A small electrical zap to the brain could help you retrieve a forgotten memory

(University of California - Los Angeles) A study by UCLA psychologists provides strong evidence that a certain region of the brain plays a critical role in memory recall. The research, published in the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, also shows for the first time that using an electrical current to stimulate that region, the left rostrolateral prefrontal cortex, improves people's ability to retrieve memories.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2ELwSYt

Thousands of birds perished in the Bering Sea. Arctic warming may be to blame

A mass die-off of puffins and other seabirds in the Bering Sea is probably linked to climate change, scientists say.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/30XkI8p

Occupational hazards account for more than one in ten people with range of lung diseases

(American Thoracic Society) More than 1 in 10 people with a range of non-cancerous lung diseases may be sick as a result of inhaling vapors, gas, dust or fumes at work, according to a joint American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society statement published in the ATS's American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HN533Q

Community impacts from extreme weather shape climate beliefs

(Duke University) Recent studies suggest that people who experience severe weather are more likely to believe in and be concerned about climate change. But a new study from Duke University and the University of Colorado Denver shows not all storm impacts have equal effect. Broad-scale damage -- how your neighborhood or community fared -- may have a stronger impact on our beliefs and perception of future risks than individual losses do.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2MgLLIn

Children who nap are happier, excel academically, and have fewer behavioral problems

(University of Pennsylvania) Children who nap 30 to 60 minutes midday at least three times a week are happier, have more self-control and grit, and showcase fewer behavioral problems, according to new research from the University of Pennsylvania and the University of California, Irvine. These children also have higher IQs and excel academically.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JPO4QF

Certain antidepressants could provide treatment for multiple infectious diseases

(Virginia Commonwealth University) Some antidepressants could potentially be used to treat a wide range of diseases caused by bacteria living within cells, according to work by researchers in the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine and collaborators at other institutions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2IaKNbC

Chiaravalloti receives grant to study cognition and hemodynamics after spinal cord injury

(Kessler Foundation) This grant will enable Dr. Chiaravalloti's group to extend their research into the relationship between cardiovascular and cerebrovascular dysfunction and poorer cognitive performance in persons with spinal cord injury. 'Our research shows that deficits in learning and memory are prevalent in this population,' noted Dr. Chiaravalloti. 'Understanding how cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and cognitive function change over time in this population will help us develop ways to prevent or minimize the impact of these functional deficits.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2MlaTxJ

Seven key health measures help predict future risk of heart disease

(Penn State) Seven key measures of heart health may help predict future risk of cardiovascular disease, according to researchers. They added that improving these measures may also help decrease the risk of CVD in the future.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YXmd4H

Do violent video games affect kids' behavior with real guns?

(JAMA Network) This randomized clinical trial in a university laboratory examined the effects of video games with weapons on children's behavior when they found a real gun.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wuNQWL

Politicians walk the walk, when it comes to financial investments

(North Carolina State University) For the most part, politicians do put their money where their mouths are. A recent study of US senators and representatives finds that the more liberal a politician's voting record is, the more likely the politician is to invest in socially responsible stocks.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QJW72p

Searching for the origins of the depressive symptoms in Huntington's disease

(University of Barcelona) About 40% of the affected patients with Huntington's disease -- a neurodegenerative pathology -- show depression symptoms, even in early stages before the apparition of the typical motor symptoms of the disease. An altered function of Cdk5 kinase -- an essential enzyme in several cell signalling pathways -- could explain the physiopathology of the depressive-like behaviour in Huntington's disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WghpdD

Stand up to cancer-funded research to be presented at ASCO May 31-June 4 in Chicago

(Stand Up To Cancer) SU2C supported researchers will present work on pediatric brain tumors, cfDNA for early cancer detection, dual blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1 in mCRC, cancer interception of pancreatic and lung cancers, machine learning RECIST in RWE study of lung cancer, and molecular markers of response to neoadjuvant nivolumab in resectable NSCLC.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QAHrT3

14 new Collaborative Research Centres

(Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) The DFG is establishing 14 new Collaborative Research Centres (CRCs). This was decided by the responsible Grants Committee in Bonn. In the initial funding period, the new groups will receive a total of approximately €164 million, including a 22% programme allowance for indirect project costs. In addition, 27 CRCs were extended for an additional funding period.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JQERrk

Expert in dynamical systems elected a fellow of American Society of Mechanical Engineers

