Understudied racial minority groups show alarmingly high rates of obesity and diabetes

(University of California - Riverside) Some of the smallest and historically neglected racial groups in the United States experience far more obesity, diabetes, and other health conditions than non-Hispanic white adults, a study by researchers at the University of California, Riverside has found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yhsHm1

Internists support CMS on its patients over paperwork and meaningful measures initiative

(American College of Physicians) In a letter sent today to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Administrator Seema Verma, the American College of Physicians (ACP), expressed support and appreciation for the new initiatives recently announced by CMS to put "Patients Over Paperwork" and to ensure that the agency is using "Meaningful Measures" in all of its programs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lz0GAC

Young bats learn bat 'dialects' from their nestmates

(American Friends of Tel Aviv University) A new Tel Aviv University study finds that young bats adopt a specific 'dialect' spoken by their own colonies, even when this dialect differs from the bat 'mother tongue.' This calls into question the uniqueness of this skill in humans, say the researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hqJ7Oy

Traffic signal countdown timers lead to improved driver responses

(Oregon State University) Countdown timers that let motorists know when a traffic light will go from green to yellow lead to safer responses from drivers, research suggests.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zUSMDO

Researchers to develop real-world advance care planning program with nursing homes

(Indiana University) The National Institute on Aging has awarded two researchers at IUPUI a $400,000 grant to work with nursing homes to design a real-world program to provide systematic, high-quality advance care planning for nursing home patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2z6NIPw

More money, education only makes discrimination worse for minorities

(Ohio State University) Upwardly mobile blacks and Hispanics are more likely to experience racial discrimination than their socioeconomically stable peers, new research has found. And that might help explain racial disparities in health among middle- and upper-class Americans.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xGYMPU

Mini-microscopes reveal brain circuitry behind social behavior

(Howard Hughes Medical Institute) A microscope lens implanted deep inside a mouse's brain shows different patterns of neural activity when the mouse interacts with males, females, or other stimuli. Now, researchers have discovered that sexual experience can trigger long-term changes in these brain patterns.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lzZwF1

Little-known fruits contain powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agents

(Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) Research shows that five fruit species native to Brazil's Atlantic Rainforest biome have bioactive properties as outstanding as those of blueberries, cranberries, blackberries, and strawberries. By investigating the presence of anti-aging nutrients that also work at the prevention of cancer, diabetes and Alzheimer's, the study clears the path for the conservation and promotion of the genus Eugenia, which contains 400 species (some of them endangered) and presents huge potential in food and pharmaceutical industries.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gQG55u

Study to examine the impact of stress on the health of sexual minority adolescents

(Children's Hospital Los Angeles) Investigators will study a large national sample of youth who identify as lesbian, gay or bisexual to discover how different stress triggers, over time, can set the stage for poor health outcomes such as depression, self-harm, and substance use . The findings will be used to enable the development of targeted and effective behavioral health interventions to improve health outcomes for this vulnerable population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ikJFVN

Elderly chromosomes activate genes differently than in the young

(University of Connecticut) Grey hair, wisdom, and wrinkles on our skin mark us as we age, but it's the more subtle changes beneath the surface that make us old. Now, researchers have discovered that our chromosomes also wrinkle with age, changing how our immune system renews itself.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iiC0rc

Cleveland Clinic receives grants to study ethical issues in neurotechnology

(Cleveland Clinic) The NIH BRAIN Initiative has awarded two Cleveland Clinic researchers grants to study ethical issues involving brain surgery, as part of the first neuroethics grants awarded by the initiative.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2z6bP0V

Bilingual preschoolers show stronger inhibitory control

(University of Oregon) For students in preschool, speaking two languages may be better than one, especially for developing inhibitory control. That idea isn't new, but a University of Oregon study took a longitudinal approach to examine the bilingual advantage hypothesis, which suggests that the demands associated with managing two languages confer cognitive advantages that extend beyond the language domain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xFYWqO

Research links locus coeruleus activity with hyperarousal in PTSD

(Elsevier) A new study in Biological Psychiatry has linked signs of heightened arousal and reactivity -- a core symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) -- to overactivity of the locus coeruleus (LC), a brain region that mediates arousal and reactivity. By combining bodily responses and brain imaging data, the new paper by Dr. Christoph Mueller-Pfeiffer at the University of Zurich, Switzerland and colleagues is the first to provide direct human evidence for a theory over 30 years old.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xFYqJo

Stay focused, if you can

(University of Miami) What makes some people better able to resist temptation than others? Lucina Uddin and Jason Nomi, cognitive neuroscientists at the University of Miami College of Arts and Sciences collaborated with Rosa Steimke, a visiting postdoctoral researcher in the Brain Connectivity and Cognition Laboratory at UM, to explore this question.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gZwooU

Air pollution is associated with cancer mortality beyond lung cancer

(Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal)) A large scale epidemiological study associates some air pollutants with kidney, bladder and colorectal cancer death.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2z1cS2o

Religious affiliation at the end of life is changing globally

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) The worldwide pattern of religious affiliation at the time of death is expected to change over the next 50 years, with distinct regional trends. This is the first study to analyze the demographics of religious affiliation at the time of death on a global scale and to make projections until 2060. Despite the importance of religious affiliation for health- and death-related behavior, there have been few global predictions of this kind.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xHbFJW

Study shows voting does not reduce crime

(Yale University) A randomized controlled experiment of 550,000 potential voters in the United States shows that voting does not make people less likely to subsequently commit a crime.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zmGQP7

Stable, affordable homes don't just help patients, they save taxpayer dollars

(Boston Medical Center) By investing in housing, hospitals can help build healthier communities and save money by stemming the tide of emergency room visits and costly health interventions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iPRhnc

US cancer drug costs increasing despite competition, new research shows

(American Associates, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev) After a follow-up period of 12 years, the mean cumulative cost increase was 37 percent, including all the injectable anticancer drugs. Annual changes in pricing did not appear to be affected by new supplemental FDA approvals, new off-label indications or new competition.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zlCB6k

Trends in kids' fitness not as bad as assumed

(Frontiers) A 10-year study of more than 5,000 young children shows that first graders around Baden-Baden, Germany, have remained reasonably fit over the last decade. While aerobic fitness declined in boys, speed and balance increased in both sexes. The researchers attribute the surprisingly positive results to increased participation in organized sports throughout Germany over the past several years.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gQbEMF

Experts call for virtual European cancer institute/infrastructure

(Wiley) A new article that addresses the challenges of cancer proposes combining innovative prevention and treatment strategies in a state-of-the-art virtual European Cancer Institute/Infrastructure that promotes sharing of the highest standards of practices and big data among countries and centers across Europe and beyond.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zUJaJg

Medieval theology and natural philosophy influenced each other

(University of Helsinki) A recent doctoral dissertation in philosophy of religion demonstrates that in the Middle Ages, theology and philosophy were in dynamic interaction with one another. This is apparent in debates on the psychology of the Incarnation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iiDa66

How berberine works to slow diabetes-related cognitive decline in Rejuvenation Research

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) Researchers studying the mechanism of action of the natural, plant-derived compound berberine have linked its anti-inflammatory activity and ability to regulate levels of stress-response proteins including sirtuin to berberine positive effects on memory loss and impaired learning in an aging diabetic mouse model.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zUJCaD

'Protect your eyes while on the slopes,' scientists warn

(University of Liverpool) Snow fanatics are no doubt aware of the risk of getting sunburnt on the slopes, but a new study published in PLOS ONE shows that it is more than a red face that skiers and snowboarders should be concerned about.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hqg1Pm

MossRehab first in Northest to offer new stroke shoulder pain device

(Einstein Healthcare Network/MossRehab) MossRehab, one of the country's leading rehabilitation institutes, is now offering the SPRINT Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) System, a non-narcotic therapy for the relief of shoulder pain following a stroke. "Most pain relief options are not ideal including prescription opioids, which can provide effective, non-invasive relief, but often come with significant negative side effects," said Dr. Michael Saulino of MossRehab who will be performing the outpatient procedure.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2z0TLFW

Artificial Intelligence uncovers anti-aging plant extracts

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Insilico, a next-generation artificial intelligence company, used pioneering high-performance computer simulations to probe of the effect of plant extracts on anti-aging pathways. The resulting formulation, called Longevity A.I, is an innovative combination natural nutrients that mimic known metabolic regulators of the same anti-aging pathways targeted by calorie restriction mimetics, which have long been associated with increased life expectancy.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zl9T5v

New app will help prevent HIV among transgender women

(Portland State University) Development of a new mobile app that helps prevent HIV among transgender women and keeps them connected with supportive peers anytime, anywhere is the focus of a grant recently awarded by the National Institutes of Health to dfusion in partnership with Portland State University. Called Transwomen Connected, this HIV prevention program app will use the power of mobile devices and social networks to cater to the physical, mental and emotional needs of transgender women.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iOwsIQ

NUS researchers unravel new insights into how brain beats distractions to retain memories

(National University of Singapore) Researchers from the National University of Singapore have recently discovered a mechanism that could explain how the brain retains working memory when faced with distractions. These findings could endow cognitive flexibility to neural networks used for artificial intelligence.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xGtrgo

