrounding voter ID, most voters don't believe it suppresses turnout

(University of Kansas) Most Americans -- even average Democrats -- do not accept the argument that voter identification laws can suppress voter turnout, according to a new study that includes a University of Kansas professor.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qeEvwl

Strategic brain training positively affects neural connectivity for individuals with TBI

(Center for BrainHealth ) A study from the Center for BrainHealth at The University of Texas at Dallas shows that a specific instructor-led brain training protocol can stimulate structural changes in the brain and neural connections even years after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). The findings, published in Brain and Behavior, further suggest that changes in cortical thickness and neural network connectivity may prove an effective way to quantitatively measure treatment efficacy, an ability that has not previously existed.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qJx3x0

New study examines child death rates in motor vehicle crashes by state

(Brigham and Women's Hospital) New research finds that an estimated 1,100 pediatric deaths could be averted over five years with an absolute 10 percent improvement in child restraint use.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qJmJFa

Flight delay? Lost luggage? Don't blame airline mergers, Indiana University research shows

(Indiana University) An analysis of 15 years of US Department of Transportation statistics found that airline consolidation has had little negative impact on on-time performance.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qewFmt

US child welfare system could save $12 billion, improve outcomes

(RAND Corporation) Improving prevention and treatment services are realistic reforms to the child welfare system that could improve long-term outcomes for children while cutting $12 billion in costs. RAND developed a quantitative model to reach its recommendations. The model is the first-ever attempt to integrate risk of maltreatment, detection, paths through the system and consequences to predict the impact of policy changes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qJr8Yy

Just one alcoholic drink a day increases breast cancer risk, exercise lowers risk

(American Institute for Cancer Research) A new report that analyzed the global scientific research on how diet, weight and exercise affect breast cancer risk finds there are steps women can take to lower their risk. The report finds that daily alcohol consumption and adult weight gain increase risk; physical activity and breastfeeding lower risk. The report also reveals, for the first time, that vigorous exercise decreases the risk of both pre- and post-menopausal breast cancers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qesWp6

City life could present psychosis risk for adolescents

(King's College London) Living in a city could significantly increase young people's vulnerability to psychotic experiences, according to a new study from King's College London and Duke University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qQ0Y57

Cultural backgrounds of media organizations affect international news coverage

(University of Missouri-Columbia) Researchers examined the photographic news coverage of a visit Pope Francis made to Cuba to determine how major media outlets from different countries covered the international event. They found that the cultural values of the photojournalists' home countries affected the ways in which the pope's visit was framed by each media outlet.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rMcldq

Risk of interval colorectal cancers higher among African-Americans

(American Cancer Society) An American Cancer Society study of Medicare enrollees finds the risk for interval colorectal cancers, cancers that develop after a colonoscopy but before the next recommended test, is higher for blacks than whites.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qds9Vr

3.3 million-year-old fossil reveals the antiquity of the human spine

(University of Missouri-Columbia) An international research team has found a 3.3 million Australopithecus afarensis fossilized skeleton, possessing the most complete spinal column of any early fossil human relative. The vertebral bones, neck and rib cage are mainly intact. This new research, published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science demonstrates that portions of the human skeletal structure were established millions of years earlier than previously thought.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2qdbOjp

Humanizing, harmonizing effects of music aren't a myth

(University of Arizona) UA professor Jake Harwood and his collaborators have found that listening to music from other cultures furthers one's pro-diversity beliefs. The findings have important implications for music education, K-12 education and efforts to improve cross-cultural intergroup dialogue and communication.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ravvh0

Intestinal fungi worsen alcoholic liver disease

(University of California - San Diego) Liver cirrhosis is the 12th leading cause of mortality worldwide and approximately half of those deaths are due to alcohol abuse. Yet apart from alcohol abstinence, there are no specific treatments to reduce the severity of alcohol-associated liver disease. Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine and J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI) have linked intestinal fungi to increased risk of death for patients with alcohol-related liver disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qaye5R

3.3 million-year-old fossil reveals the antiquity of the human spine

(University of Missouri-Columbia) An international research team has found a 3.3 million Australopithecus afarensis fossilized skeleton, possessing the most complete spinal column of any early fossil human relative. The vertebral bones, neck and rib cage are mainly intact. This new research, published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science demonstrates that portions of the human skeletal structure were established millions of years earlier than previously thought.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qdbOjp

People perceive attractive scientists as more interesting but less able, studies show

(University of Cambridge) A new study published today in Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) from researchers at the University of Cambridge and the University of Essex suggests that when it comes to judging scientists, we are more likely to find an attractive scientist interesting, but more likely to consider their less attractive colleagues to be better scientists.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rLQjrm

The right thing to do: Why do we follow unspoken group rules?

(National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis (NIMBioS)) How you dress, talk, eat and even what you allow yourself to feel -- these often unspoken rules of a group are social norms, and many are internalized to such a degree that you probably don't even notice them. Following norms, however, can sometimes be costly for individuals if norms require sacrifice for the good of the group. How and why did humans evolve to follow such norms in the first place?