(NYU Tandon School of Engineering) Maurizio Porfiri, a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering and biomedical engineering known for his research in dynamical systems, has been selected as a fellow by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). Porfiri, who directs the Dynamical Systems Laboratory at NYU Tandon, is recognized for a decade of research contributions spanning several areas, including biomimetic robotics, collective behavior, multiphysics modeling, and complex systems.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QEdBwT

Racism has a toxic effect

(University of Southern California) Researchers have long known that racism is linked to health problems, but now results from a small study using RNA tests show that racism appears to increase chronic inflammation among African Americans.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YX5zCb

Pre-surgical immunotherapy shows promise in trial for patients with early stage lung cancer

(Dana-Farber Cancer Institute) Pre-surgical immunotherapy shows promise in trial for patients with early stage lung cancer according to interim results of a large, multicenter trial.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Qz1GAy

Stanford engineers develop a more stable, efficient prosthetic foot

(Stanford University) Hiking trails and other rough terrain are especially difficult for people with prosthetic legs. Now, Stanford engineers have come up with more stable prostheses -- and a better way to design them.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Qz1IbE

Childhood adversity linked to early puberty, premature brain development, & mental illness

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) Growing up in poverty and experiencing traumatic events like a bad accident or sexual assault were linked to accelerated puberty and brain maturation, abnormal brain development, and greater mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and psychosis, according to a new Penn Medicine study published this week in JAMA Psychiatry.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wuhRpt

Cave debris may be the oldest known example of people eating starch

Charred material found in South Africa puts energy-rich roots and tubers on Stone Age menus, long before farming began.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2W5tygP

Ancient feces reveal parasites in 8,000-year-old village of Çatalhöyük

(University of Cambridge) Earliest archaeological evidence of intestinal parasitic worms in the ancient inhabitants of Turkey shows whipworm infected this population of prehistoric farmers.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2WeluPR

Fossils reveal saber-toothed cats may have pierced rivals’ skulls

Two Smilodon fossils skulls from Argentina have puncture holes likely left by the teeth of rival cats.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2I7GyNS

Child deaths in Brazil fall following comprehensive smoking ban

(Imperial College London) Child deaths have fallen in Brazil following complete smoking bans in public places, according to a new study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Wri63p

Changes to immune genes link paternal smoking with childhood asthma

(Frontiers) New research shows that children exposed to paternal tobacco smoking before birth are more likely to develop asthma - and that associated changes to immune genes predict the level of risk.Published in Frontiers in Genetics to coincide with the WHO's World No Tobacco Day, the study reinforces the risks of either parent smoking -- and according to the authors, could provide DNA targets for the early prediction and reversal of tobacco smoking-associated childhood asthma.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2I9YEie

How can organizations promote and benefit from socioeconomic diversity?

(Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology) A new white paper has been published by the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Written by SIOP members McKenzie Preston and Sumona De Graf, this research evidence explains how individuals from lower social class backgrounds tend to engage highly in prosocial behaviors, which have shown to be related to improvements in team cooperation and performance. Socioeconomic diversity also increases the diversity of perspectives on teams, which has been related to improvements in team preparation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WfnUgO

Ancient DNA illuminates first herders and farmers in east Africa

(Harvard Medical School) Genome-wide analyses of 41 ancient sub-Saharan Africans answer questions left murky by archaeological records about the origins of the people who introduced food production -- first herding and then farming -- into East Africa over the past 5,000 years.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WvMwBj

Ancient DNA tells the story of the first herders and farmers in east Africa

(Saint Louis University) A collaborative study led by archaeologists, geneticists and museum curators is providing answers to previously unsolved questions about life in sub-Saharan Africa thousands of years ago.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KgHT7J

Multi-step spread of first herders into sub-Saharan Africa

(American Association for the Advancement of Science) An analysis of 41 ancient African genomes led by Mary Prendergast and David Reich suggests that the spread of herding and farming into eastern Africa affected human populations in phases, involving multiple movements of -- and gene flow among -- ancestrally distinct groups.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HLH2KF

Africa’s first herders spread pastoralism by mating with foragers

DNA unveils long-ago hookups between early pastoralists and native hunter-gatherers in Africa.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2HKVVgj

A fungus weaponized with a spider toxin can kill malaria mosquitoes

In controlled field experiments in Burkina Faso, a genetically engineered fungus reduced numbers of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes that can carry malaria.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2KaKAaU

Ancient DNA illuminates first herders and farmers in east Africa

(Harvard Medical School) Genome-wide analyses of 41 ancient sub-Saharan Africans answer questions left murky by archaeological records about the origins of the people who introduced food production -- first herding and then farming -- into East Africa over the past 5,000 years.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2WvMwBj