Smoking may cause inflammatory bowel disease

(Frontiers) A new study shows for the first time a direct effect of cigarette smoke on bowel inflammation. The researchers find that mice exposed to cigarette smoke develop a type of colitis resembling Crohn's disease. The researchers also identified a specific immune cell responsible for the effect. These findings could help scientists develop new treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn's disease, and increase awareness among smokers of their risk for colitis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ihZegR

New report proposes learning tech inequality solutions

(University of California - Irvine) Free and open technologies do not democratize education, but strategies to combat educational inequity exist and should be replicated, a new report by digital learning experts recommends. The report -- 'From Good Intentions to Real Outcomes: Equity by Design in Learning Technologies' -- published today proposes following promising strategies the authors found that are addressing equity in learning technologies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yhJgOS

The University Medical Center Groningen and Novogene announce the start of the 10K Metagenome Project

(Novogene Corporation) A research group led by Professor Cisca Wijmenga from the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG) and Novogene, a leading global provider of genomic services and solutions, today announced a partnership to start the 10K Metagenome Project to further study population-based metagenomics.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xEWeBE

Giving rookie dads the online info they really need

(McGill University Health Centre) Expectant and new parents often turn to the internet for parenting prep, but it turns out that dads often don't seem to find the information they say they need about pregnancy, parenthood and routes to their own mental health and well-being. A new study from the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre highlights just what soon-to-be and new fathers want to see in a dad-focused website and how best to meet those needs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iRbKYZ

Right-handed baseball players more successful when batting left-handed

(Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) It is known that baseball players who bat left-handed are overrepresented in the sport. But new research by David Mann (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), Florian Loffing (University of Oldenburg) and Peter Allen (Anglia Ruskin University) shows that baseball players who bat left but throw right-handed have a surprising advantage, and have a more successful career, than players who bat and throw left-handed.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2z6RyrN

Energy efficiency labeling for homes has little effect on purchase price

(Norwegian University of Science and Technology) Energy efficiency labeling, also called Energy Performance Certification (EPC), is designed to inform homebuyers about how much energy a home will consume over the years. The hope was that it would also give sellers an advantage, too. But that hasn't been the case.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2igOHTr

Native trees, shrubs provide more food for birds

(University of Delaware) Plant native trees and shrubs in your yard, and you can really help songbirds. In a study of the Carolina chickadee in the metropolitan DC area, researchers from the University of Delaware and the Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center found that native trees and shrubs support much more 'bird food' -- caterpillars -- than non-natives do.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2igM7N7

MIT Study: Long-term states of mind can affect short-term financial decisions

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) A new study by an MIT economist sheds more light on the quirks of people's actions in such cases and suggests that, in addition to immediate financial needs, persistent behavioral characteristics play a key role in even short-term pocketbook decisions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yYeRSP

Rheumatology leaders praise bipartisan framework to repeal medicare therapy caps

(American College of Rheumatology) The Medicare therapy caps were originally introduced in 1997 as a part of the Balanced Budget Act. Arbitrary caps on outpatient therapy services covered by Medicare -- including physical therapy, speech language pathology, and occupational therapy -- were put in place in order to reduce federal spending and balance the federal budget.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2A1xl4G

Financial ties of medical journal editors should be disclosed: University of Toronto study

(University of Toronto) Approximately half of the editors of 52 prestigious medical journals received payments from the pharmaceutical and medical device industry in 2014. And only a fraction of these journals publish conflict-of-interest policies for editors that address these payments, according to research by University of Toronto professors published in the journal BMJ Oct. 26, 2017.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yZe5Y8

Preparing for the power outages and water shortages of the next disaster

(University of Delaware) A team from the University of Delaware's Disaster Research Center has received a major grant from the National Science Foundation to study critical infrastructure and how people adapt to power outages and water shortages after disasters so that policymakers, businesses and individuals can adequately prepare for the future.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xAGwI3

Biogerontology Research Foundation and Juvenescence staff to present at Metabesity 2017

(Biogerontology Research Foundation) Oct. 30, 2017, London, UK: Biogerontology Research Foundation (bg-rf.org.uk) Chief Science Officer, Dr. Alex Zhavoronkov and Biogerontology Research Foundation Advisor and Head of Business Development for Juvenescence Ltd. co-founder Anthony Chow will present at The World Congress on Targeting Metabesity in London, UK on Tuesday, Oct. 31 in Session VIII: Are New Business Models Needed?.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zZMl38

Right-handed baseball players more successful when batting left-handed

(Anglia Ruskin University) It is known that baseball players who bat left-handed are overrepresented in the sport. But new research by David Mann (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), Florian Loffing (University of Oldenburg) and Peter Allen (Anglia Ruskin University) shows that baseball players who bat left but throw right-handed have a surprising advantage, and have a more successful career, than players who bat and throw left-handed.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ziQwdg

Focused ultrasound shows promise for treating Parkinson's tremor

(University of Virginia Health System) An initial test to determine if a scalpel-free form of brain surgery can reduce tremor caused by Parkinson's disease has produced encouraging results. Further research is warranted, the researchers conclude in a paper published today by the scientific journal JAMA Neurology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iNrX1f

For older adults with diabetes, losing weight with diet, exercise can improve circulation

(American Geriatrics Society) Type 2 diabetes affects blood circulation. When blood flow in the brain is impaired, it can affect the way we think and make decisions. Recently, researchers examined information from a 10-year-long study, focusing on whether participants with type 2 diabetes who lowered calories in their diet and increased physical activity had better blood flow to the brain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zkqN4l

UT professor studies effects of medicaid expansion

(University of Tennessee at Knoxville) UT social work professor Sunha Choi recently published an article in Population Health Management on the effects of Medicaid expansion on low-income individuals' access to health care.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lsBXhm

Brain & Behavior Research Foundation awards 2017 Outstanding Achievement Prizes

(Brain & Behavior Research Foundation) The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation honored nine scientists with its 2017 Outstanding Achievement Prizes for their work in schizophrenia, mood disorders, child and adolescent psychiatry, and cognitive neuroscience. The award presentation took place on Friday, October 27th at the Foundation's International Awards Dinner and 30th Anniversary Celebration, honoring the transformative power of neuroscience and psychiatric research to improve the lives of people with mental illness, which affects one in five people.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ziGaKF

VTT-originated Spectral Engines develops a portable drug screening device for police officers

(VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland) Spectral Engines, a growth company that originated at VTT, is about to launch a portable drug screening device police patrols can use for rapid and cost-efficient on-site screening of suspected drugs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gWdnE8

Social media data use needs tighter research controls, experts say

(University of Edinburgh) Information shared on social media is being regularly used in research projects without users' consent, a study from the University of Edinburgh suggests. Experts have called for tighter control of the practice, with fresh guidelines needed to ensure personal data is being used appropriately.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iKflaW

Depression is on the rise in the US, especially among young teens

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) Depression is on the rise in the United States. From 2005 to 2015, depression rose significantly among Americans age 12 and older with the most rapid increases seen in young people. This is the first study to identify trends in depression by gender, income, and education over the past decade.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ygGLMs

Virtual reality reduces phantom pain in paraplegics

(Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) Virtual reality reduces phantom body pain in paraplegics and creates the illusion that they can feel their paralyzed legs being touched again. The results could one day translate into therapies to reduce chronic pain in paraplegics.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zhKolr

Breastfeeding for two months halves risk of SIDS, study finds

(University of Virginia Health System) Breastfeeding for at least two months cuts a baby's risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome almost in half, a sweeping new international study has found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gVSLLV

Biogerontology Research Foundation and Juvenescence Staff to Present at Metabesity 2017

(Biogerontology Research Foundation) October 30, 2017, London, UK: Biogerontology Research Foundation (bg-rf.org.uk) Chief Science Officer, Dr. Alex Zhavoronkov and Biogerontology Research Foundation Advisor and Head of Business Development for Juvenescence Ltd. (http://ift.tt/2yX7Ggb) co-founder Anthony Chow will present at The World Congress on Targeting Metabesity (http://ift.tt/2y2XykY) in London, UK on Tuesday, October 31 in Session VIII: Are New Business Models Needed?

