Managing multiple health conditions

(American Geriatrics Society) Noting that we need more understanding of caregiver and care recipient relationships, a research team designed a study using interviews with caregivers and the older adults receiving care. These interviews were designed to explore experiences, attitudes, and preferences about caregiving relationships. The study appeared in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PYYddU

Vicious circle leads to loss of brain cells in old age

(University of Bonn) The CB1 receptor is responsible for the intoxicating effect of cannabis. However, it appears to act also as a kind of 'sensor' with which neurons measure and control the activity of certain immune cells in the brain. A recent study by the University of Bonn at least points in this direction. If the sensor fails, chronic inflammation may result -- probably the beginning of a dangerous vicious circle.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PojwnR

Online HIV prevention program receives $8.8 million NIH grant

(Northwestern University) The National Institutes of Health has awarded an $8.8 million grant to Keep It Up!, a novel online HIV prevention program that has been shown to reduce sexually transmitted infections in gay young men by 40 percent. With this funding, Keep It Up! will lead the way in putting research into practice -- which is not currently happening in this area of research -- by testing two implementation strategies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2osiU5s

Investigators find that bile acids reduce cocaine reward

(Vanderbilt University Medical Center) Bile acids -- gut compounds that aid in the digestion of dietary fats -- reduce the desire for cocaine, according to a new study by researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center and the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2C23Q8f

Even the fittest middle-aged athletes can't outrun cardiovascular risk factors

(University of British Columbia) Middle-aged adults are exercising more and living longer, but new research from the University of British Columbia suggests that even the fittest among them are not immune to cardiovascular disease -- and they often don't have any symptoms.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Nwz7kO

Higher depression risk in young adulthood associated with autism spectrum disorders

(JAMA Network) Autism spectrum disorders (ASD), especially without an accompanying intellectual disability, were associated with greater risk for depression in young adulthood compared with the general population and siblings without ASD.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PUV7HK

Trends over 20 years in ADHD diagnoses among US children, adolescents

(JAMA Network) Diagnosed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in US children and adolescents appears to have become more common over 20 years, with an increase in estimated prevalence from 6.1 percent to 10.2 percent between 1997 and 2016, although the cause of this apparent uptick still needs to be better understood.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2C5EdmW

Bodily sensations give rise to conscious feelings

(University of Turku) A Finnish research group from the University of Turku, University of Tampere and Aalto University has mapped the organization of human conscious feelings and found them to cluster into five major categories: positive emotions, negative emotions, cognitive functions, somatic states, and illnesses.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NE5iPz

The low impact of the high-speed train on international tourism

(University of Seville) There is undeniably a complementary relationship between air travel and the high-speed train. However, and although both means of transport favor tourism, European experience indicates that their influence is very different.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LJX5XZ

We can still save Earth

(World Scientific) The co-authors, both environmental scientists, argue that Other World that is Still Possible (OWSP) can become humanity's future, despite the ever-growing threat of catastrophic climate change. But its realisation will require radical changes in both the political and physical economies. These changes include solarisation of energy supplies, the ecological transformation of agriculture and bottom-up social management of the global economy. The prerequisite for this transition is demilitarisation, opening up a regime of global cooperation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LJrGVJ

Research finds gender-diverse boards are greener

(University of Adelaide) Companies with a more balanced mix of men and women on their boards are better at protecting the environment and less likely to be sued for environmental law violations, according to new research from the University of Adelaide.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PnRvwH

Stroke doubles dementia risk, concludes large-scale study

(University of Exeter) The study analyzed data on stroke and dementia risk from 3.2 million people across the world. The link between stroke and dementia persisted even after taking into account other dementia risk factors such as blood pressure, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Their findings give the strongest evidence to date that having a stroke significantly increases the risk of dementia.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NFGmXy

HPTN 074 demonstrates significant benefits among people living with HIV who inject drugs

(FHI360) Investigators from the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) today announced The Lancet has published key results from HPTN 074. At 52 weeks from enrollment, participants in the intervention arm nearly doubled their antiretroviral therapy usage, viral suppression and medication-assisted treatment usage compared to the standard of care arm. Mortality was also reduced by more than half with the intervention.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Pl92pq

Russia: Increases in life expectancy, decreases in child deaths, use of alcohol, tobacco

(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) Life expectancy in Russia between 1994 and 2016 increased by more than seven years, while rates of death among children under age 5 decreased nearly 60 percent, according to the most extensive health study on the nation ever conducted.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LIoh9B

Dual-layer solar cell developed at UCLA sets record for efficiently generating power

(UCLA Samueli School of Engineering) Materials scientists from the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have developed a highly efficient thin-film solar cell that generates more energy than typical solar panels, thanks to its double-layer design.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2C0GAre

Pushing big data to rapidly advance patient care

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) The breakneck pace of biomedical discovery is outstripping clinicians' ability to incorporate this new knowledge into practice. Charles Friedman, Ph.D. and his colleagues recently wrote an article in the Journal of General Internal Medicine about a possible way to approach this problem, one that will accelerate the movement of newly-generated evidence about the management of health and disease into practice that improves the health of patients.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2N0ZW3v

Drug-resistance of gonorrhoea in the EU: persistent but stable

(European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) ) Neisseria gonorrhoea continues to show high levels of resistance to azithromycin across the European Union and European Economic Area, according to the 2016 results of the European Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (Euro-GASP). This threatens the effectiveness of the currently recommended dual therapy regimen for gonorrhoea. Overall, the rates of resistance to cefixime, ceftriaxone and azithromycin have remained stable when compared to recent years.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2N5bX8f

A FEW good collaborators

(Lehigh University) Society's ability to provide itself with the essentials of food, energy and water rely upon natural and manmade processes that are interrelated in ways we have only begun to comprehend. To better understand the interconnections, Dr. Y.C. 'Ethan' Yang of Lehigh University is leading an research team comprised of academic researchers from across the U.S. and China, working together to evaluate the vulnerability, resilience and sustainability of this system of systems.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wCCoYO

Missing men, missing infertility: New research flags up problem

(Lancaster University) Men are missing from fertility debates and crucial support services because they are often not included in studies and, when they are, it is usually only married, heterosexual men who are asked for data. New research, 'Missing men, missing infertility: The enactment of sex/gender in surveys in low and middle-income countries' has been completed by a team at Lancaster University in the UK.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wyy2ll

Whitlatch earns GSA's 2018 M. Powell Lawton Award

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) -- the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging -- has chosen Carol Whitlatch, Ph.D., FGSA, of the Center for Research and Education of the Benjamin Rose Institute on Aging in Cleveland, Ohio, as the 2018 recipient of the M. Powell Lawton Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2omqBtN

Infurna earns GSA's 2018 Baltes Foundation Award

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) -- the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging -- has chosen Frank J. Infurna, Ph.D., of Arizona State University as the 2018 recipient of the Margret M. and Paul B. Baltes Foundation Award in Behavioral and Social Gerontology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LL7XVS

Whitfield earns GSA's 2018 Robert W. Kleemeier Award

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) -- the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging -- has chosen Keith E. Whitfield, Ph.D., FGSA, of Wayne State University as the 2018 recipient of the Robert W. Kleemeier Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2opWvFM

Lipsitz earns GSA's 2018 Donald P. Kent Award

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) -- the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging -- has chosen Lewis A. Lipsitz, M.D., FGSA, of Harvard Medical School (HMS), the Institute for Aging Research at Hebrew SeniorLife, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) as the 2018 recipient of the Donald P. Kent Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LI5ewe

Information technology jobs outpace most other jobs in productivity and growth since 2004

(University of British Columbia) Jobs in information technology -- like computer software, big data, and cybersecurity -- are providing American workers with long-lasting financial stability, suggests a new study from the University of British Columbia and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MYIMnl

In test with rats, cannabidiol showed sustained effects against depression for seven days

(Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) First results appeared 24h after one single dose of the marijuana component; scientists concluded that CBD activate mechanisms which repair neuronal circuitry in patients' prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PO3Hb4

Heritability explains fast-learning chicks

(Linköping University) Both genetic and environmental factors explain cognitive traits, shows a new study carried out on red junglefowl. Researchers at Linköping University in Sweden have shown that the ability of fowl to cope with difficult learning tasks is heritable, while their optimism can be explained by environmental factors.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2C1Ymu9

Psycholinguists build eye-tracking database on reading in Russian

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Researchers from the Higher School of Economics, St. Petersburg State University, and the University of Potsdam have created the first ever database comprised of eye-tracking data collected during reading in Russian. The results are openly available and can be used not only in linguistics, but also in the diagnosis and correction of speech disorders, for example. The research was published in the journal Behavior Research Methods.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2POVXWl

Friending God increases purpose in life in the socially disconnected

(University of Michigan) Religious people who lack friends and purpose in life turn to God to fill those voids, according to new University of Michigan research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LGwrzd

Great Britain: A model example?