Ancient DNA tells the story of the first herders and farmers in east Africa

(Saint Louis University) A collaborative study led by archaeologists, geneticists and museum curators is providing answers to previously unsolved questions about life in sub-Saharan Africa thousands of years ago.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2KgHT7J

Teens at greater risk of violence, injury during sexual assaults than previously thought

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, News Bureau) A recent study of the forensic evidence in 563 sexual assault cases in Massachusetts found 'striking similarities' in the types of injuries and violence experienced by adult and adolescent victims. The similarities suggest that teens are at greater risk of violence and injury during sexual assaults than previously thought, according to the study's authors, University of Illinois senior research specialist in social work Theodore P. Cross and University of Illinois College of Medicine at Urbana-Champaign alumnus Dr. Thaddeus Schmitt.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2XeZJvJ

ASCO: Oncologists see benefit of medical marijuana, but not comfortable prescribing

(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) 73 percent of oncology providers believe that medical marijuana provides benefits for cancer patients, but only 46 percent are comfortable recommending it.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2I8yrkh

LSU health research finds new RX target for common STD

(Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center) Research led by Ashok Aiyar, PhD, Associate Professor of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology at LSU Health New Orleans School of Medicine, has identified a target that may lead to the development of new treatments for the most common sexually transmitted infection in the US.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2XeOhAf

Insilico Medicine to present at the CogX Festival of AI and Emerging Technology

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Alex Zhavoronkov, Ph.D., Founder and CEO, and Polina Mamoshina, Senior Scientist at Insilico Medicine, to present at the CogX Festival of AI and Emerging Technology

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2MhQI3V

Cannabis use among older adults rising rapidly

(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) Cannabis use among older adults is growing faster than any other age group but many report barriers to getting medical marijuana, a lack of communication with their doctors and a lingering stigma attached to the drug, according to researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Wh72X5

Media advisory: 'Opioids: Conflicts & Controversies'

(Georgetown University Medical Center) PharmedOut, a Georgetown University Medical Center project that advances evidence-based prescribing and educates health care professionals and students about pharmaceutical and medical device marketing practices, hosts 'Opioids: Conflicts & Controversies' June 13 - 14, 2019.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YQNLZw

Dyson-Hudson receives grant to study treatment for shoulder injuries in wheelchair users

(Kessler Foundation) The new study is based on positive findings from a Kessler pilot study funded by the Derfner Foundation, which was the first application of this minimally invasive intervention in individuals with spinal cord injury. 'The majority of the participants in our pilot study have reported significantly less shoulder pain and greater range of motion following a single injection,' Dr. Dyson-Hudson reported, 'and this relief from pain and improved function was maintained even at the one-year follow-up visit.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Qxbkna

Researchers restore beta-cell function by deleting old cells

(Joslin Diabetes Center) Joslin researchers confirmed similarly increased proportion of aged beta-cells in islets recovered from humans with type 2 diabetes. The study also showed that beta cell function can be recovered by removing these aged populations either via genetic modification or oral medication.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wvWcgx

Gut bacteria influence autism-like behaviors in mice

(California Institute of Technology) Caltech researchers have discovered that gut bacteria directly contribute to autism-like behaviors in mice.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YW95Ne

Emergency room or doctor's office?

(Elsevier) A new study in the journal Heliyon, published by Elsevier, examines the relationship between the way individuals perceive and respond to threats (threat sensitivity) and where they most frequently seek medical care. The study investigates the association between the healthcare utilization practices of African American men in a low-income urban neighborhood and their relative levels of threat sensitivity, insurance status, and ages.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KdkuE9

Public health leaders call for new efforts to promote vaccination acceptance

(CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy) On Thursday, an international coalition of public health leaders including CUNY SPH Dean Ayman El-Mohandes and Senior Scholar Scott Ratzan issued a statement asserting its commitment to vaccine acceptance around the world and to eliminating vaccine-preventable diseases, including childhood diseases such as measles, mumps, and rubella.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KcyMVH

Church, couch, couple: Social psychological connections between people and physical space

(Society for Personality and Social Psychology) From couples to communities, the built environment shapes us as much as we shape it. A newly published literature review in Personality and Social Psychology Review describes the importance of the person-environment connection.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Xn34ZL