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ho7ZXl

CMU and Pitt brain imaging science identifies individuals with suicidal thoughts

(Carnegie Mellon University) Researchers have developed an innovative and promising approach to identify suicidal individuals by analyzing the alterations in how their brains represent certain concepts, such as death, cruelty and trouble. Published in Nature Human Behaviour, the study offers a new approach to assessing psychiatric disorders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ho7XPd

Albert Einstein teams find 89 percent of hispanic women use herbal remedies

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A new study comparing use of herbal remedies among Hispanic women and non-Hispanic white women showed higher than expected use of herbal treatments by both groups, 89% and 81%, respectively.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hncL7l

Umbilical cord blood improves motor skills in some children with cerebral palsy

(Duke University Medical Center) An infusion of cells from a child's own umbilical cord blood appears to improve brain connectivity and motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy, according to a randomized clinical trial published this week by Stem Cells Translational Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iJUEMi

Both the aggressor and the victim: alarming number of teens cyberbully themselves

(Florida Atlantic University) A new form of self-harm in youth has emerged and is cause for concern. The behavior: 'digital self-harm' or 'self-trolling,' where adolescents post, send or share mean things about themselves anonymously online. The concern: it is happening at alarming rates and could be a cry for help. A new FAU study is the first to examine the extent of this behavior and is the most comprehensive investigation of this understudied problem.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zhVIhs

Willingness to take risks -- a personality trait

(University of Basel) People differ in their willingness to take risks. An individual's propensity for risk taking can also vary across domains. However, there is new evidence showing that there is also a general factor of individual risk preference, which remains stable over time -- akin to the general Intelligence Quotient (IQ). Researchers from Switzerland and Germany report these findings based on over 1500 participants in the journals Science Advances and Nature Human Behaviour.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gUCFCt

Work-family balance can tip wrong way for some young doctors

(Medical University of South Carolina) Female medical interns are more likely to suffer from symptoms of depression than their male counterparts, and the conflict between work and family responsibilities is a factor in that gender difference about a third of the time.That's a key finding of a study published today in the Journal of the American Medical Association - Internal Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iMlvr2

Intake of pesticide residue from fruits, vegetables and infertility treatment outcomes

(The JAMA Network Journals) Eating more fruits and vegetables with high-pesticide residue was associated with a lower probability of pregnancy and live birth following infertility treatment for women using assisted reproductive technologies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zhVFSO

Early childhood adversities linked to health problems in tweens, teens

(Washington University School of Medicine) Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified a pathway in the brain that seems to connect exposure to adverse experiences during early childhood with depression and problems with physical health in teens and preteens.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2A0zRZ9

Helping smokers quit: Payments, personalized support can work

(Boston Medical Center) A new study found that smokers who received financial incentives, in addition to personalized support, to help them quit were more successful than smokers who did not receive these interventions. Published in JAMA Internal Medicine, the study demonstrates that these approaches could play an important role in helping people quit smoking.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xAscPG

UNIST unveils new fast-charging, high-energy electric-car battery technology

(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)) An international team of researchers, affiliated with South Korea's Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) has presented a novel hydrogen isotope separation system based on a porous metal organic framework (MOF). Their work has been selected to appear on the cover of the October 2017 issue of JACS.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yWAJ3b

Children associated with terrorism often motivated by love, not hate, says UN think tank

(United Nations University) Contrary to conventional wisdom, UNU research suggests that children join armed groups for positive, pro-social reasons. These findings have significant policy implications as many existing efforts to prevent violent extremism operate on the assumption that antisocial tendencies drive involvement with violent groups.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2A0hJ1v

Minorities less likely to have breast reconstruction, but not for the reason many think

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) Minority women are far less likely to undergo breast reconstruction than white women, even if they live in the same area and have similar insurance.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zifI3H

UIC hopes to reduce LGBTQ youth homelessness

(University of Illinois at Chicago) A new website, '3/40 Blueprint,' was recently launched by the University of Illinois at Chicago as a primary site for identifying promising practices that serve LGBTQ youth who are experiencing homelessness and to publish new information on the struggles of this vulnerable population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xzj79M

University Carlos III of Madrid and IMDEA Networks bring 5G technology to the stage

(IMDEA Networks Institute) University Carlos III of Madrid (UC3M) participates in the seventeenth edition of the Madrid Science Week with more than thirty activities (all free-of-charge) that will offer a first-hand knowledge of the Institution's R&D+i program. IMDEA Networks is collaborating with UC3M in the staging of a multimedia, theatrical and informative show that explores the effects of 5G technology in our everyday lives. The show will held on November 7th in the Auditorium of the UC3M.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hnu6Ng

Research pinpoints powerful biomarker of ,ultiple sclerosis

(University of Sydney) A breakthrough study led by the University of Sydney's Brain and Mind Centre and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital has revealed unique molecules in the blood of people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) that could become definitive diagnostic biomarkers of the world's most common neurologic disability in young adults. Published today in Nature Scientific Reports, the discovery identifies tiny 'dysregulated' micro-RNA molecules that correctly diagnose MS and discriminate between patients at different disease stages -- all in a simple blood test.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zhcdu9

Wait a minute! Clamping the umbilical cord later saves preterm babies' lives

(University of Sydney) Thousands of preterm babies could be saved by waiting 60 seconds before clamping the umbilical cord after birth instead of clamping it immediately -- according to two international studies coordinated by the University of Sydney's National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre. Approved for publishing in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the review found clear evidence that delayed clamping reduced hospital mortality by a third and is safe for mothers and pre-term infants.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hnwROX

Group exercise improves quality of life, reduces stress far more than individual work outs

(American Osteopathic Association) Group exercise participants showed significant improvements in all three quality of life measures: mental (12.6 percent), physical (24.8 percent) and emotional (26 percent). They also reported a 26.2 percent reduction in perceived stress levels. By comparison, individual fitness participants on average worked out twice as long, and saw no significant changes in any measure, except in mental quality of life (11 percent increase).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gVWERi

Bonding benefits of breastfeeding extend years beyond infancy

(American Psychological Association) Women who breastfeed their children longer exhibit more maternal sensitivity well past the infant and toddler years, according to a 10-year longitudinal study published by the American Psychological Association.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iKelno

Sanford Health to study alternatives to opioids

(Sanford Health/Sanford Research) Sanford Health is one of three sites in the US to launch a study to determine if non-opioid medications are as effective in managing pain after carpal-tunnel surgery.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zhYxiC

Montessori preschool boosts academic results and reduces income-based inequality

(Frontiers) US researchers find that children in Montessori preschools show improved academic performance and social understanding, while enjoying their school work more. Strikingly, children from low-income families, who typically don't perform as well at school, show similar academic performance as children from high-income families. Children with low executive function also benefit from Montessori preschools.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2z2R2ey

Bears not bothered by diet high in saturated fats

(Canadian Science Publishing) A new study found that captive bears fed a diet high in saturated fats and low in "healthy" polyunsaturated fats did not show symptoms of disease typically observed in humans eating foods high in saturated fats such as insulin resistance, a precursor to type 2 diabetes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gNn4AS

Moving neuroscience into the fast lane

(RIKEN) Scientists at the RIKEN Brain Science Institute in Japan have developed a high-throughput system to study mouse behavior and physiology. Described in Nature Communications, the system allows mice to train themselves for behavioral tasks, and even to self-fix their heads for recording neural activity from the brain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gLZswq

People who value virtue show wiser reasoning

(Association for Psychological Science) From romantic dramas to tensions at work, we're often better at working through other people's problems than our own -- while we may approach our friends' problems with wise, clear-eyed objectivity, we often view our own problems through a personal, flawed, emotional lens. But new research suggests that people who are motivated to develop the best in themselves and others don't show this bias -- they tend to reason just as wisely about their own problems as they do for others.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lrLTra

E-cigarette use by high school students linked to cigarette smoking

(Canadian Medical Association Journal) Use of e-cigarettes by high school students was strongly associated with later cigarette smoking, according to a large study conducted in two Canadian provinces and published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lrLPHW

Oldest recorded solar eclipse helps date the Egyptian pharaohs

(University of Cambridge) Researchers have pinpointed the date of what could be the oldest solar eclipse yet recorded. The event, which occurred on Oct. 30, 1207 BC, is mentioned in the Bible, and could have consequences for the chronology of the ancient world.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yVRWY1

Mental health clinicians need to better engage men with depression

(University of Sydney) The approach to treating men with depression needs to change if their increased uptake of mental health services is to be successful, researchers from Australia and Canada have found. The number of Australian men seeking clinical intervention to deal with depression has increased about 10 percent in the past 10 years but men still account for three quarters of Australia's suicides.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hkzjWi

Oldest recorded solar eclipse helps date the Egyptian pharaohs

(University of Cambridge) Researchers have pinpointed the date of what could be the oldest solar eclipse yet recorded. The event, which occurred on Oct. 30, 1207 BC, is mentioned in the Bible, and could have consequences for the chronology of the ancient world.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2yVRWY1

New research on the Caribbean's largest concentration of indigenous pre-Columbian rock art

(University of Leicester) New research reveals key discoveries including first direct rock art dates in the Caribbean, how pre-Columbian rock-art was made and paint recipes.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2iKJQxF

Colorectal cancer screening should start at 45, new research shows

(Spink Health) Scientists in France analyzed over 6,000 colonoscopies and found a 400 percent increase in the detection of neoplasia in patients aged between 45-49 in comparison to aged 40-44. The vast majority of colorectal cancer screening programs throughout Europe commence between the ages of 50 and 55, with some not beginning until the age of 60.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2idQ5pD

Sharing experiences improves wellbeing of healthcare staff

(University of Surrey) Healthcare staff who regularly share the emotional, social or ethical challenges they face in the workplace experience less psychological distress, improved teamwork and increased empathy and compassion for patients and colleagues, a new study commissioned by the National Institute for Health Research reports.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zKuzA8

$12.5M grant allows MUSC and SCSU to team up to tackle health disparities

(Medical University of South Carolina) Dr. Marvella Ford is helping to lead the effort to establish the South Carolina Cancer Disparities Research Center. It's funded by a $12.5 million grant from the National Cancer Institute.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xtBNrz

Second University of Colorado vaccine approved by FDA for shingles

(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) The Centers for Disease Control's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended new treatment practices Wednesday for shingles based on a vaccine initially developed at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, now the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gP5vEf

Dry mouth symptoms can be side effect of certain medications for older adults

(American Geriatrics Society) For older adults, dry mouth can be a common side effect of prescribed medications. However, there's much we don't understand about the connection between medications and dry mouth in older adults. Recently, researchers examined 52 related studies to learn more. Their research was published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2i9Q85U