(Goethe University Frankfurt) In Germany, the risk of poverty has increased since the 1990s while in Great Britain it has decreased. Frankfurt sociologist Jan Brülle has explored the potential reasons for this in his thesis -- the results are revealing.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NxiJAD

Neville Sanjana receives Brain & Behavior Research Foundation's Young Investigator Award

(New York Genome Center) Neville Sanjana, Ph.D., Core Faculty Member at the New York Genome Center, Assistant Professor of Biology, New York University, and Assistant Professor of Neuroscience and Physiology at NYU School of Medicine, is the recipient of the Brain & Behavior Research Foundation's Young Investigator Award. This grant will support the Sanjana Lab's research on single-cell functional genomics of mutations implicated in severe forms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wrVNw2

New research: Financial disclosure lacking in publication of clinical trials

(Oregon Health & Science University) A substantial proportion of pharmaceutical industry payments to authors of oncology clinical trials published in major scientific journals are not disclosed, new research shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NxiCoH

Adapt, move or die: how biodiversity reacted to past climate change

(Faculty of Science - University of Copenhagen) A new paper reviews current knowledge on climate change and biodiversity. In the past, plants and animals reacted to environmental changes by adapting, migrating or going extinct. These findings point to radical changes in biodiversity due to climate change in the future. The paper is published in the scientific journal Trends in Ecology and Evolution by an international group of scientists led by the Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, University of Copenhagen.

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Research could lead to security scanners capable of detecting explosives

(University of Sussex) Using a single pixel camera and Terahertz electromagnetic waves, a team of Physicists at the University of Sussex have devised a blueprint which could lead to the development of airport scanners capable of detecting explosives.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PlXnGY

Stigmatizing views and myths about psoriasis are pervasive in the United States

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) The stigma associated with the autoimmune disease psoriasis may lead people to avoid patients who show signs of the condition, including not wanting to date, shake hands, or have people in their homes if they suffer from the disease. New multidisciplinary research involving both psychologists and dermatologists from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania is the first to examine how common this stigma may be among the general population of the United States as well as among medical students.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Pj1Gm6

UVA developing 'two-headed arrow' to kill ovarian cancer

(University of Virginia Health System) A University of Virginia School of Medicine researcher is developing a two-fisted, antibody-based approach to destroy deadly ovarian cancer -- an approach he believes could also be modified to kill breast, prostate and other solid tumors.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PjN1qV

New personality test is faster -- and tougher to trick

(North Carolina State University) Psychology researchers have developed a new personality test that is both faster to take and much harder to manipulate by those attempting to control the outcome.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MByIRM

Gutenberg Teaching Award 2018 goes to Geoffrey Brennan

(Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet Mainz) The Australian economist Geoffrey Brennan receives the 2018 Gutenberg Teaching Award for the development and direction of innovative interdisciplinary study programs combining the fields of philosophy, political science, and economics (PPE) as well as his lifelong commitment to academic teaching.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2oovl1U

New genetic marker could help diagnose aggressive prostate cancer

(University of Turku) Scientists have discovered a link between certain genetic mutations, the aggressiveness of prostate cancer, risk of developing the disease and poorer survival rates of patients. The gene, called ANO7, could play a vital role in improving diagnosis of prostate cancer patients. There are over 50,000 new cases and 11,000 deaths from prostate cancer each year in the UK.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wnuy5V

The use of psychoactive substances and illegal drugs in the Albanian society

(Bentham Science Publishers) The aim of the research is to create a representative picture of the prevalence and the total number of drug users in Albania from 2012 to 2016, and compare those numbers to previous years with other available data.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2N0gPvg

Study shows how our brain and personality provide protection against emotional distress

(Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology) Researchers at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois recently examined a sample of 85 healthy college students to see how a number of personality traits can protect an individual's brain against symptoms of emotional distress, namely depression and anxiety.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2N2e4tv

Funding to create unique drug and alcohol treatment for young people with mental illness

(Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health) Research into clinical treatments to reduce drug and alcohol use in young people with mental illness has received a significant funding boost, with a $1.25 million grant over three years from Gandel Philanthropy.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PeHjGI

The God of small things

(James Cook University) New research suggests people who are religious gain happiness from believing there is a deeper meaning to everyday events.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2N2oA3H

Deadline for climate action

(European Geosciences Union) If governments don't act decisively by 2035 to fight climate change, humanity could cross a point of no return after which limiting global warming below 2°C in 2100 will be unlikely, according to a new study by scientists in the UK and the Netherlands. The research also shows the deadline to limit warming to 1.5°C has already passed, unless radical climate action is taken. The study is published today in the European Geosciences Union journal Earth System Dynamics.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wxXjw5

Speeding progress in migraine requires unraveling sex differences

(Society for Women's Health Research) To decrease the substantial health and economic burden of migraine on individuals and society, researchers need to examine and address how the disease differs between women and men, according to a report from the Society for Women's Health Research published in the August issue of the Journal of Women's Health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NvlQJr

Trump supporters on campuses more likely to show prejudice toward international students

(University at Buffalo) A new study by a University at Buffalo psychologist suggests that stereotypes alone do not lead to that prejudice against international students. The prejudice is multifaceted, but there are factors leading to prejudice that universities can influence.Results suggest aside from stereotypes, other factors, including support for President Donald Trump, predicted prejudice against international students from the domestic student population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MA1qSW

Sicilian amber in western Europe pre-dates arrival of Baltic amber by at least 2,000 years

(University of Cambridge) Amber from Sicily arrived in Iberia as early as the 4th Millennium BC, some 2,000 years before the appearance of Baltic amber to the peninsula. New study also suggests that Baltic amber reached Iberia via the Mediterranean not via direct trade with the North.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology https://ift.tt/2NwdGjK

Amber circulated in extensive Mediterranean exchange networks in Late Prehistory

(PLOS) New archaeological evidence from the Iberian Peninsula reveals extensive Mediterranean exchange networks of amber resources in Late Prehistory, according to a study published Aug. 29, 2018 in the open access journal PLOS ONE by Mercedes Murillo-Barroso from Universidad de Granada, Spain, and colleagues.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology https://ift.tt/2wqGVOG

Teen dating violence is down, but boys still report more violence than girls

(University of British Columbia) When it comes to teen dating violence, boys are more likely to report being the victim of violence -- being hit, slapped, or pushed--than girls. That's the surprising finding of new research from the University of British Columbia and Simon Fraser University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2ojL1Dz

New national training program aims to mainstream glycosciences

(University of California - San Diego) Over the next five years, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health, will award approximately $20 million to four academic centers to launch a new national Career Development Consortium for Excellence in Glycosciences.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wpNb9j

Nerve fibers regrow thru scar tissue after spinal cord injury in rodents

(University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences) Scientists have developed a treatment that triggers axons to regrow after spinal cord injury in rodents. The findings could lead to a new therapy for patients, providing the first step to regaining lost function.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wAIY1Y

Ancient African herders had lasting ecological impact on grazed lands

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Ancient animal herders added to the ecological richness and diversity of the African savanna thousands of years ago -- an effect that persists to the present day, a new study finds. The herders' practice of penning their cattle, goats and sheep at night created nutrient-rich grassy glades that still attract wildlife and have increased habitat diversity in the region, researchers report in the journal Nature.

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Ancient livestock dung heaps are now African wildlife hotspots

(Washington University in St. Louis) Often viewed as wild, naturally pristine and endangered by human encroachment, some of the African savanna's most fertile and biologically diverse wildlife hotspots owe their vitality to heaps of dung deposited there over thousands of years by the livestock of wandering herders, suggests new research in the journal Nature.

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US soldiers who attempt suicide often have no prior mental health diagnosis

(JAMA Network) The latest study based on data from the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) reports that among 9,650 enlisted soldiers with a documented suicide attempt, more than one-third had no prior mental health diagnosis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Pi4z6L

Student science policy groups receive microgrants to engage public and candidates for elections

(Research!America) Research!America, in partnership with the National Science Policy Network (NSPN), 15 scientific societies and the Rita Allen Foundation today announced microgrants of $1,000 to $5,000 to ten graduate student and post-doc led science policy groups for a range of activities in their communities, leading up to the midterm elections in November, highlighting the societal benefits of scientific research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wzaeh0

NYC's tobacco-free pharmacy law substantially reduces retailer density, yet impact unequal

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) New York City's tobacco-free free pharmacy law substantially reduces tobacco retailer density overall, but the policy's impact is not evenly distributed across neighborhoods. On average, retailer density will decrease by nearly 7 percent, with several 'Neighborhood Tabulation Areas' experiencing reductions greater than 15 percent after the policy takes full effect in 2019.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2POgxGA

Jang to receive GSA's 2018 Minority Mentorship Award

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) -- the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging -- has chosen Yuri Jang, PhD of The University of Southern California as the 2018 recipient of the Minority Issues in Gerontology Committee Outstanding Mentorship Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Pf6dpO

McMullen to receive GSA's 2018 Carroll L. Estes Rising Star Award

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) -- the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging -- has chosen Tara McMullen, Ph.D., M.P.H., of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) as the 2018 recipient of the Carroll L. Estes Rising Star Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2ojCtN5