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rM9rFI

Scientists find 7.2-million-year-old pre-human remains in the Balkans

(University of Toronto) Scientists analyzing 7.2 million-year-old fossils uncovered in modern-day Greece and Bulgaria suggest a new hypothesis about the origins of humankind, placing it in the Eastern Mediterranean and not -- as customarily assumed -- in Africa, and earlier than currently accepted. The researchers conclude that Graecopithecus freybergi represents the first pre-humans to exist following the split from the last chimpanzee-human common ancestor.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2qPoejr

Predictive models may help determine which patients benefit from ICDs

(American College of Cardiology) Two predictive models may help cardiologists decide which patients would most benefit from an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), suggests a new study published today in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. According to the researchers, confirming the findings in a larger, randomized trial could lead to new national guidelines for choosing patients who are good candidates for ICD implantation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2q3EWi4

Scientists find 7.2-million-year-old pre-human remains in the Balkans

(University of Toronto) Scientists analyzing 7.2 million-year-old fossils uncovered in modern-day Greece and Bulgaria suggest a new hypothesis about the origins of humankind, placing it in the Eastern Mediterranean and not -- as customarily assumed -- in Africa, and earlier than currently accepted. The researchers conclude that Graecopithecus freybergi represents the first pre-humans to exist following the split from the last chimpanzee-human common ancestor.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qPoejr

Lung disease patients say home oxygen delivery systems don't meet their needs

(American Thoracic Society) According to a new survey, patients with lung disease report that they are unable to obtain home oxygen equipment that meets their needs thereby forcing them to become isolated. The study was presented at the 2017 American Thoracic Society International Conference.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2q3OY2v

A leap for 3-D printing

(University of California - Santa Barbara) Tresa Pollock receives a $3 million Department of Defense fellowship to develop a platform for printing with new extreme-use materials

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qI1nbb

Human-induced deforestation is causing an increase in malaria cases

(Lehigh University) A new study of 67 less-developed, malaria-endemic nations led by Lehigh University sociologist Dr. Kelly Austin, finds a link between deforestation and increasing malaria rates across developing nations.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2q3Gskb

Terlaky produces new textbook on operations and optimization

(Lehigh University) Tamás Terlaky, chair of Lehigh University's Industrial and Systems Engineering department, along with fellow editors Miguel F. Anjos of Polytechnique Montréal and Shabbir Ahmed of Georgia Institute of Technology, has released a new textbook to "provide a solid foundation for engineers and mathematical optimizers alike who want to understand the importance of optimization methods to engineering, and the capabilities of these methods."

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2q9Q7l7

Female STEM leaders more likely to back policies aiding women

(Frontiers) A national study of college and university administrators has found that female department chairs, deans and provosts have different attitudes and beliefs than their male counterparts about how to retain women professors in STEM fields. It also supports the assertion that placing women in administrative roles creates greater emphasis on the importance of enacting policies to attract and retain women in STEM.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rtA3Pg

Paper: 'No admit-No deny' settlements undercut accountability in civil enforcement

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) The failure of federal watchdog agencies to require admissions of guilt from the targets of civil enforcement can trigger calls for greater accountability from the public, says a new paper from U. of I. law professors Verity Winship and Jennifer K. Robbennolt.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2q9HdUL

Study examines polyneuropathy and long-term opioid use

(The JAMA Network Journals) Polyneuropathy is a common painful condition, especially among older patients, which can result in functional impairment.In a new article published by JAMA Neurology, Christopher J. Klein, M.D., and his colleagues at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn., examined the association of long-term opioid therapy with functional status, adverse outcomes and death among patients with polyneuropathy. The population-based study included data from 1,993 patients with polyneuropathy who were receiving opioid therapy and a group of control patients for comparison.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2r9mm88

Awareness of controversial Arizona immigration law influenced male students' classroom behavior

(University of Kansas) US-born Latino male middle school students who had familiarity with a controversial Arizona immigration-enforcement bill had more difficulty exhibiting proper behavior in the classroom, such as following instructions and staying quiet, according to a new study by researchers at Arizona State University and the University of Kansas.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qMKGvx

Reimbursement for integrative health care suggests violation of non-discrimination law

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A new study shows that the likelihood of health insurance reimbursement for some common clinical services differs significantly depending on whether they are provided by a complementary healthcare service provider or a primary care physician.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rKAlO3

Field of 'sexting' research finds little to worry about

(North Carolina State University) A recent analysis of research into how so-called 'sexting' may affect sexual behavior finds that it has little impact on sexual activity -- but highlights significant shortcomings in the research itself.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2rIsBgg

Deep sleep maintains the learning efficiency of the brain

(University of Zurich) For the first time, researchers of the University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich have demonstrated the causal context of why deep sleep is important to the learning efficiency of the human brain. They have developed a new, noninvasive method for modulating deep sleep in humans in a targeted region of the brain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qcibn9

Harvard Pilgrim awards Quality Grant funding to 14 providers for 2017

(Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute) Physician practices in Massachusetts, Maine and New Hampshire will receive grant funding this year from Harvard Pilgrim Health Care's Quality Grants Program. Harvard Pilgrim's 18th annual grant program will fund 14 initiatives designed to improve care delivery and reduce costs within a variety of care delivery models. Over the past 17 years, Harvard Pilgrim has funded over 270 initiatives totaling more than $19 million dollars

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qMPzES

Effective intervention for binge drinking in adolescents

(Deutsches Aerzteblatt International) An intervention program based on school class groups has a preventive effect on subsequent drinking behavior, especially binge drinking, in adolescents who had previously consumed alcohol. This is the conclusion reached in a cluster-randomized study reported by Reiner Hanewinkel and colleagues in the current issue of the Deutsches Ärzteblatt International

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qcnbYS

Female peer mentors help retain college women in engineering

(University of Massachusetts at Amherst) A new study by social psychologist Nilanjana Dasgupta and her Ph.D. student Tara C. Dennehy at the University of Massachusetts Amherst found that early in college, young women in engineering majors felt more confident about their ability, a greater sense of belonging in engineering, more motivated and less anxious if they had a female, but not male, peer mentor.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qHnyhO

Abused caregivers have double chance of poor health

(University of Queensland) Nearly one in 20 middle-age women face a cumulative health impact from taking on care-giving roles after experiencing intimate partner violence according to research from the University of Queensland. The women had twice the odds of experiencing depressive symptoms and stress and also had worse physical health than women without these life experiences.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2qMEvYr