HIIT alters brain glucose metabolism in insulin resistant people

(University of Turku) Researchers at the University of Turku, Finland, studied how high-intensity interval training (HIIT) alters the brain's glucose metabolism in physically inactive insulin resistant people. Only two weeks of HIIT training reduced glucose metabolism in all areas of the brain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hfQLLJ

Universities drive innovation in the classroom

(University of South Florida (USF Innovation)) The current issue of Technology and Innovation, Journal of the National Academy of Inventors ® (19.2) examines innovation from the university perspective, highlighting what the most innovative institutions and educators worldwide are doing to prepare future engineers and industry leaders to effectively manage IP to grow their companies and the global economy as a whole.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zdDcqs

Men lacking a caregiver face a greater risk of being placed in a nursing home after stroke

(Wiley) A Journal of the American Geriatrics Society study found that in men aged 65 and older who survived an ischemic stroke, the lack of an available caregiver was associated with triple the risk of nursing home placement within five years.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zVkfX1

FSU researcher: Modern civilization doesn't diminish violence

(Florida State University) Modern civilization may not have dulled mankind's bloodlust, but living in a large, organized society may increase the likelihood of surviving a war, a Florida State University anthropology professor said.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2hfQdFo

FSU researcher: Modern civilization doesn't diminish violence

(Florida State University) Modern civilization may not have dulled mankind's bloodlust, but living in a large, organized society may increase the likelihood of surviving a war, a Florida State University anthropology professor said.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hfQdFo

A film research study shows how the brain reacts to difficult moral issues

(Aalto University) The family relationship between film characters clearly affects the reactions in the viewers' brain. The study has also detected a significant conflict between the reactions of the brain and the person's own account.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zJBZUj

Easing refugees' trauma with psychotherapy

(Bielefeld University) They are suffering from nightmares, flashbacks, depression, or anxiety disorders: refugees coming to Germany from conflict areas are frequently traumatized. 'Realistic estimates state that up to 40 per cent of refugees have mental problems. Hence, for the period since 2015, we are talking about several hundred thousand people who are in real need of psychological support,' says Professor Dr. Frank Neuner from Bielefeld University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hen2m2

'European Muslims perceive the EU more positively than other Europeans'

(Cluster of Excellence "Religion and Politics") For the first time, the Cluster of Excellence analyses the attitudes of European Muslims towards the EU - Far less sceptical than other groups such as Christians and those without religious affiliation - Reason probably lies with their relatively higher life satisfaction in their host country - Religiosity does not seem to influence the attitudes of Muslims towards the EU - Experiencing discrimination however threatens positive attitudes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hemE74

World's leading bodies of social and natural sciences to merge in 2018

(International Council for Science) At a historic joint meeting, members of two leading international science councils voted to merge, launching a process that will see the formation of a single global entity called the International Science Council that unites the scientific community, including all social and natural sciences.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lmSrr6

Peers can reduce tobacco use among younger smokers

(University of California - Davis Health System) Participating in a brief intervention delivered by their peers in community settings can help reduce smoking among youth and young adults, a new study from a team of tobacco-cessation researchers shows. Published in the Journal of Community Health, the study also showed that the most effective tools in the intervention were informational conversations about the consequences of smoking and a 'quit kit' of behavior-replacement activities.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xsbf9P

Virtual coasts improve understanding of possible coastal planning outcomes

(Frontiers) Newly developed immersive geographic visualization tool is the first of its kind to use audio and visual animations and an underwater perspective. This enables people to assess the aesthetic aspects of potential management scenarios through a first-person perspective and leads to a greater appreciation for environmental protection.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iG17rv

Advanced artificial limbs mapped in the brain

(Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) EPFL scientists from the Center for Neuroprosthetics have used functional MRI to show how the brain re-maps motor and sensory pathways following targeted motor and sensory reinnervation (TMSR), a neuroprosthetic approach where residual limb nerves are rerouted towards intact muscles and skin regions to control a robotic limb.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yV1vsg

Regular marijuana use linked to more sex, Stanford study finds

(Stanford University Medical Center) A study by investigators at the Stanford University School of Medicine indicates that, despite concerns among physicians and scientists that frequent marijuana use may impair sexual desire or performance, the opposite appears more likely to be the case.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yQahG0

Efforts to revive coal industry unlikely to work, may slow job growth

(Indiana University) Current federal efforts to revive the coal industry will likely do more harm than good to fragile Appalachian communities transitioning from coal as a major source of employment, according to a study conducted by Indiana University researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2z9wamO

How often does your heart skip a beat? The answer may explain why fewer blacks have AF than whites

(Elsevier) Recent studies have determined that blacks have a lower risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with whites despite having a higher prevalence of risk factors such as hypertension and heart failure. A new study found evidence that blacks experience statistically significantly fewer premature atrial contractions but with similar frequencies of premature ventricular contractions. Both are common causes of early, skipped, or irregular heartbeats. This difference in atrial ectopy by race may help explain the substantial differences in AF rates between blacks and whites.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zaZMjR

UTA professor's book says lack of transit access increases social inequality

(University of Texas at Arlington) Diane Jones Allen, the UTA director of landscape architecture in UTA's College of Architecture, Planning and Public Affairs, used case studies in New Orleans, Baltimore and Chicago to write "Lost in the Transit Desert: Race, Transit Access, and Suburban Form," published recently by Routledge Research in Planning and Urban Design.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2i7sLtT

Global trade entrenches poverty traps

(Santa Fe Institute) A theorem published this week suggests that greater engagement in the international exchange can actually reinforce productivity-impeding practices that keep countries in poverty.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iCjBJs

Does population size affect rates of violence?

(University of Chicago Press Journals) A new article in Current Anthropology argues small-scale societies are likely to be victims, rather than perpetrators, of violence

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xrcIxt

CNS awards Lithuanian professor for the paradigm shift in neurolog

(Kaunas University of Technology) The paper based on the study undertaken by the team of Lithuanian researchers was bestowed Paper of the Year award by The Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS), USA. The paper 'Association of Severe TBI Patients' Outcomes with Duration of Cerebrovascular Autoregulation Impairment Events' was awarded in Neurotrauma & Critical Care section. Kaunas University of Technology (KTU) Professor Arminas Ragauskas was granted the award during the annual meeting of the Congress in Boston.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yNagoD

Case Western Reserve research advance may prevent a form of hereditary hearing loss

(Case Western Reserve University) A research advance co-led by Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine's Kumar Alagramam, PhD, may stop the progression of hearing loss and lead to significant preservation of hearing in people with Usher syndrome type III, a form of hereditary hearing loss linked to defects in the sensory "hair" cells in the inner ear. USH3 is caused by a mutation in the clarin-1 gene.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gEnlGd

Three new lung cancer genetic biomarkers are identified in Dartmouth study

(Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center) SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) are variations in our DNA that determine our susceptibility to developing some diseases. Using the largest genome-wide SNP-smoking interaction analysis reported for lung cancer, a research team led by Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center's Yafang Li, PhD, has identified three novel SNPs. The results from their study reinforce that gene-smoking interactions play important roles in the etiology of lung cancer and account for part of the missing heritability of this disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2i7WfYA

Prize-winning research helps reveal how the brain is built

(American Association for the Advancement of Science) Flavio Donato has been named the 2017 grand prize winner in the annual international competition for The Eppendorf & Science Prize for Neurobiology. Curious about the brain's 'instruction manual' during development, Donato sought to make sense of how the components that make up the brain work together to form a highly functional organ.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2iBXens

Study: How cities can best fight climate change

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) A new study co-authored by an MIT professor indicates it will be easier for cities to reduce emissions coming from residential energy use rather than from local transportation -- and this reduction will happen mostly thanks to better building practices, not greater housing density.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y7pAgD

Health care access improves with state-level medicaid expansion

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A new study has shown that low-income US residents living in Medicaid expansion states are significantly more likely to have health insurance and to receive a routine check-up compared to low-income residents of non-expansion states.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ljg4Rx

Assaults decrease by 3 percent the Monday after Daylight Saving

(University of Pennsylvania) Assaults decrease by 3 percent the Monday after the switch to Daylight Saving Time in the spring, according to findings from researchers Rebecca Umbach, Greg Ridgeway and Adrian Raine of the University of Pennsylvania. In the fall, the opposite takes place, with violence rising by about the same percentage.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y7px4r

Study: Junk food almost twice as distracting as healthy food

(Johns Hopkins University) When we haven't eaten, junk food is twice as distracting as healthy food or non-food items.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yP6l8y

Bat Poop: A Reliable Source of Climate Change

(University of South Florida (USF Health)) Isotopes found in bat guano over the last 1,200 years provide scientists with information on how the climate was and is changing.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2gFhC2Q

Deeper understanding of ISIS propaganda can help in the fight against terrorism

(University of Missouri-Columbia) Douglas Wilbur, a retired major in the U.S. Army and a doctoral student in the School of Journalism at the University of Missouri, is continuing the fight against ISIS by studying the Islamic militant organization's propaganda texts and communication strategies. His work could help the military in the fight against terrorism.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zHt0CZ

For college men, low awareness of HPV risk -- Education may help increase vaccination rate