Lamming to receive GSA's 2018 Nathan Shock New Investigator Award

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) -- the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging -- has chosen Dudley Lamming, Ph.D., FGSA, of the University of Wisconsin-Madison as the 2018 recipient of the Nathan Shock New Investigator Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wvuMHg

Ferraro, Infurna to receive GSA's 2018 Richard Kalish Innovative Publication Award

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) -- the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging -- has chosen Kenneth Ferraro, Ph.D., FGSA, of Purdue University, and Frank Infurna, Ph.D., of Arizona State University as the 2018 recipients of the Richard Kalish Innovative Publication Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2oiCJvP

Gatz to receive GSA's 2018 Distinguished Career Contribution to Gerontology Award

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) -- the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging -- has chosen Margaret Gatz, Ph.D., FGSA, of the University of Southern California as the 2018 recipient of the Distinguished Career Contribution to Gerontology Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PcOVcS

Diehl to receive GSA's 2018 Distinguished Mentorship in Gerontology Award

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) -- the nation's largest interdisciplinary organization devoted to the field of aging -- has chosen Manfred Diehl, Ph.D., FGSA, of Colorado State University as the 2018 recipient of the Distinguished Mentorship in Gerontology Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2ojz40T

Depressed children 6 times more likely to have skill deficits, MU study finds

(University of Missouri-Columbia) Now, researchers at the University of Missouri have found that children who show mild to severe symptoms of depression in second and third grades are six times more likely to have skill deficits, such as difficulties with social skills or academics, than children without symptoms. Parents and teachers also had difficulties recognizing depression in children.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Pkcil1

Breast cancer surgery in frail elderly women linked to poor results

(University of California - San Francisco) An analysis of more than a decade of U.S. nursing home data has shown that breast cancer surgery is associated with high rates of mortality and hospital readmission, along with loss of functional independence, for frail nursing home residents.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PbwUeU

Cannabis extract helps reset brain function in psychosis

(King's College London) Research from King's College London has found that a single dose of the cannabis extract cannabidiol can help reduce brain function abnormalities seen in people with psychosis. Results from a new MRC-funded trial, published in JAMA Psychiatry, provide the first evidence of how cannabidiol acts in the brain to reduce psychotic symptoms.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2okSLFm

City regions as innovators of Europe

(RMIT University) Social, scientific and cultural change flows from cities to benefit regions and nations. City regions will continue to shape our future as mass urbanisation continues and technological innovation rates accelerate. Are we prepared to manage the challenges? This one-day symposium hosted by RMIT Europe, Baden-W?rttemberg International (BW-I), the Enterprise Europe Network and the Four Motors for Europe will bring together industry, research, government and community representatives interested in working together on innovation in City Regions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wqwBpQ

Celebrity culture likely contributed to destigmatizing out-of-wedlock childbirth

(University at Buffalo) In 1992, former Vice President Dan Quayle criticized the sitcom character Murphy Brown's decision to have a child out of wedlock. That ignited discussions that continue today about whether celebrities might be contributing to the demise of the nuclear family, yet 40 years of data from one reputable celebrity news source suggests that celebrities in fact have fewer out-of-wedlock childbirths compared to the rest of the U.S. population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BXyy2f

Tight-knit teammates may conform to each other's behavior

(Penn State) In a study with NCAA athletes, researchers found that the more closely a player identified as being part of their team, the more likely they were to conform to their teammates' behavior. This was true for both risky and positive behaviors.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2om8zI6

Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine names Dr. Potter-Baker winner of Ernest Bors, MD Award

(Kessler Foundation) "We are pleased to welcome Dr. Potter-Baker as our newest Bors Award honoree," said Florian P. Thomas, MD, MA, PhD, MS, editor-in-chief of JSCM," and acknowledge her key role in this important study of the first long-term application of non-invasive, transcranial direct current stimulation for upper limb functional recovery after spinal cord injury. We are confident that she will continue to contribute to the advances that are improving quality of life for individuals with SCI."

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wqGmEr

Male and female tennis players decline at same rate

(University of Exeter) The physical abilities of male and female tennis stars decline at the same rate as they age, new research shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PdHSRl

Children suffering from tics can be helped by both group and individual therapy

(Aarhus University) Nonvoluntary stressful movements or sounds are everyday reality for children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome, but the symptoms can be significantly reduced -- both when help comes individually and in a group. This is shown by the first Scandinavian effect study of the treatment of tics which Aarhus University and the Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Risskov, are behind.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wqQU6l

Control groups

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) High school students' membership in certain social media groups can be used to predict their academic performance, as demonstrated by Ivan Smirnov, junior research fellow at HSE's Institute of Education.The analysis of school students' membership in groups and communities was used to detect low-performing and high-performing students.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BXlSZd

Undescended testes in boyhood linked to testicular cancer and infertility in adulthood

(University of Sydney) Medical researchers are urging greater compliance with guidelines recommending surgery for undescended testes (UDT) before 18 months of age following new evidence that UDT more than doubles the risk of testicular cancer and increases infertility in adult males.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2onw57n

Overconfident CEOs are more likely to get sued

(Stevens Institute of Technology) Researchers from Stevens Institute of Technology and colleagues show that overconfident CEOs are 33 percent more likely to get sued by shareholders than CEOs with normal confidence. However, that legal action is enough to shock their system, lower confidence and curb future risk-taking behavior.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NvCLLG

Cold climates contributed to the extinction of the Neanderthals

(Northumbria University ) Climate change may have played a more important role in the extinction of Neanderthals than previously believed, according to a new study published in PNAS.

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Biomembranes 2018 conference: World's leading molecular and cell biologists will meet at MIPT

(Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology) From Oct. 1-5, MIPT will host the fourth Biomembranes conference. This international event is part of the conference series Virtual Human -- Imaging Across Scales. The program of the conference features over 40 lectures by researchers from Russia, the US, Germany, France, China, Japan, and elsewhere, as well as a poster session. The proceedings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wqK4hb

Father's diet could affect the long-term health of his offspring

(University of Nottingham) New research has shown that a lack of protein in a father's diet affects sperm quality which can have a direct impact on the long-term health of their offspring.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Nxt9QS

$3.8 million NIMH grant to diagnose suicidal thinking using brain imaging

(Carnegie Mellon University) The grant will be used to advance previous research and establish reliable neurocognitive markers of suicidal ideation and attempt. They will examine the differences in brain activation patterns between suicidal and non-suicidal young adults as they think about words related to suicide -- such as positive and negative concepts -- and use machine learning techniques to identify neural signatures of suicidal ideation and behavior.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wqK0Ot

Gum disease treatment may improve symptoms in cirrhosis patients

(American Physiological Society) Routine oral care to treat gum disease (periodontitis) may play a role in reducing inflammation and toxins in the blood (endotoxemia) and improving cognitive function in people with liver cirrhosis. The study is published ahead of print in the American Journal of Physiology -- Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NvKx8j

Single-step nasal spray naloxone easiest to deliver according to new research

(Binghamton University) Single-step nasal spray naloxone is the easiest to deliver, according to new research led by faculty at Binghamton University, State University at New York.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2N0PDwr

Chemotherapy may lead to early menopause in young women with lung cancer

(The North American Menopause Society (NAMS)) A new study suggests chemotherapy may cause acute amenorrhea leading to early menopause in women with lung cancer. The study is the first to comment on amenorrhea rates in women younger than 50, concluding that women with lung cancer who desire future fertility should be educated about risks and options before starting treatment. Study results are published online today in Menopause, the journal of The North American Menopause Society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wpLOHw

New research: Ketamine activates opioid system to treat depression

(American Psychiatric Association) A new study appearing online today from the American Journal of Psychiatry finds that ketamine's acute antidepressant effect requires opioid system activation, the first time that a receptor site has been shown in humans to be necessary for any antidepressant's mechanism of action. While opioids have been used historically to treat depression, they are known to carry a high risk of dependence.

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Getting to the roots of our ancient cousin's diet

(Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology) Since the discovery of the fossil remains of Australopithecus africanus from Taung nearly a century ago, and subsequent discoveries of Paranthropus robustus, there have been disagreements about the diets of these two South African hominin species. By analyzing the splay and orientation of fossil hominin tooth roots, researchers of the MPI for Evolutionary Anthropology, the University of Chile and the University of Oxford now suggest that Paranthropus robustus had a unique way of chewing food not seen in other hominins.

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Disentangling the relationships between cultural traits and other variables

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) A team of researchers led by scientists at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History and Australian National University analyzed how to avoid misinterpreting correlations in cross-cultural studies, published in Royal Society Open Science. The researchers identify three sources of non-independence in cultural variables -- meaning, the variables are correlated but are not caused by each other -- and present methods to control for these.