(Wolters Kluwer Health) Male collegiate athletes have high rates of risk factors for infection with the cancer-causing human papillomavirus (HPV), but have low HPV vaccination rates and low awareness of their personal health risks, according to a study in the November issue of The Nurse Practitioner, published by Wolters Kluwer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zHjWOf

The Guanches originated from North Africa, shows DNA-study

(Stockholm University) The aboriginal inhabitants of the Canary Islands, commonly known as the Guanches, originated from North Africa. A team of international researchers led by Stockholm University, and including Liverpool John Moores University's Dr Linus Girdland-Flink, has now confirmed this long-held hypothesis. The result has been achieved by sequencing ancient DNA extracted from the University of Edinburgh's collection of skulls from Guanches who lived on Gran Canaria and Tenerife prior to the European conquest in the 15th century AD.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zHCEWm

Manipulating mitochondrial networks could promote healthy aging

(Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health) Manipulating mitochondrial networks inside cells -- either by dietary restriction or by genetic manipulation that mimics it -- may increase lifespan and promote health, according to new research from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zHmvQA

The Guanches originated from North Africa, shows DNA-study

(Stockholm University) The aboriginal inhabitants of the Canary Islands, commonly known as the Guanches, originated from North Africa. A team of international researchers led by Stockholm University, and including Liverpool John Moores University's Dr Linus Girdland-Flink, has now confirmed this long-held hypothesis. The result has been achieved by sequencing ancient DNA extracted from the University of Edinburgh's collection of skulls from Guanches who lived on Gran Canaria and Tenerife prior to the European conquest in the 15th century AD.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2zHCEWm

The Bakhshali manuscript: The world's oldest zero?

(University of Alberta) Last month, the Bodleian Library at Oxford University announced that a Sanskrit manuscript housed in the library for the last century contains the oldest known written zero, although not a 'true' zero. An international group of historians of Indian mathematics has now challenged those findings.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2gE3xTk

The nose reveals our relationship with our emotions

(Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati) An alexithymic individual has difficulty, to a greater or lesser degree, in relating to emotions. New research seeks to shed light on new aspects of the condition using olfactory tests. The results demonstrate that one of the characteristics of alexithymia is the altered physiological response to olfactory stimuli. The tests also showed that there are differences in reactions between subjects characterised by affective alexithymia and those with cognitive alexithymia, which compromises the ability to identify, express and distinguish emotions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yPMZQO

The Bakhshali manuscript: The world's oldest zero?

(University of Alberta) Last month, the Bodleian Library at Oxford University announced that a Sanskrit manuscript housed in the library for the last century contains the oldest known written zero, although not a 'true' zero. An international group of historians of Indian mathematics has now challenged those findings.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gE3xTk

Sidetracked by a donut?

(Springer) Sugary, fatty foods are a distraction -- more so than low-calorie foods and everyday objects -- even if you are busy with a task that isn't remotely related to food, or are not even thinking about eating. This is according to Corbin Cunningham and Howard Egeth of Johns Hopkins University in the US, in the journal Psychonomic Bulletin & Review which is published by Springer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2i6OIcy

Cataract surgery in older women associated with decreased risk of death

(The JAMA Network Journals) In older women with cataracts in the Women's Health Initiative, cataract surgery was associated with a lower risk for overall and cause-specific death, although whether this association is explained by the intervention of cataract surgery is unclear, according to a study published by JAMA Ophthalmology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gFbCaq

Politicians who use violent rhetoric are driving greater polarization

(Brigham Young University) Scroll through Twitter or watch an NFL game and you'll quickly remember we live in a time of unprecedented political polarization. Who's to blame for the lack of unity? According to researchers, politicians' penchant for using violent language isn't helping.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gLonUt

Ancient tastes: Book examines how Greeks and Romans inspired modern flavors

(University of Kent) Like today, ancient food fads came with dire warnings about the consequences of new arrivals on the scene. For example, when Sicilian sweets were introduced to Greece, some regarded them as a delicious luxury while others -- such as Plato -- said they would destroy the morality of the people. From battlefields and imperial courts to sanctuaries and boudoirs, tasting is a dangerous game in antiquity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y6eFna

Doctors need cultural training

(The University of Bergen) General practioners in Norway show little competency in understanding different cultures, a new study shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hcBJpM

For older adults, keeping your heart healthy may protect against disability

(American Geriatrics Society) Recently, a team of researchers studied older Latin Americans to examine the relationship between the American Heart Association's definition of 'ideal cardiovascular health' and disability. Their study was published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Association.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zFKU95

Dynamic catalytic converters for clean air in the city

(Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) ) Reducing pollutant emission of vehicles and meeting stricter exhaust gas standards are major challenges when developing catalytic converters. A new concept might help to efficiently treat exhaust gases after the cold start of engines and in urban traffic and to reduce the consumption of expensive noble metal. It is based on the interaction between platinum and the cerium oxide carrier to control catalytic activity by short-term changes of the engine's operation mode, researchers report in the journal Angewandte Chemie (Applied Chemistry).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hcByuC

Ancient tastes: Book examines how Greeks and Romans inspired modern flavors

(University of Kent) Like today, ancient food fads came with dire warnings about the consequences of new arrivals on the scene. For example, when Sicilian sweets were introduced to Greece, some regarded them as a delicious luxury while others -- such as Plato -- said they would destroy the morality of the people. From battlefields and imperial courts to sanctuaries and boudoirs, tasting is a dangerous game in antiquity.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2y6eFna

Individual with complete spinal cord injury regains voluntary motor function

(University of Louisville) A research participant at the University of Louisville with a complete spinal cord injury, who had lost motor function below the level of the injury, has regained the ability to move his legs voluntarily and stand six years after his injury.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2izrBLl

Smell sensitivity varies with circadian rhythm, study suggests

(Brown University) A person's ability to smell may vary throughout the day in accordance with their circadian rhythm, according to new evidence in a small study by Brown University researchers who are looking at how sleep may influence eating patterns in teens.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lfK0xP

SU2C launches 'cancer interception' initiative to detect & treat cancer at earliest stages

(Entertainment Industry Foundation) Stand Up To Cancer (SU2C), the Lustgarten Foundation for Pancreatic Cancer Research, LUNGevity, and the American Lung Association, have awarded a total of $16.6 million to four teams of top researchers to carry out an attack on cancers of the lung and pancreas using a radical new approach of "interception" of cancers at very early stages when they can be more successfully treated, even catching precancerous cells and blocking them from turning into cancer cells.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zRcjWz

Insilico to lecture on the recent advances in AI and blockchain for the pharma industry

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Insilico Medicine, a leader in the field of artificial intelligence, will present at the Singularity University Exponential Medicine Program in San Diego on Wednesday November 8 in Session XVIII - Future of Pharma.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gK3hpO

UBC researcher prescribes specific exercise dosage for those with spinal cord injury

(University of British Columbia Okanagan campus) An international committee, led by UBC Okanagan researcher Kathleen Martin Ginis, has come up with exercise recommendations specifically tailored for people with spinal cord injuries. These will be presented at the International Spinal Cord Society Annual Scientific Meeting in Dublin, Ireland this week.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2h9Olhy

Biodiversity, ecosystem services, land degradation: IPBES launching 5 major assessments

(Terry Collins Assoc) Five major reports have been prepared over the last three years by more than 550 leading experts from 100 countries.Four of these reports are authoritative, up-to-date assessments of the state and forecasts of biodiversity and nature's services to people in four world regions: the Americas, Asia and the Pacific, Africa, and Europe and Central Asia. A fifth report describes the state and forecasts of land degradation and restoration at both regional and global levels.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yKsUxA

Researchers find immune cells help rebuild damaged nerves

(Case Western Reserve University) Immune cells are normally associated with fighting infection but in a new study, scientists have discovered how they also help the nervous system clear debris, clearing the way for nerve regeneration after injury. In a study published in the Journal of Neuroscience, researchers from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine showed certain immune cells--neutrophils--can clean up nerve debris, while previous models have attributed nerve cell damage control to other cells entirely.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zDBdYE

Information re-sharing on social network sites in the age of fake news

(University of Redlands) Recent research, Information Re-Sharing on Social Network Sites in the Age of Fake News, looks at resharing behavior on social network sites (SNS) and how the perception of the three dimensions of information quality -- reliability, relevance, and enjoyment -- could influence users' intention to re-share the content they see on SNSs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y6XiOq

UCLA neuroscientists improve human memory by electrically stimulating brain

(University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences) UCLA neuroscientists have discovered precisely where and how to electrically stimulate the human brain to enhance people's recollection of distinct memories.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xmTOHT

Medicare patients in poorest US counties more likely to incur higher out-of-pocket hospitalization expenses

(Elsevier) When Medicare beneficiaries are admitted to the hospital, their care is normally covered by Part A benefits with a fixed deductible. However, when the hospital stay is "for observation," Part B benefits take over, bringing with them cost-sharing and potentially large out-of-pocket expenses. In a study published in The American Journal of Medicine, researchers found that patients in low-income U.S. counties utilized observation care more commonly than those of wealthier counties, potentially exposing them to high out-of-pocket expenses.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yO9N4I

Wiley announces launch of Wiley digital archives

(Wiley) John Wiley and Sons Inc., (NYSE:JW-A) (NYSE:JW-B) is pleased to announce a new program of digital primary sources providing unprecedented access to historical records across the sciences and medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zD8Zxi