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Smoking and drinking can damage arteries 'very early in life'

(University College London) The arteries of teenagers who drink alcohol and smoke, even very occasionally, are already beginning to stiffen by age 17, according to UCL research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PIwI8l

Emergency resuscitation device increases cardiac arrest survival rate, study reports

(University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston) When paramedics resuscitated cardiac arrest patients with a new type of breathing tube, their patients were more likely to survive, according to a University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston-led study in today's JAMA.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MUos6w

The link between obesity, the brain, and genetics

(McGill University) Clinicians should consider how the way we think can make us vulnerable to obesity, and how obesity is genetically intertwined with brain structure and mental performance, according to new research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LBkue6

Writing a 'thank you' note is more powerful than we realize, study shows

(University of Texas at Austin) New research from the University of Texas at Austin proves writing letters of gratitude, like Jimmy Fallon's 'Thank You Notes,' is a pro-social experience people should commit to more often. The gesture improves well-being for not only letter writers but recipients as well.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BR9JVD

Teenagers have a hard time reading one another's tones of voice

(McGill University) Newly published research in the Journal of Nonverbal Behavior shows that the ability to understand what someone is feeling based on their tone of voice can be challenging in mid-adolescence (between 13-15 year olds), particularly when it comes to tones of voice which express anger, meanness, disgust, or happiness.

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Does chemotherapy harm ability to function for older women with breast cancer?

(American Geriatrics Society) This study, published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, investigates the effects of breast cancer and its treatments on older women's abilities to function.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2ojUYky

Three previously unknown ancient primates identified

(University of Texas at Austin) Biological anthropologists from The University of Texas at Austin have described three new species of fossil primates that were previously unknown to science.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PfXuDP

Differences between combined, isolated use of cannabis, nicotine on brain networks

(Center for BrainHealth ) Researchers at the Center for BrainHealth® at the University of Texas at Dallas investigated the effects on the brain of concurrent cannabis and nicotine use, versus the use of solely cannabis and solely nicotine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NxB1By

Training for parents referred to CPS improves toddler's physiological regulation

(University of California - Davis) A parental training program for families referred to Child Protective Services improved toddlers' unconscious reactions to mildly stressful situations, as well as improving parents' behavior, according to a new study by researchers at UC Davis and the University of Washington.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MWRhzi

Diagnosis is not best predictor of avoidable hospitalizations of nursing home residents

(Regenstrief Institute) Care of long-term nursing home patients can be fragmented by hospitalizations and re-hospitalizations, which are especially burdensome for frail older adults. A new study from the Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University Center for Aging Research reports that a patient's diagnosis is not the best predictor of whether that individual will be transferred to a hospital or remain in place.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Nu0rQC

Close ties with fathers help daughters overcome loneliness

(Ohio State University) Fathers play a key role in helping their young daughters overcome loneliness, a new study has found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wuPqY7

GW report delivers recommendations aimed at preparing Puerto Rico for hurricane season

(George Washington University) In an independent report published today, researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health estimated there were 2,975 excess deaths in Puerto Rico due to Hurricane Maria from September 2017 through the end of February 2018. The researchers also identified gaps in the death certification and public communication processes and went on to make recommendations that will help prepare Puerto Rico for future hurricanes and other natural disasters.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PdDrps

Infectious Diseases Society of America honors 105 distinguished physicians, scientists

(Infectious Diseases Society of America) The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the nation's leading infectious diseases professional society, recognizes the distinguished physicians and scientists from the United States and around the world who were elected this year to be Fellows of IDSA.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BTPeHI

The 'invisible hand' doesn't control markets

(Michigan State University) New socioeconomic research from Michigan State University found a market disruptor has turned the 'invisible hand' theory on its head.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BWSSRm

Twitter useful for stock picks, could boost market efficiency, shows study

(University of Toronto, Rotman School of Management) Despite concerns to the contrary, it turns out that Twitter is not uninformative when it comes to its reliability as an investor information source.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MY7HqY

Dr. Dyson-Hudson receives American Paraplegia Society's Excellence Award

(Kessler Foundation) In recognition of his outstanding contributions to improving the lives of individuals with spinal cord injury, Trevor Dyson-Hudson, MD, of Kessler Foundation, was this year's recipient of the Excellence Award of the American Paraplegia Society, a section of the Academy of Spinal Cord Injury Professionals. Dyson-Hudson serves as director of SCI Research at Kessler Foundation and co-director for Kessler's federally funded Northern New Jersey SCI Model System, and is research associate professor at Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BW3MXs

Six countries in the Americas account for half of all firearm deaths

(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) A new study reveals more than a quarter-million people died from firearm-related injuries in 2016, with half of those deaths occurring in only six countries in the Americas: Brazil, the United States, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, and Guatemala.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2ofHiHh

A non-canonical strategy may improve cancer radiotherapy

(University of Chicago Medical Center) Interactions between radiation therapy and the immune system can improve cancer treatment. The cellular carnage caused by radiation attracts scavengers, such as dendritic cells, that present cancer cell fragments to T cells. This study suggests novel ways to improve treatment by using radiation to boost immunotherapy.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BW3IqG

Cancer linked to poor prognosis in patients with broken heart syndrome

(European Society of Cardiology) Cancer is linked to an increased risk of death and rehospitalization in patients with broken heart syndrome, according to research presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MY7hAU

NSF invests in research to help disrupt operations of illicit supply networks

(National Science Foundation) Networks that illegally traffic in everything from people and opioids to human organs and nuclear material pose threats to US health, prosperity and security. Nine new awards from the National Science Foundation (NSF) will advance the scientific understanding of how such illicit supply networks function -- and how to dismantle them.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PaneBB

AADR Oral Health Effects of Tobacco Products: Science and Regulatory Policy Conference

(International & American Associations for Dental Research) The American Association for Dental Research, with funding from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), will host the AADR Oral Health Effects of Tobacco Products: Science and Regulatory Policy conference on Friday, Sept. 14, 2018 in Bethesda, Maryland.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MVw8pc

Breakthrough sensor to help people with bipolar disorder monitor lithium levels

(University of Surrey) Patients living with bipolar disorder and depression will soon be able to use a unique wearable sensor to safely monitor their lithium drug levels.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NtOnPA

Study helps children hit the right note in supporting autistic peers

(University of Surrey) Collaborative music lessons in schools improve the attitudes of pupils towards their peers with autism, a new study in the journal Autism reports.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PfeeLr

Men and women are different: Why medical oncology needs to restate the obvious

(European Society for Medical Oncology) Gender-based approaches to studying and treating disease have remained largely unexplored in medical oncology, despite the field's growing interest in precision medicine and accumulating evidence that sex is a major factor in disease risk and response to treatment. At the ESMO workshop, 'Gender medicine meets oncology,' to be held in Lausanne, Switzerland, on Nov. 30-Dec. 1, 2018, a multidisciplinary faculty of experts will discuss the concepts and methods of gender medicine and their implications for clinical practice and research in oncology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2P9xuKj

Dr. Anthony Lequerica receives 2018 Dr. Joshua B. Cantor Scholar Award

(Kessler Foundation) Anthony Lequerica, PhD, is the recipient of the 2018 Dr. Joshua B. Cantor Scholar Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wiFOk4

New journal on China and its Modern Silk Road catches attention of top universities

(World Scientific) Internationally renowned publisher World Scientific's newly launched journal China and the World: Ancient and Modern Silk Road has caught the attention of top universities around the world.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PfeVV3

IIVS, BASF & Givaudan collaborate to validate a non-animal test for regulatory submissions

(Institute for In Vitro Sciences) The Institute for In Vitro Sciences (IIVS), with an established track record in the validation of alternatives to animal testing, is teaming up with BASF and Givaudan to validate an improved skin sensitization reactivity method to address the needs of toxicologists and regulators.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LANHGp

Few people at risk for heart disease understand food labels

(European Society of Cardiology) An Irish survey of 200 men and women examines awareness, understanding, and use of food labels in preventing lifestyle-related disease in a primary care setting. Participants responded to a questionnaire devised by the lead author. The study identifies gaps in consumers' use and interpretation of food labels, especially among men and people at risk of cardiovascular disease. The authors conclude that greater awareness of food labels and label improvements are needed.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Nt6GEf

Take a vacation -- it could prolong your life

(European Society of Cardiology) Taking vacations could prolong life. That's the finding of a 40-year study presented today at ESC Congress and accepted for publication in The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BTecab

Current advice to limit dairy intake should be reconsidered

(European Society of Cardiology) The consumption of dairy products has long been thought to increase the risk of death, particularly from coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, and cancer, because of dairy's relatively high levels of saturated fat. Yet evidence for any such link, especially among US adults, is inconsistent.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MUuwMb

Low carbohydrate diets are unsafe and should be avoided

(European Society of Cardiology) Low carbohydrate diets are unsafe and should be avoided, according to a large study presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NpY29w

WSU Spokane researchers develop potential drugs to help curb smoking

(Washington State University) Washington State University researchers have created more than a dozen candidate drugs with the potential to curb smokers' desire for nicotine by slowing how it is broken down in the body. The researchers hope the substances can help people reduce their consumption of tobacco, if not quit altogether.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PemPhD

Call for a unified approach to preventing suicides and other self-injury deaths

(McLean Hospital) Self-injury mortality (SIM) has surpassed diabetes as the seventh leading cause of death in the United States, prompting researchers to call for a new unified approach to SIM prevention.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2ogAAkk

E-cigarette use common, especially among younger adults and those in the LBGTQ community

(American College of Physicians) E-cigarette use is prevalent among US adults, especially among men; lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons (LGBT); those who are unemployed; and those with chronic disease. E-cigarette use was also more common among those living in the South and West. Findings from a large US survey are published in Annals of Internal Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wis48E

A blue paradox

(University of California - Santa Barbara) Promising to solve an environmental problem may initially worsen it, according to new research at the Bren School.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BOgB62

In sync: How cells make connections could impact circadian rhythm

(Washington University in St. Louis) Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis and collaborating institutions developed a unified, data-driven computational approach to infer and reveal connections among cells in biological and chemical oscillatory networks.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wsa9f4

Ant-y social: Successful ant colonies hint at how societies evolve

(Princeton University) How did civilization begin? Where did the division of labor come from? Do successful societies need strong leaders? Princeton and Rockefeller University researchers tackled those giant questions with some very small research subjects: genetically identical ants (Ooceraea biroi) that can live independently or in groups -- and have no queens. They found that simply increasing group size, even if it does not lead to division of labor, can benefit members of the group.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wjdyhb

Fishing activity skyrocketed ahead of ban in South Pacific area

(University of Oregon) Ahead of a full ban, fishing increased 130 percent in the Phoenix Islands Protected Area in the South Pacific, setting back projected efforts to let nature rebuild fish stocks by 18 months, researchers say.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2P7nxwX

Food insecurity leads to higher mortality risk, a new study finds

(University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences) A wide array of negative health outcomes have been associated with food insecurity including diabetes, depression, and cardiovascular disease. But could food insecurity lead to an increased risk of mortality? According to University of Illinois agricultural economist Craig Gundersen, no one has researched this relationship until now.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MS0h8B

Stress gene influences chronic pain after car crash

(Society for Neuroscience) A study of more than 1,000 motor vehicle accident survivors published in JNeurosci reveals a common variant in a gene involved in the stress response that increases vulnerability to developing chronic pain. Addressing the interaction between this genetic variant and post-traumatic stress may represent a supplemental or alternative to treatment with addictive opioids.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NjyXNA

Testing the reproducibility of social science research

(University of Pennsylvania) A team co-led by Gideon Nave of Penn's Wharton School replicated 21 high-profile social science studies and found discrepancies with the original research, including eight studies that failed to find significant evidence for the original finding. Researchers betting in prediction markets, however, were quite accurate at predicting which findings would replicate and which would not.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PcoqUZ

New platform by NYU Tandon, Frick, brings art history research into the digital age

(NYU Tandon School of Engineering) Researchers at NYU Tandon and art historians at the Frick Art Reference Library have created ARIES, an intuitive, free, web-based software platform at ARtImageExplorationSpace.com. The new tool simplifies the exploration, analysis, and organization of digital collections by allowing experts to easily manipulate images. While it is designed for art historians, curators and conservators, it can be used by editors, photographers, and even, potentially, physicians -- anyone whose work involves manipulating and comparing images.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2whpfVm

Wildfire risk doesn't douse housing demand

(University of Nevada, Las Vegas) Demand for real estate rebounds in high-risk areas within one to two years of a wildfire, UNLV study finds. Here's what the research may mean for homeowners in California and beyond.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2whW70f

Connectome organization in childhood ALL and risk of delayed neurodevelopment

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A new study provides novel insights into the cognitive effects of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and of chemotherapeutic treatment in long-term survivors of ALL.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PDR6rb

Investigating what keeps metastatic breast cancer in check

(Brigham and Women's Hospital) New evidence suggests that inflammation may help prevent growth of tumor cells that have spread, with important implications for clinical trials.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PIJNhQ

Child lead exposure study finds substantial reductions possible

(Brown University) Intervention by researchers reduced household lead below levels previously deemed achievable and reduced blood lead concentrations in more highly exposed children, though the decrease did not result in significant neurobehavioral improvements in children.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Nq81M3

Samara Polytech geologists discovered the fullest skull of Wetlugasaurus

(Samara Polytech (Samara State Technical University)) Traditionally, Petroleum Engineering Faculty staff and students of the Flagship University took part in the annual complex scientific expedition on monitoring the flora of Triassic and Jurassic deposits in the southeast of the Samara region. More than 50 specimens of the Triassic fauna containing amphibians and reptiles' bone fragments were collected. Unique geological material will replenish museum funds and will be used in interactive excursions and events.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology https://ift.tt/2oeeZcn

New study examines wartime experiences and PTSD among female Air Force personnel

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A study of deployed and non-deployed active duty, female Air Force personnel found that both rates of exposure to wartime experiences and reports of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increased between 2008 and 2013.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NiYaHY

Reversing influences of intergenerational stress offers hope for addressing public health

(Emory Health Sciences) Researchers at Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, have shown for the first time in an animal model it is possible to reverse influences of parental stress by exposing parents to behavioral interventions following their own exposure to stress. This study has important public health implications for preventing future generations from bearing influences of stressors their parents faced before the children were conceived.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BQDKVl

Happy older people live longer, say researchers

(Duke-NUS Medical School) Happy older people live longer, according to Duke-NUS Medical School researchers. In a study published today, the authors found that an increase in happiness is directly proportional with a reduction in mortality. The study, which focused on Singaporeans aged 60 years and older, found that even small increments in happiness may be beneficial, suggesting individual activities as well as government policies and programs that maintain or improve psychological well-being may contribute to longer life.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2P9GQFW

Research methods that find serial criminals could help save tigers

(University of Kent) A geographic profiling tool used to catch serial criminals could help reduce the casualties of human-tiger conflict, according to scientists who collaborated on an innovative conservation research study.The results of their research, published in Nature Communications, help explain how villagers in Sumatra coexist with tigers. If used pre-emptively it could have helped cut attacks by half, saving tigers from poaching and retaliation killings.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MztsxZ

Sensitivity to how others evaluate you emerges by 24 months

(Emory Health Sciences) Even before toddlers can form a complete sentence, they are attuned to how others may be judging them, finds a new study by psychologists at Emory University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PF05Z3

Even toddlers care what others think

(American Psychological Association) By the time toddlers are forming two-word sentences, they are already aware that they may be judged by others, behavior that previously wasn't believed to emerge until years later, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wqtMEl

How we judge personality from faces depends on our beliefs about how personality works

(New York University) We make snap judgments of others based not only on their facial appearance, but also on our pre-existing beliefs about how others' personalities work.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2whktHD

Listening to yoga music at bedtime is good for the heart

(European Society of Cardiology) Listening to yoga music at bedtime is good for the heart, according to research presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NpyYPZ

Clock drawing cognitive test should be done routinely in patients with high blood pressure

(European Society of Cardiology) A clock drawing test for detecting cognitive dysfunction should be conducted routinely in patients with high blood pressure, according to research presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NiDWhw

People who don't read the news better at predicting which articles will go viral

(University of Pennsylvania) Using fMRI data, researchers found that the brain activity of people who don't frequently read the news better predicted the popularity of New York Times Health articles. Frequent readers, by contrast, responded positively to all articles. When seeking to have content go viral, say the authors, look beyond the most committed readers or advocates.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2oaQdJY

Diet has bigger impact on emotional well-being in women than in men

(Binghamton University) Women may need a more nutrient-rich diet to support a positive emotional well-being, according to new research from Binghamton University, State University at New York.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PGLDzJ

One in 3 US veteran firearm owners keeps a gun loaded and unlocked

(Elsevier) One third of United States armed forces veterans store at least one firearm loaded with ammunition and unlocked, according to a new study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine that reports on the first survey of a nationally representative sample of this group regarding storage practices. Unsafe firearm storage practices appeared to be strongly related to perceptions about the need to keep firearms for protection. This easy access to lethal means increases suicide risk in an already vulnerable population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wfwBJh

Care coordination improves health of older patients with multiple chronic diseases

(Canadian Medical Association Journal) For older adults with multiple chronic diseases, such as diabetes, depression, heart disease and others, care coordination appears to have the biggest impact on better health, according to a study published in CMAJ.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Nmal6U

Apps a timely reminder for those on heart medication

(University of Sydney) New research from the University of Sydney shows mobile apps could potentially save lives by helping people with coronary heart disease keep on top of their medication. Published today in Heart, the study shows the use of high-quality medication reminder apps increases people's adherence to cardiovascular medication.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wlWlmm

Cooking with coal, wood, or charcoal associated with cardiovascular death

(European Society of Cardiology) Long-term use of coal, wood, or charcoal for cooking is associated with an increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease, according to a study presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MOcAmw

Finding the sweet spot of a good night's sleep: Not too long and not too short

(European Society of Cardiology) Researchers have found a sweet spot of six to eight hours sleep a night is most beneficial for heart health. More or less is detrimental. Their findings are presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BWvzqW