Multi-site study will examine CBT for traumatic brain injury-induced seizures

(Brown University) With a $3.6 million award from the US Department of Defense researchers in Rhode Island and Alabama will study whether a form of cognitive behavior therapy could be effective in reducing seizure frequency or severity in those with TBI.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zMV74B

USDA strengthens agricultural sciences at HSIs to cultivate future scientists and leaders

(National Institute of Food and Agriculture ) WASHINGTON, Oct. 25, 2017 -- The U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) today announced grants to support agricultural science education at Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs). These grants will strengthen the ability of the institutions to carry out education, applied research, and related community development programs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zCunTt

6,000-year-old skull could be from the world's earliest known tsunami victim

(Field Museum) Scientists have discovered what they believe is the skull of the earliest known tsunami victim, a person who lived 6,000 years ago in Papua New Guinea. The skull itself was found almost a hundred years ago, but recent analysis of the sediments found with the skull reveals that they bear distinctive hallmarks of tsunami activity.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2ySJlrr

Ancient skull likely to belong to world's oldest tsunami victim

(University of New South Wales) A new geological analysis of the site where a 6000-year old human skull was discovered in Papua New Guinea in 1929 has revealed that the person most likely died in a catastrophic tsunami. The researchers found the place where the Aitape Skull was unearthed was a coastal lagoon that was inundated by a large tsunami about 6000 years ago, similar to the one that struck nearby with such devastating effect in 1998, killing more than 2000 people.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2yLXx3h

Lehigh University honored with award for program revolutionizing inmate assignment system

(Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences) Nearly 100 unique factors are considered during the complicated task of assigning inmates to Department of Correction's facilities. What once took seven employees nearly a week to accomplish can now be completed in less than 10 minutes at an expected savings of nearly $3 million, thanks to a team from Lehigh University and the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections, who were presented the Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice by INFORMS.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yPo6GQ

Study identifies risk and protective factors for depressive symptoms in African-American men

(Georgia State University) African-American men report an average of eight depressive symptoms in a month, with family support, mastery, self-esteem, chronic stressors and discrimination among the factors that are significant to their psychological health, according to a new study led by researchers at Georgia State University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yLjHCA

Machine learning detects marketing and sale of Opioids on Twitter

(University of California - San Diego) Using advanced machine learning, a cross disciplinary team of University of California San Diego researchers developed technology that mined Twitter to identify entities illegally selling prescription opioids online.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lgcYxw

Immigrant parents, refugees face greater mental health challenges; Kids' learning at risk

(University of Toronto) Canadian immigrant parents, refugees, women and minorities are at greater risk of mental health issues and socioeconomic challenges, with their children more likely to suffer learning setbacks before kindergarten, a pair of studies by researchers at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE) at the University of Toronto have shown.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y5CETt

The psychological toll of shame in military personnel

(British Psychological Society) Feelings of shame may make the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) more severe in current and former members of the Armed Services.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lf7SBM

Study finds 3M Americans carry a loaded handgun daily

(Northeastern University) Approximately 9 million handgun owners in the United States carry loaded handguns on a monthly basis, while 3 million report carrying on a daily basis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yK1NTa

Urologists voice concerns about Opioid dependence in postoperative patients

(Elsevier) In a new study in The Journal of Urology®, researchers investigated to what extent patients who had undergone urological surgery later became opioid dependent or overdosed. Although the overall risk was low (0.09%, about 1 in 1,111 patients), several risk factors for ODO were identified.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xna1gi

Pre-clinical study suggests path toward non-addictive painkillers

(Indiana University) A pre-clinical study in the journal Biological Psychiatry reports that the use of the positive allosteric modulator GAT211 enhances the effect of pain-relief chemicals produced by the body in response to stress or injury. The research is a promising step forward in the search for pain relief methods without the addictive side effects of opioids.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xndXxw

CAMH study reveals promising new avenue to explore treatments for Alzheimer's disease

(Centre for Addiction and Mental Health) In an innovative study, researchers at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) have discovered brain changes linked to memory loss in people with Alzheimer's disease. The discovery provides a new focus for exploring ways to treat or prevent dementia, which currently affects more than 560,000 Canadians.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zCCxLn

Women more likely to die in the first year after a heart attack

(Technical University of Munich (TUM)) Heart attacks pose a greater threat to women than to men. A team at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has determined that in the first year after a heart attack women are subject to a significantly higher mortality risk than men with similar case histories. The scientists are urging doctors to provide intensive support to female heart attack patients, above all in the first 365 days after the event.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zDxwSZ

Why arched backs are attractive

(Springer) Researchers have provided scientific evidence for what lap dancers and those who twerk probably have known all along -- men are captivated by the arched back of a woman. A team led by Farid Pazhoohi of the University of Minho in Portugal used 3-D models and eye-tracking technology to show how the subsequent slight thrusting out of a woman's hips can hold a man's gaze. The findings are published in Springer's journal Evolutionary Psychological Science.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2h9n52J

The male dominance in diplomacy is changing

(University of Gothenburg) The number of female diplomats in the world has increased in the last 20 years, although the most prestigious positions remain heavily male dominated. However, even this imbalance is changing, according to new research from the University of Gothenburg.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zDxnPr

International summit on quackery and pseudoscience

(Stellenbosch University) The dangers of pseudoscience and quackery in healthcare will come under scrutiny later this year at a ground-breaking international summit in Stellenbosch, South Africa. Numerous high-profile health and science communication experts will gather at the International Summit on Quackery and Pseudoscience to explore how science communication efforts by the media, scientists, health regulators and governments can counter the impact of pseudoscience and advance the use of evidence-based healthcare practices.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2i3FFZQ

The role of the gut microbiome in posttraumatic stress disorder: More than a gut feeling

(Stellenbosch University) The bacteria in your gut could hold clues to whether or not you will develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after experiencing a traumatic event.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zCp9ab

Now we know why babies shouldn't sleep face down

(University of Adelaide) A developmental abnormality in babies -- especially in premature babies and in boys -- has for the first time been directly linked to cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zP5eph

Could Squirrel trade have contributed to England's medieval leprosy outbreak?

(St John's College, University of Cambridge) Genetic analysis of a pre-Norman skull unearthed in a garden in Suffolk has added to a growing body of evidence that East Anglia may have been the epicentre of an epidemic of leprosy that spread through medieval England. The authors of the new study suggest that an explanation for the prevalence of leprosy in medieval East Anglia may possibly be found in the sustained Scandinavian trade in squirrel fur -- an animal known to carry the disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zPgiD8

Could Squirrel trade have contributed to England's medieval leprosy outbreak?

(St John's College, University of Cambridge) Genetic analysis of a pre-Norman skull unearthed in a garden in Suffolk has added to a growing body of evidence that East Anglia may have been the epicentre of an epidemic of leprosy that spread through medieval England. The authors of the new study suggest that an explanation for the prevalence of leprosy in medieval East Anglia may possibly be found in the sustained Scandinavian trade in squirrel fur -- an animal known to carry the disease.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2zPgiD8

Household with mother (-in-law) means fewer kids

(University of Vienna) Women who live with their own mother or their mother in law in the same household have, on average, fewer children than women who only live with their spouse. Martin Fieder and colleagues, evolutionary anthropologists from the University of Vienna, report this on the basis of intercultural data of 2.5 million women worldwide. Until now, evolutionary biologists have assumed the opposite. The study appears in the renowned scientific journal 'Royal Society Open Science'.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zBVz4K

UNIST professors, selected to Samsung's future tech fostering projects

(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)) Professors, affiliated with South Korea's Ulsan Nationl Institute of Science and Technology have been included in the list of Samsung's 2017 first half future technology fostering projects.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2h8SS3Z

Stirling leads £1.1m trial into pelvic organ prolapse

(University of Stirling) A new £1.1million trial led by the University of Stirling will assess whether a self-management programme could help to improve the lives of women who suffer pelvic organ prolapse.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zCreDc

Computer science educators to decode field's future at event

(University of Massachusetts Lowell) Educators looking to gain the inspiration and tools they need to teach all students to become literate in computer science and to ready the next generation of engineers, coders and industry visionaries will gather at UMass Lowell on Saturday, Oct. 28 for a first-of-its-kind conference.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yNbXl7

UNIST receives minister of land, infrastructure and transport commendation

(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)) A professor, affiliated with South Korea's Ulsan Nationl Institute of Science and Technology has recently been recognized by the Korean Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2h7ig9U

New genes on 'deteriorating' Y chromosome

(University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna) Decoding Y chromosomes is difficult even with latest sequencing technologies. The question which genes lie on the chromosome and where they came from is hotly debated. Using a new analysis method, scientists from Vetmeduni Vienna made a crucial breakthrough. They showed that genetic material in fruit flies is often transferred to the Y chromosome from other chromosomes. Although largely a result of 'accidents', some of these transfers create functional genes. Published in PNAS.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zD1aHS

UNIST Professor honorably selected as 2017 SUHF Young Investigator

(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)) A professor, affiliated with South Korea's Ulsan Nationl Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) has been recognized by Suh Kyungbae Foundation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2h7TLtk

Science walden 'waterless toilet' displayed at DDP

(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)) South Korea's Ulsan Nationl Institute of Science and Technology has introduced a new, advanced waterless energy-producing toilet system 'BeeVi Toilet.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zDd9FB

UNIST student receives AMOREPACIFIC Great Global Next Generation Research Award

(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)) A student from South Korea's Ulsan Nationl Institute of Science and Technology was given the 2017 AMOREPACIFIC Great Global Next Generation Research Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2h7i7Do

UNIST researchers develop highly stable perovskite solar cells

(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)) South Korea's Ulsan Nationl Institute of Science and Technology has recently introduced a highly stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zDv8LR

Hepatitis C care falling short for young opioid users in R.I.

(Brown University) New research finds that while many Rhode Island young adults who use opioids get screened for hepatitis C, they aren't always connected to care for an infection if one is detected.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2h8Z4sq

Determining when humans started impacting the planet on a large scale

(American Chemical Society) Humans have so profoundly altered the Earth that, some scientists argue, our current geologic epoch requires a new name: the Anthropocene. But defining the precise start of the era is tricky. Would it begin with the spread of domesticated farm animals or the appearance of radioactive elements from nuclear bomb tests? Scientists report in ACS' Environmental Science & Technology a method to measure levels of human-made contaminants in sediments that could help pinpoint the Anthropocene's onset.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2lcDTu9

Poll: Stress, reward & surprises among those who take care of loved ones with dementia

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) They don't get pay, recognition, or much of a break. They spend hours a day helping someone who may not even recognize them anymore. Now, a new poll gives a glimpse into the lives of the spouses, grown children and other family members and friends who act as caregivers for up to five million Americans with dementia. Seventy-eight percent said it was stressful. But there were surprises, too.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yKBNVx

EMBO welcomes 28 new young investigators

(EMBO) =EMBO announces today the selection of 28 young researchers as EMBO Young Investigators. They join a network of 47 current and 417 past Young Investigators who represent some of the best up-and-coming group leaders in the life sciences in Europe and beyond.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yL0jpt

Fireworks in space

(NASA/Johnson Space Center) Some of the most exciting things that we've seen from looking at gene expression in space is that we really see an explosion, like fireworks taking off, as soon as the human body gets into space.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y3Ryoz

Morgridge, UW scientists explore national security implications of gene editing

(Morgridge Institute for Research) A trio of scientists from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the Morgridge Institute for Research participated in an international think tank this month on the intersection of genome editing technology and national security.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zNL7bi

Managing risky behavior reduces future incarceration among aggressive juvenile offenders

(University of Illinois at Chicago) Clinically aggressive juvenile offenders on probation in Cook County, Illinois, who participated in a two-week intervention program focusing on reducing risky behavior were four times less likely to be incarcerated in the 12 months after the intervention than their peers who participated in an information-based health promotion program.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y1EdlA

Nurses' depression tied to increased likelihood of medical errors

(Ohio State University) Depression is common among nurses and is linked to a higher likelihood they'll make medical errors, new research suggests. The study found that more than half of nurses who took part in a national survey reported sub-optimal physical and mental health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y12xUt

NIH BRAIN Initiative launches cell census

(NIH/National Institute of Mental Health) A catalog of the brain's 'parts list,' the NIH BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN) will provide researchers with a comprehensive reference of the diverse cell types in human, monkey, and mouse brain. A network of integrated centers, collaborating laboratories, and data resources will be funded by 11 grants projected to total about $50 million annually over five years. All data will be shared with the research community.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lcBrUp

US Army Research Laboratory announces new partnership

(U.S. Army Research Laboratory) The US Army Research Laboratory announced new partnerships with the University of Chicago and other regional universities formally establishing ARL Central. ARL Central gives ARL a physical presence in Chicago and surrounding areas, enhancing ARL's growing global science and technology ecosystem.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yM9JkJ

A quarter of problematic pot users have anxiety disorders, many since childhood

(Duke University Medical Center) About a quarter of adults whose marijuana use is problematic in early adulthood have anxiety disorders in childhood and late adolescence, according to new data from Duke Health researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gzpMdf

Armenia's complicated relations with its neighbors

(Lehigh University) A new book called Armenia's Future, Relations with Turkey, and the Karabagh Conflict (Palgrave Macmillan; 1st ed. 2018 edition September 19, 2017) is a collection of articles, speeches and interviews by Levon Ter-Petrossian -- Armenia's first post-Soviet president -- from 1990 to 2016. The book provides a unique window into the political transformations of this period and the issues that have plagued Armenia's politics since its independence.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lcznf9

Study investigates effects of domestic violence on workplaces -- by asking perpetrators

(University of Toronto) Researchers at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE) at the University of Toronto and Western University released a new study today, taking an unconventional approach to understanding the significant effects of domestic violence in the workplace. By seeking the views of the perpetrators of violence, the study found that domestic violence perpetration, like victimization, has costs to the workplace in terms of worker safety and productivity and that most employers lack adequate resources to help perpetrators deal with the issue.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y45xuv

Separate but unequal: NYU Metro Center Report examines segregation in NYC schools

(New York University) A new report by the NYU Metro Center explores patterns of segregation in New York City public schools and finds a link between increased school diversity and modest academic benefits.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yLJmNg

Outsmarting human minds

(Harvard University) Mahzarin Banaji is launching a new project -- dubbed Outsmarting Human Minds -- aimed at using short videos and podcasts to educate the public about hidden biases so that they can combat them.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xkwzyh

There is no safe amount of alcohol during pregnancy, new study shows

(Binghamton University) Any amount of alcohol exposure during pregnancy can cause extreme lasting effects on a child, according to new research from Binghamton University, State University of New York.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zKiE6d

The problem with being pretty

(American Psychological Association) While good-looking people are generally believed to receive more favorable treatment in the hiring process, when it comes to applying for less desirable jobs, such as those with low pay or uninteresting work, attractiveness may be a liability, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zMXc0j

Pilot project provides findings and advice on data sharing in development research

(Pensoft Publishers) Having worked with seven volunteering IDRC-funded development research projects for sixteen months, a pilot data sharing project led by Prof. Cameron Neylon and also funded by IDRC, has published its final report in the dedicated collection in the innovative open science journal Research Ideas and Outcomes (RIO). From the grant proposal, through data management plans and the final research article, the collection describes how funder policies can help, and hinder, culture change towards data sharing.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yJod4z

Medicare graduate nurse education demonstration increases primary care workforce

(University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing) The Report to Congress on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Graduate Nurse Education Demonstration has just been released documenting health care workforce gains addressing the nation's shortage of primary care. The $200 million initiative is the first to test whether Medicare funding of graduate clinical education of Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) would help meet national health care workforce needs similar to residency training for physicians. The answer is yes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yOlGZa

Study indicates arsenic can cause cancer decades after exposure ends

(Oxford University Press USA) A new paper published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute shows that arsenic in drinking water may have one of the longest dormancy periods of any carcinogen. By tracking the mortality rates of people exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water in a region in Chile, the researchers provide evidence of increases in lung, bladder, and kidney cancer even 40 years after high arsenic exposures ended.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yN7YWp

Daydreaming is good. It means you're smart

(Georgia Institute of Technology) A new study from the Georgia Institute of Technology suggests that daydreaming during meetings isn't necessarily a bad thing. It might be a sign that you're really smart and creative. People with efficient brains may have too much brain capacity to stop their minds from wandering.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yJgJ1p

Construction material-based methodology for contingency base selection

(Bentham Science Publishers) In an era of global responsiveness, there is a continuing need for agencies and organizations to set up temporary contingency bases (CB) of operations in foreign nations. Examples of such CBs include epidemic hospitals, refugee camps, natural disaster response headquarters, and temporary military installations.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xj7UKd

Researchers discover which brain region motivates behavior change

(University of Pennsylvania) Ever been stuck in a rut? University of Pennsylvania researcher Michael Platt and colleagues found that stimulating a region of the brain called the posterior cingulate cortex can lead to changes in routine behavior. Neurons there ramp up their firing rates, then peak just before a pattern shifts. Knowing this could help businesses better understand how to spur employee innovation, exploration and creativity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zMelak

How to predict high school dropouts

(Lancaster University) Teenagers who do not access healthcare when needed are at greater risk of dropping out of high school. Dropouts are more likely to have combinations of the following traits:low conscientiousness neuroticism introversion.The study in the Journal of Economic Psychology examined data from the US National Longitudinal Study of Adolescents to Adult Health, a nationally representative sample of 90,000 students in grades 7 to 12 at 132 schools.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xj7PWV

Does stem cell therapy offer the best hope for neurodegenerative diseases?