Sleeping 5 hours or less a night associated with doubled risk of cardiovascular disease

(European Society of Cardiology) Middle-aged men who sleep five hours or less per night have twice the risk of developing a major cardiovascular event during the following two decades than men who sleep seven to eight hours, according to research presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2o8AgUK

Short and fragmented sleep linked to hardened arteries

(European Society of Cardiology) Sleeping less than six hours or waking up several times in the night is associated with an increased risk of asymptomatic atherosclerosis, which silently hardens and narrows the arteries, according to results of the PESA study presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BNnlkL

Impaired mental status is associated with doubled death risk after heart attack in elderly

(European Society of Cardiology) Impaired mental status is associated with a doubled risk of death one year after a heart attack in elderly patients, according to research presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2obwwBK

Patients with high blood pressure unlikely to reduce salt

(European Society of Cardiology) Patients with high blood pressure are relying solely on medication to reduce their risk of heart attack, stroke and heart failure, rather than decreasing salt intake as instructed by their physicians, according to research presented today at ESC Congress 2018, the annual meeting of the European Society of Cardiology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PymIOR

Four out of 10 patients with atrial fibrillation have unknown brain damage

(European Society of Cardiology) Four out of 10 patients with atrial fibrillation but no history of stroke or transient ischemic attack have previously unknown brain damage, according to the first results of the Swiss Atrial Fibrillation Cohort Study (Swiss-AF) presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wpviGW

Deep forehead wrinkles may signal a higher risk for cardiovascular mortality

(European Society of Cardiology) Are wrinkles just an inevitable consequence of aging, or could they signal something more sinister?

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LquKG4

I have had a heart attack. Do I need open heart surgery or a stent?

(European Society of Cardiology) New advice on the choice between open heart surgery and inserting a stent via a catheter after a heart attack is launched today. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) Guidelines on myocardial revascularization are published online in European Heart Journal, and on the ESC website.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PCFqF5

Do doctors really know how to diagnose a heart attack?

(European Society of Cardiology) Confusion over how to diagnose a heart attack is set to be cleared up with new guidance launched today. The 2018 Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction is published online in European Heart Journal, and on the ESC website.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NgUQwS

Single pill with two drugs could transform blood pressure treatment

(European Society of Cardiology) A single pill with two drugs could transform blood pressure treatment, according to the 2018 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Society of Hypertension (ESH) Guidelines on arterial hypertension published online today in European Heart Journal, and on the ESC website.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MMdrnE

Pregnant women with heart disease should give birth at no later than 40 weeks gestation

(European Society of Cardiology) Pregnant women with heart disease should give birth at no later than 40 weeks gestation. That is one of the recommendations in the 2018 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy published online today in European Heart Journal, and on the ESC website.

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Too much of a good thing? Very high levels of 'good' cholesterol may be harmful

(European Society of Cardiology) Very high levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL or 'good') cholesterol may be associated with an increased risk of heart attack and death, according to research presented today at ESC Congress 2018.

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Why the effects of a boozy binge could last longer than you think

(University of Bath) A new study suggests that the effects of alcohol on our mental processing could extend to the day after a session of heavy drinking.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BL9IlZ

UTA art lecturer wins Puffin Grant

(University of Texas at Arlington) Billi London-Gray, a 2018 graduate of UTA's Master of Fine Arts Intermedia Studio program and a lecturer in the Department of Art and Art History, has won a Puffin Foundation grant for her ongoing project, The Loop and Saw Choir.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NeqpHH

New nusinersen drug delivery method identified for spinal muscular atrophy patients

(Clinic for Special Children) A new report has identified an alternative method to deliver nusinersen to patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) using a subcutaneous intrathecal catheter system (SIC) configured by connecting an intrathecal catheter to an implantable infusion port. SMA is a devastating genetic disease that leads to progressive degeneration of motor neurons that control movement, swallowing, and breathing. It is the leading genetic cause of infant death worldwide.

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Friends' influence helps telecom firms retain customers

(Carnegie Mellon University) A new study tested a strategy to help a telecommunications firm manage churn. Contacting not only customers but also their friends helped reduce the customers' propensity to discontinue their ties to the company.

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Many young adults lack financial literacy, economic stability, study finds

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Many young people lack financial literacy and money-management skills, indicating an urgent need for educational programs to help them enter adulthood better equipped to handle their financial affairs, University of Illinois graduate student Gaurav Sinha found in a new study. Social work professors Min Zhan and Kevin Tan co-wrote the paper, published recently in the journal Children and Youth Services Review.

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Risk adjusting for race and poverty bolsters rankings of some hospitals

(Society for Academic Emergency Medicine) Sociodemographic risk adjustment of emergency care-sensitive mortality improves apparent performance of some hospitals treating a large number of nonwhite, Hispanic, or poor patients.

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Meet the virtual pooch that could help prevent dog bites

(University of Liverpool) A virtual dog could soon be used as an educational tool to help prevent dog bites, thanks to an innovative project led by the University of Liverpool's Virtual Engineering Centre (VEC).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2P3WCSM

Sweeter dreams in a peaceful mind

(University of Turku) A new study by researchers from the University of Turku, Finland and the University of Skövde, Sweden shows that people with more peace of mind in the waking state have more positive dreams, whereas those with more anxiety in the waking state have more negative dreams. This means that dream experiences, as revealed in recalled and reported dreams, may reflect a person's mental health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MsEF3r

A molecular pit crew responsible for refuelling in signaling cells

(National Centre for Biological Sciences) Raghu Padinjat's group from the National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bangalore, has identified a molecular pit crew that helps to refuel signaling cells efficiently. Researchers from the group have shown that three proteins--the enzyme PI4KIIIα (phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIα), and two other proteins, Efr3 and TTC7-- are crucial for maintaining levels of the lipid molecule PIP2 (phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate), on the surface membranes of cells, where it is vital for producing molecular messengers during cellular signaling.

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New insights on sperm production lay groundwork for solving male infertility

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) Using advanced techniques, Michigan Medicine researchers have created the most complete catalog of cells in the male gonads. The aim: to create sperm in a dish.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2P3MWHF

Insilico to present the latest advances at Global Precision Medicine & Biomarkers Leaders Summit

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Insilico Medicine will present with the talk 'End-to-end machine learning engine for drug discovery' at the 5th Global Precision Medicine & Biomarkers Leaders Summit.

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In ancient Rome, insults in politics knew hardly any boundaries

(Cluster of Excellence "Religion and Politics") 52nd Meeting of German Historians examines abuses and 'hate speech' in all epochs -- Ancient historian Martin Jehne: personal attacks were common among Roman senators -- The people in the popular assembly were allowed to insult, but not be offended themselves -- 'Enormous division between rich and poor' -- 'Modern societies could need some Roman robustness in dealing with abuse'.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BJqC4B

The youngest smoke more

(The University of Bergen) An increasing number of children under 15 years old have started to smoke during the last 40 years in Europe.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2My7pHV

Researchers identify link between gut bacteria and eating for pleasure, as opposed to hunger

(University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences) A study of 63 healthy people showed that those with elevated microbiome levels of the metabolite indole -- produced when gut bacteria break down the amino acid tryptophan -- had stronger function and connectivity in specific areas of the brain's reward network. Such activity in the brain indicates that a person is more prone to 'hedonic eating,' or eating for pleasure rather than for hunger. Those with higher levels of indole also were more likely to have food addiction.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2PAdwcD

Female basketball players face disproportionate racial bias: New study

(Taylor & Francis Group) New research has uncovered a recurring pattern of referee bias in women's college basketball.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wuLgzF

An avatar uses your gait to predict how many calories you will burn

(Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) New avatar-based software developed at EPFL looks at how people walk in order to predict their energy expenditure. The software, originally intended for roboticists and for researchers who develop prosthetics and exoskeletons, could have many uses in both medicine and sports. It can be tested online through a downloadable app.

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The Lancet: Alcohol is associated with 2.8 million deaths each year worldwide

(The Lancet) Globally, one in three people drink alcohol (equivalent to 2.4 billion people), and 2.2 percent of women and 6.8 percent of men die from alcohol-related health problems each year. Alcohol use was ranked as the seventh leading risk factor for premature death and disability worldwide in 2016, and was the leading cause for people aged 15-49 years old. In this age group, it is associated with tuberculosis, road injuries, and self-harm.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BG354f

New scientific study: no safe level of alcohol

(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) A new scientific study concludes there is no safe level of drinking alcohol.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2o2aYrc

Researchers test autobiographical memory for early Alzheimer's detection

(University of Arizona) UA psychologist Matthew Grilli found that carriers of a gene variant that increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease have greater difficulty describing detailed memories of past events. The goal of his research is to help detect Alzheimer's disease-related brain changes before they begin to have an obvious effect on cognition and memory.