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) As the brain has limited capability for self-repair or regeneration, stem cells may represent the best therapeutic approach for counteracting damage to or degeneration of brain tissue caused by injury, aging, or disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yKWIJv

Dr. Peter J. Winzer of Nokia Bell Labs USA, awarded 2018 John Tyndall Award

(The Optical Society) The Optical Society (OSA) and the IEEE Photonics Society announced that Peter Winzer of Nokia Bell Labs, USA, is the recipient of the 2018 John Tyndall Award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yKbHC1

Study finds smokers wrongly believe Natural American Spirit cigarettes are healthier

(University of Pennsylvania) Smokers wrongly believe Natural American Spirit cigarettes to be healthier than other brands due to NAS's advertising claims, according to new research from the Penn Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science (TCORS) at the Annenberg School for Communication. This belief was found among both former and current smokers and was not linked to brand preference.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y3Ajng

NJIT kicks off IBM-Martin Tuchman School of Management Flagship alliance

(New Jersey Institute of Technology) This partnership between NJIT and IBM is the first of its kind in North America.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yNlN73

Australian research highlights worldwide risk of HIV and Hepatitis C epidemics

(University of New South Wales) Two reviews of the global prevalence of injecting drug use and of interventions to prevent the spread of blood borne viruses among people who inject drugs are published today in leading international journal The Lancet Global Health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ldKLav

The New York Stem Cell Foundation announces 2017 class of NYSCF - Robertson investigators

(New York Stem Cell Foundation) The New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) announced the 2017 class of NYSCF - Robertson Investigators, welcoming six of the most talented stem cell researchers and neuroscientists from around the world into the NYSCF Investigator Program. The NYSCF Investigator Program fosters and encourages promising early career scientists whose cutting-edge research holds the potential to accelerate treatments and cures, and provides support for the NYSCF - Robertson Stem Cell Investigator Awards and the NYSCF - Robertson Neuroscience Investigator Awards.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lcQPQx

Swortwood to investigate prevalence of synthetic opioids in saliva

(Sam Houston State University) A research team at Sam Houston State University received a $311,000 National Institute of Justice grant to develop a new laboratory test for synthetic opioids and heroin using saliva and to investigate the prevalence of these drugs among prisoners and arrestees.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ldKGnd

A major study finds many planned roads in the tropics shouldn't be built

(James Cook University) We are living in the most dramatic era of road expansion in human history, but many planned roads should not be built, concludes a major study by researchers at James Cook University in Australia.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ldlwoU

Innovative Alzheimer's combination therapy trial supported by new joint funding initiative

(Alzheimer's Association) The Alzheimer's Association and Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF) are collaborating to jointly fund a new combination therapy clinical trial for Alzheimer's disease to be conducted by Amylyx Pharmaceuticals. The $1.85 million grant is the first award under an initiative created by the Alzheimer's Association and the ADDF to fund combination therapies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zL3gX8

Sacrificing one life to save others -- research shows psychopaths' force for 'greater good'

(University of Plymouth) New research shows that people would sacrifice one person to save a larger group of people -- and in addition, the force with which they carry out these actions could be predicted by psychopathic traits.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xjpIoK

Self-esteem mapped in the human brain

(University College London) A team of UCL researchers has devised a mathematical equation that can explain how our self-esteem is shaped by what other people think of us, in a new study published in the scientific journal eLife.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2zLCGNB

University of Miami launches Cuba and the Caribbean special report

(University of Miami) In its newly published Cuba and the Caribbean Special Report, the University of Miami (UM) brings front-and-center it's long history with Cuba, Haiti and other nations and communities in the Caribbean.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2laAjAQ

UTA study points to inefficiencies in Dallas mass transit

(University of Texas at Arlington) Lack of access to good-paying jobs is one of the primary products of a largely inefficient Dallas transit system, according to a city of Dallas-commissioned study conducted by Shima Hamidi, director of The University of Texas at Arlington's Institute of Urban Studies, and her research team.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y1jc5j

FSU study finds Florida needs more pet-friendly shelters

(Florida State University) Florida needs more pet-friendly shelters, especially for older adults who represent 50 to 75 percent of deaths following disasters like hurricanes, according to a recent study from Florida State University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2lb4DuU

Older Neandertal survived with a little help from his friends

(Washington University in St. Louis) An older Neandertal from about 50,000 years ago, who had suffered multiple injuries and other degenerations, became deaf and must have relied on the help of others to avoid prey and survive well into his 40s, indicates a new analysis published Oct. 20 in the online journal PLoS ONE.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2h28GFo

Older Neandertal survived with a little help from his friends

(Washington University in St. Louis) An older Neandertal from about 50,000 years ago, who had suffered multiple injuries and other degenerations, became deaf and must have relied on the help of others to avoid prey and survive well into his 40s, indicates a new analysis published Oct. 20 in the online journal PLoS ONE.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2h28GFo

MIT neuroscientists build case for new theory of memory formation

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) MIT neuroscientists propose that the existence of 'silent engrams'suggests current theories of memory formation need to revised.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2h28DJI

Research posits earliest tree growth method

(Chinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters) Researchers report exceptionally well-preserved fossil tree trunks approximately 374 million years old from Xinjiang, Northwest China. These fossils suggest that earth's earliest forest trees were able to achieve great size by a unique method that involved building a hollow cylindrical skeleton of interconnected, growing, woody strands that both tore itself apart and collapsed under its own weight in a controlled manner as the tree's diameter expanded.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2hZbfYq

Fossils from the world's oldest trees reveal complex anatomy never seen before

(Cardiff University) The first trees to have ever grown on Earth were also the most complex, new research has revealed.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2gzfdXn

NIH BRAIN Initiative builds on early advances

(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) The National Institutes of Health has announced funding for 110 new awards totaling $169 million for the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative, bringing the total 2017 funding investment for the program to $260 million.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yJrAtY

Are clinicians prepared to give bad news?

(American College of Chest Physicians) Delivering news about end-of-life issues is one of the most difficult tasks clinicians encounter in medical practice. Researchers from the Texas Medical Center on behalf of the ETHICS study investigators, in Houston, Texas, aimed to assess how prepared health-care providers feel in communicating end-of-life issues and determining if proper training had been given to health-care providers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2z2eJED

The opioid crisis: 'What have we learned and where do we go from here'?

(Wolters Kluwer Health) Anesthesiology and pain medicine should play a leading role in developing effective alternatives and solutions to the US opioid crisis, according to the November issue of Anesthesia & Analgesia -- a special thematic issue presenting information on the "background, problems, and possible solutions to the opioid epidemic."

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2z1yIU6

Transformative donation of $16 million establishes new autism research centre at the Montreal Neurol

(McGill University) A new research center in Montreal will help lift the shroud of mystery surrounding autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and lead to the development of better diagnostic tools and more effective therapies for people with autism.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y0sBtX

Canada geese give hunters the slip by hiding out in Chicago

(University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences) It's open season for Canada geese in Illinois from mid-October to mid-January. Unfortunately for hunters, Canada geese are finding a new way to stay out of the line of fire. Rather than being 'sitting ducks' in a rural pond, they're setting up residence in the city.University of Illinois ornithologist Mike Ward says he and a team of researchers conducted a recent study to try to find out why there were so many Canada geese in Chicago in the winter.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gEgvEx

Support for populist ideologies linked to feelings of disadvantage and national narcissism

(University of Kent) New research shows that people who perceive they are part of a disadvantaged group are more likely to have an unrealistic belief in the greatness of their nation and support populist ideologies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gDxve7

Legibility emerges spontaneously, rather than evolving over time

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) Olivier Morin from the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Jena analyzed and compared the letters of more than 100 scripts from all over the globe. He found no evidence for a long-term evolution of legibility, but found that the orientation of lines in the letters of most scripts presented surprising and widespread patterns, favoring certain kinds of orientation, symmetries, and angles over others.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gxGSs4

Rethinking well-being and sustainability measurements from local to global scales

(American Museum of Natural History) A new study suggests that standard ways of measuring well-being and sustainability in communities used by global organizations may be missing critical information and could lead to missteps in management actions. The paper, published today in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution by a team of 40 scientists, policy-makers and on-the-ground practitioners, suggests alternative and complementary approaches that use indicators grounded in the values of a particular community.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y0ufMl

Trial shows drug can dramatically reduce weight of people with obesity

(University of Leeds) A drug that targets the appetite control system in the brain could bring about significant weight loss in people with clinical obesity, according to new research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y0qbeS

Enough vitamin D when young associated with lower risk of diabetes-related autoimmunity

(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) Getting enough vitamin D during infancy and childhood is associated with a reduced risk of islet autoimmunity among children at increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes, according to a study published this week in the journal Diabetes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y0woHG

Malaysia embraces Melanie's work on the illegal wildlife trade

(University of Huddersfield) RESEARCH into how the law can be used to protect endangered species has led to a University of Huddersfield lecturer's expertise being harnessed by an overseas nation that has some of the world's most diverse and fascinating wildlife.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y0pSRn

Rhythm of memory

(University of Freiburg) Inhibited neurons set the tempo for memory processes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y05xeR

How hospitals respond when it's uncertain if the newborn is a boy or a girl

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) When babies are born with atypical sex anatomy, the hospital's response has a major impact on a family's experience and decisions about sometimes irreversible procedures.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y0HDQy

UCI neurobiologists aim to identify biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease

(University of California - Irvine) With $3.8 million in support from the National Institute on Aging, University of California, Irvine, neurobiologists are working to identify the early indicators of dementia in older adults as disease-related brain plaques accumulate but before symptoms can be observed.

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Researchers at VA'S PTSD Brain Bank seek answers to complicated mental health condition

(Veterans Affairs Research Communications) VA's National PTSD Brain Bank, the only one of its kind in the world, is currently storing tissue from 168 brains. The bank aims to help with one of VA's most pressing challenges: understanding the complex nature of PTSD, and pointing the way toward new and better treatments.

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College labor market remains strong

(Michigan State University) Employers will face tough competition for talent in the 2017-18 job market, thanks to a seven-year growth streak in the college labor market, according to Michigan State University's Recruiting Trends, the largest annual survey of employers in the nation.

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