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New $3.2 million grant to probe secrets of cell death in Alzheimer's

(Arizona State University) In a new project, researchers hope to better understand a form of programmed cell death known as necroptosis, believed to play a crucial role in the massive destruction of neurons typical of Alzheimer's disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2P5vwe7

National Academies announce winners of 2018 Communication Awards

(National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine) The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine announced today the recipients of the 2018 Communication Awards. Supported by the W.M. Keck Foundation since 2003 as part of the Keck Futures Initiative, these prestigious awards -- each of which includes a $20,000 prize -- recognize excellence in reporting and communicating science, engineering, and medicine to the general public. The winners will be honored during a ceremony on Oct. 11 in Washington, D.C.

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Fresh and raw diets for dogs may have health benefits, study says

(University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences) Many dog owners think of their furry companions as part of the family, and now products are available to feed them that way, too. Some owners are moving away from traditional extruded kibble products, instead choosing ultra-premium fresh and raw diets found in the refrigerated aisle. The foods may look more similar to what we'd feed a member of the family, but many of the newer diets haven't been rigorously tested for performance in dogs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BGd1ec

Radical transformations likely needed to achieve universal health care

(Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health) Technological innovation, expansion of the use of frontline personnel such as community health workers, and rapid increases in health care financing are likely to be instrumental to achieving universal health care (UHC) in countries around the world, according to a wide-ranging review of the scientific evidence on UHC.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LkYtQA

More than a label: shelter dog genotyping reveals inaccuracy of breed assignments

(Arizona State University) Arizona State University scientists used genetic testing in over 900 shelter dogs to identify breed heritage in the largest study of its kind. The researchers found widespread genetic diversity: 125 breeds in the sample and an average of three breed matches per dog. The accuracy of shelter staff in identifying more than one breed in the dog's heritage based just on physical appearance was only 10 percent. How breed labels can impact shelter dogs is discussed.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2wafdp0

On-again, off-again relationships might be toxic for mental health

(University of Missouri-Columbia) A researcher from the University of Missouri says that the pattern of breaking up and getting back together can impact an individual's mental health and not for the better. He suggests people in these kinds of relationships should make informed decisions about stabilizing or safely terminating their relationships.

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Wiley and The Royal Entomological Society announce publishing partnership renewal

(Wiley) John Wiley and Sons Inc. (NYSE:JWa) (NYSE:JWb) and The Royal Entomological Society are proud to announce the renewal of their publishing agreement and continued commitment to their partnership.

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AGU launches influential new journal for the earth and space science community

(Wiley) AGU is proud to announce that it has added a new title to its distinguished portfolio of journals, AGU Advances.

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Parents' behavior during playtime may affect toddler's weight later on

(Penn State) Researchers have found that toddlers who had poor self-regulation skills -- the ability to control their behaviors and emotions -- went on to have lower BMIs as preschoolers if their mothers engaged with them during playtime and then helped direct them during clean up.

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Center for BrainHealth® enhances capabilities with two new 3T MRI machines

(Center for BrainHealth ) The Center for BrainHealth at The University of Texas at Dallas this week installed two 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines. Housed on the ground floor of the Brain Performance Institute™, these are the first set of scanners for UT-Dallas and are some of the few MRI machines in North Texas that will be used exclusively for research related to the human brain.

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The molecular link between aging and neurodegeneration

(Harvard Medical School) Harvard Medical School researchers have discovered a molecular link between aging and a major genetic cause of both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, two related neurodegenerative diseases with shared genetic risk factors. The findings reveal possible new targets for treatment of these and other neurodegenerative diseases.

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Research reveals dangerous midlife switch of ditching activity to sit still

(University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston) People are falling into a trap of greater inactivity during middle age, according to new research from The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), which calls for its findings to be considered in future national physical activity guidelines.

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Friends who are former smokers is key to helping people with serious mental illness quit

(The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice) An estimated 53 percent of adults with serious mental illness (SMI) smoke, whereas, only 18 percent of adults in the general population smoke. While studies have shown that most smokers with SMI want to quit, they are less likely to do so. To better understand why quit rates were so low among this group, researchers from Dartmouth College and Harvard Medical School explored how social networks influenced smoking outcomes among people with SMI.

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GW cancer researchers to develop targeted therapies for pancreatic cancer

(George Washington University) A team at the George Washington University Cancer Center received more than $1.8 million from the National Institutes of Health to develop genetically engineered models to comprehensively study the role of COMPASS, a protein complex that epigenetically regulates cell fate decisions that drive the initiation and progression of pancreatic cancer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2P1fEcb

Watching the clock: faster countdowns may make people more patient

(Penn State) In a series of experiments, the speed of a countdown clock affected the patience and decision-making of video game players, both during and after the game, according to David Reitter, associate professor of information sciences and technology, Penn State. He added that participants displayed more patience when the clock quickly counted down the time remaining, compared to when the clock slowly ticked off the countdown.

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Physicians with personal cancer experience report adherence to screening guidelines less

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A new study has found that physicians with nonprofessional experience of cancer were less likely to report adhering to recommendations against screening for ovarian cancer compared with physicians without this experience.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MSxBwx

Majority of current and former cancer patients age 50+ are happy with their life

(University of Toronto) Two-thirds of current cancer patients, and more than three-quarters of former cancer patients aged 50 and over, are mentally flourishing despite their illness, according to a large, new, nationally representative study from researchers at the University of Toronto's Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work.

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Discovery of two new Chinese dinosaurs by international research team

(University of the Witwatersrand) An international research team today announces the discovery of two new Chinese dinosaurs: Bannykus and Xiyunykus.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2o1mD9L

Alzheimer's one day may be predicted during eye exam

(Washington University School of Medicine) Using technology similar to what is found in many eye doctors' offices, researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have detected evidence suggesting Alzheimer's in older patients who had no symptoms of the disease.

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How not saying 'cancer' for low-risk thyroid cancer may affect treatment preferences, patient anxiety

(JAMA Network) Could removing 'cancer' from the terminology for low-risk small papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs) reduce patients' anxiety so they consider less invasive treatment than surgery and avoid possible overtreatment for what can be indolent tumors? An online survey study of 550 Australian men and women without thyroid cancer suggests the answer is 'maybe.' Total and partial surgical removal of the thyroid are the most common management approaches for patients with PTC, but those procedures come with surgical risk, lifetime medication management and anxiety.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2P1PFlf

How did alvarezsaurian dinosaurs evolve monodactyl hand?

(Chinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters) An international research team led by XU Xing from the Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology announced the discovery of two new Chinese dinosaurs: Bannykus and Xiyunykus, in the journal Current Biology, which shed light on how alvarezsaurian dinosaurs reduced and lost their fingers.

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Discovery of two new Chinese dinosaurs by international research team

(University of the Witwatersrand) An international research team today announces the discovery of two new Chinese dinosaurs: Bannykus and Xiyunykus.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology https://ift.tt/2o1mD9L

How can parents help children navigate an increasingly diverse world?

(University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill - Office of Research Communication) A special edition of the Journal of Research on Adolescence recently published is devoted to engineering conversations that better equip parents to help their children navigate through the dynamics of an ever-changing world -- identifying how parenting may or may not be shaped by increasing population diversity. A team of multidisciplinary researchers, initiated through the Center for Developmental Science at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, provided all nine articles included in the special edition.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2o17o0x

Who owns the world? 50 years of commons research

(Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg) Fifty years ago, US ecologist Garret Hardin launched a global debate. In his essay "The Tragedy of the Commons" he warned of the consequences of a growing world population. Today, 'commons' research is established worldwide and provides answers to local and global problems. In light of this, the "World Commons Week" will be held around the world from October 4 to 12. Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) will participate with a mini-conference.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LpOs52

Children take longer to learn two languages at once compared to just one -- don't fret

(Florida Atlantic University) Bilingual children from immigrant families are not two monolinguals in one. They develop each language at a slower pace because their learning is spread across two languages. A researcher shows strong evidence that the rate of language growth is influenced by the quantity of language input. She challenges the belief, held in and out of scientific circles that children are linguistic sponges who quickly absorb the language or languages they hear and become proficient speakers of both languages.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2w1TeAL

Researchers explore retention of minorities in TBI Model System Study of race/ethnicity

(Kessler Foundation) 'These findings illustrate the pitfalls associated with grouping different minorities when looking at retention rates in TBI research,' noted co-author Anthony H. Lequerica, PhD. Clearly, race/ethnicity is important to consider when developing strategies for retaining participants in our longitudinal rehabilitation research. We need to develop retention strategies that engage Hispanic individuals, and continue to monitor their ongoing participation.'

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Landslides triggered by human activity on the rise

(European Geosciences Union) More than 50,000 people were killed by landslides around the world between 2004 and 2016, according to a new study by researchers at UK's Sheffield University. The team, who compiled data on over 4,800 fatal landslides during the 13-year period, also revealed for the first time that landslides resulting from human activity have increased over time. The research is published today in the European Geosciences Union journal Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences.

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New research proposes using local data in resolving malnutrition

(SAGE) Kwashiorkor, one of the most extreme forms of malnutrition, is estimated to affect more than a hundred thousand children annually. However, it has largely been overlooked by the scientific community. Researchers have recently attempted to increase its recognition by conducting a global study of more than 1.7 million children, but a new study published in the Food and Nutrition Bulletin reveals that kwashiorkor may be a local phenomenon that is underestimated by national statistics.

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New research presents alternative methods, like robo-advisors, to manage retirement income

(SAGE) The need to help retirees make prudent spending decisions has led to the growth of a large industry of financial advisors, but a new article suggests that improved policy approaches may be more effective. Published in Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, the study reviews the psychology behind rapid spending decisions and presents five policy options that lead to the smarter self-management of assets.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2NbnwYj

Fish lice could be early indicators of metal pollution in freshwater

(University of Johannesburg) Water quality in rivers and dams is decaying all over the world, and metal pollution is a major factor. Meanwhile, freshwater resources are very limited. A tiny fish louse shows promise as a sensitive early indicator for metal pollution in freshwater.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2w4GGIU

First book this century to survey global Pan-African movement

(University of Chichester) New book explores the history of the global Pan-African movement from key political figures Marcus Garvey and Malcolm X, to cultural expression including the Afro hairstyle and the music of Bob Marley.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MvLv8c

New research uncovers 'one of the tobacco industry's greatest scams'

(University of Bath) Parallel studies published in Tobacco Control, highlight fresh evidence on smuggled tobacco and industry-funded studies that routinely overestimate its scale.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LlvR9U

Early-life alcohol intake may increase the odds of high-grade prostate cancer

(American Association for Cancer Research) Compared with non-drinkers, men who consumed at least seven drinks per week during adolescence (ages 15-19) had three times the odds of being diagnosed with clinically significant prostate cancer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LhhKm1

Policy pivot: A new emphasis on restoration to protect Puget Sound

(University of Washington) University of Washington researchers have found policies are shifting toward restoration projects that include input from more groups and offer a range of benefits to Puget Sound, including flood control, salmon recovery, recreation and habitat protection.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2o3Vhj7

Brown researcher first to describe rapid-onset gender dysphoria

(Brown University) Rapid-onset gender dysphoria might spread through groups of friends and may be a harmful coping mechanism, a new study suggests, but more research is needed.

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UTA hosts 2nd Responsible Shale Energy Extraction Conference Oct. 12-13

(University of Texas at Arlington) The University of Texas at Arlington is hosting the second annual Responsible Shale Energy Extraction Conference Oct. 12-13. This year's event will focus on freshwater and wastewater management and will include round-table discussions on produced water recycling, water infrastructure and emerging new technologies, with industry leaders discussing their areas of expertise.

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Study investigates shortcoming of ITQ systems for fisheries

(University of Alaska Fairbanks) Individual transferable quota systems for fisheries around the world may be ideal for some fisheries, but they can exclude rural, indigenous, low-income and next-generation fishermen from the industry, according to a new paper co-authored by a University of Alaska Fairbanks professor.

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The glass ceiling: Three reasons why it still exists and is hurting the economy

(University of Chicago Booth School of Business) New research from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business finds the glass ceiling -- that invisible barrier to advancement that women face at the top levels of the workplace -- remains as intractable as ever and is a drag on the economy.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BzUY9G

New book: Entertainment media shape our politics more than we know

(University of Vermont) A new book argues that entertainment media like Game of Thrones, House of Cards and the Avengers film series shape our beliefs, in ways we aren't aware of, about social justice, crime and terrorism, tolerance and diversity, the benefits or dangers of technology and the characteristics of leadership. The author, a political science professor at the University of Vermont, based his conclusions on 13 separate studies and experiments.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2nZNYt1

New paper addresses human/wildlife conflict through use of social and ecological theory

(Wildlife Conservation Society) In a new paper in the journal Biological Conservation, the researchers apply a new approach to understand human-black bear conflicts in Durango, Colorado.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2OYsIiJ

Improving health insurance literacy aids Missourians' ACA enrollment

(Washington University in St. Louis) Community outreach and educational support for navigating health insurance options available in the Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace are crucial for helping people choose the best plan based on their individual needs. Such efforts at the state level likely contributed to a higher enrollment in ACA plans among Missourians in 2018 than in 2017.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Mtpkzp

2018 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting press registration open

(American College of Rheumatology) The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the Association for Rheumatology Health Professionals (ARHP) welcome members of the press to write about research presented at the 2018 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting by attending sessions on-site or covering them remotely.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2BB4SI3

Big data and technology in disasters: Better integration needed for effective response

(Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc.) Disasters are becoming more commonplace and complex, and the challenges for rescue and humanitarian organizations increase. Increasingly these groups turn to big data to help provde solutions. The authors wished to examine how ICT tools and big data were being used in disaster responses. By conducting a structured literature search and developing a data extraction tool on the use of ICT and big data during disasters they showed that some important gaps exist which should be part of a future research focus.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2nXPOKW

Want to know what ancient koalas ate? Check modern koalas' teeth

(Vanderbilt University) Larisa DeSantis' latest research confirms the shape of tooth wear best indicates the kind of food modern koalas and kangaroos ate, not whether it was covered in dust and dirt.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology https://ift.tt/2o0U78l

Archaeological evidence for glass industry in ninth-century city of Samarra

(PLOS) The palace-city of Samarra, capital of the former Abbasid Caliphate, was home to an advanced industry of glass production and trade, according to a study published Aug. 22, 2018 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Nadine Schibille of the CNRS, France and colleagues.

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Neandertal mother, Denisovan father!

(Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology) Up until 40,000 years ago, at least two groups of hominins inhabited Eurasia -- Neandertals in the west and Denisovans in the east. Now, researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI-EVA) in Leipzig (Germany) sequenced the genome of an ancient hominin individual from Siberia, and discovered that she had a Neandertal mother and a Denisovan father.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology https://ift.tt/2wdvQ2g

Risk of heart attacks is double for daily e-cigarette users

(University of California - San Francisco) Use of e-cigarettes every day can nearly double the odds of a heart attack, according to a new analysis of a survey of nearly 70,000 people, led by researchers at UC San Francisco. The research also found that dual use of e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes -- the most common use pattern among e-cigarette users -- appears to be more dangerous than using either product alone.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Pv4C00

Evolution and the concrete jungle

(University of Toronto) New research conducted by evolutionary biologists worldwide paints cities as evolutionary 'change agents', says a trio of biologists from the University of Toronto Mississauga (UTM) who selected and edited the studies.

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Dunnette Prize address recording

(Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology) The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) and SIOP Foundation, Inc. have released online today a video of Dunnette Prize winner Thomas J. Bouchard, Jr.'s address at the 2018 SIOP Annual Conference. Bouchard led the 20-year breakthrough Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart (MISTRA), which contradicted contemporary scientific thinking and profoundly enriched our understanding of the impact of genetics on a wide array of human attributes, including personality, intellectual ability, and political views.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2Ppiwkp

BGRF salutes its staff on launch of NAD+-focused research collaboration

(Biogerontology Research Foundation) The Biogerontology Research Foundation salutes its Chief Science Advisor Alex Zhavoronkov and Trustee Jim Mellon on the formation of Napa Therapeutics, a research collaboration with $100m+ commercialization potential between Juvenescence Limited (of which Jim Mellon is Chairman), Insilico Medicine Inc. (of which Alex Zhavoronkov is CEO), and the Buck Institute for Research on Aging.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2LdxRRL

Penn radiation oncology invests in virtual reality

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) From a mindfulness experience to patient education and medical training, Penn Radiation Oncology announces plans to invest in VR.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2whOkPb

Why are young adults wasting so much food? Study looks at perceptions and food behaviors

(University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences) Researchers at the University of Illinois wanted to get a better idea why 18- to 24-year-olds, especially college students, have a higher tendency to waste food, and how their residence type--on or off campus--plays a role. Findings from a study, published in the journal Appetite, show that during the transitionary time of young adulthood, many of the food management behaviors that might prevent food waste haven't been learned yet or haven't been necessary.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2o0DmKt

Physical therapy after a fall may help reduce emergency department revisits

(American Geriatrics Society) In a new study, published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, researchers explored whether older adults who received physical therapy (PT) services while in the ED for a fall experienced fewer fall-related repeat visits to the ED.

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People pick gifts that will 'wow' rather than satisfy recipients

(Association for Psychological Science) Gift givers tend to focus on the 'big reveal,' leading them to choose whichever gift is more likely to surprise and delight the recipient in the moment -- even when other options are more likely to bring recipients the greatest satisfaction, according to findings published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.

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Militant groups influence local policies during conflict

(Princeton University, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs) Through intimidation and political influence, illegal militant groups influenced local taxes and property rights during the Colombian Conflict, according to a study led by Princeton University.

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One of the most popular ADHD drugs may cause hallucinations and other psychotic symptoms

(Exeley Inc.) One of the most popular ADHD drugs may cause hallucinations and other psychotic symptoms. Research published in the SJCAPP says that possible adverse symptoms may affect 1.1 percent -- 2.5 percent of ADHD patients treated with methylphenidate.

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