Raw or cooked: this is how we recognise food

(Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati) Do we see an apple? The occipital cortex in our brain will activate itself to recognise it. A plate of pasta? Another region will come into play, called middle temporal gyrus. According to a new study, different regions are implicated in recognition of different foods, raw in one case and processed in the other, because two components of the 'semantic memory', the one that we always use to recognise the world around us, are involved.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30Tjf2X

Diagnostic will help propel development of improved malaria tests, support surveillance

(PATH) PATH and Quansys Biosciences, Inc. have announced the launch of a new diagnostic tool designed to help researchers develop more sensitive and reliable malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and to support public health surveillance. The Q-Plex (TM) Human Malaria Array (5-Plex) is a quantitative immunoassay that simultaneously measures multiple malaria antigens.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WElbgE

Annual Report to the Nation: Overall cancer mortality continues to decline

(NIH/National Cancer Institute) For all cancer sites combined, cancer death rates continued to decline in men, women, and children in the United States from 1999 to 2016. Overall cancer incidence rates, or rates of new cancers, decreased in men from 2008 to 2015, after increasing from 1999 to 2008, and were stable in women from 1999 to 2015. In a special section of the report, researchers looked at cancer rates and trends in adults ages 20 to 49.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Xn31Nz

'Ecstasy' shows promise for post-traumatic stress treatment

(University of British Columbia Okanagan campus) An international study involving researchers from UBC Okanagan has shown that MDMA, also known as ecstasy, may be a valuable tool for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Published recently in Psychopharmacology, the study demonstrated substantial improvements in individuals who had not responded to prior treatments, explains UBCO Associate Professor of psychology Zach Walsh. This is also, he adds, the most comprehensive evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for PTSD.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2W0OGoj

Depression sufferers at risk of multiple chronic diseases

(University of Queensland) Women who experience symptoms of depression are at risk of developing multiple chronic diseases, research led by The University of Queensland has found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YZyJR1

Brain activity in teens predicts future mood health

(Elsevier) An imbalance of functioning in attention-related brain systems may help forecast the course of teen depression, according to a study published in Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, published by Elsevier.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HKT3js

Cold-parenting linked to premature aging, increased disease risk in offspring

(Loma Linda University Adventist Health Sciences Center) New research out of Loma Linda University Health suggests that unsupportive parenting styles may have several negative health implications for children, even into their adult years. The study found that the telomeres -- protective caps on the ends of the strands of DNA -- of subjects who considered their mothers' parenting style as 'cold' were on average 25% smaller compared to those who reported having a mother whose parenting style they considered 'warm.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wD7bFj

Belief in learning styles myth may be detrimental

(American Psychological Association) Many people, including educators, believe learning styles are set at birth and predict both academic and career success even though there is no scientific evidence to support this common myth, according to new research published by the American Psychological Association.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YUWda3

Godzilla is back and he's bigger than ever: The evolutionary biology of the monster

(Dartmouth College) Godzilla first made his debut in 1954 as a 50-meter tall metaphor for indiscriminate destruction, particularly US hydrogen-bomb testing in the Marshall Islands, which, in the film, destroyed Godzilla's deep-sea ecosystem. Sixty-five years and 35 films later, Godzilla is back and bigger than ever in Godzilla: King of the Monsters. In fact, Godzilla has evolved 30 times faster than other organisms on Earth, according to a team of Dartmouth scientists whose findings are published in 'Science.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QxNxDD

Vaping the sweetener sucralose may produce toxic chemicals

Sucralose in e-liquids can break down, increasing toxic aldehydes in vapors and producing harmful organochlorines, including a potential carcinogen.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2IlepTR

Concussions in elite soccer not assessed according to expert recommendations: study

(St. Michael's Hospital) An average of at least one potential concussive event occurred per game during the 2016 UEFA European Championship and nearly three quarters of the head collision incidents did not result in a medical assessment by sideline health-care personnel, according to a review published today in the journal BMJ Open.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2MhR9Lm

Concussion symptoms reversed by magnetic therapy

(University of Saskatchewan) Concussion symptoms -- such as loss of balance and ability to walk straight -- can be reversed by a new type of magnetic stimulation

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Kbx0UJ

Contactless wireless health monitoring system shows potential for use in clinical trials

(Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research) Over the past year Novartis, in collaboration with the MIT Center for Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, has tested a novel technology for passive, contactless monitoring of physiological signals that may be used to monitor clinical trial patients in their homes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KcfAap

Structural sexism: FSU researcher offers new perspective on gender and health inequality

(Florida State University) In a new study published in the American Sociological Review, FSU Assistant Professor Patricia Homan developed a new structural sexism approach to the study of gender inequality and health. Her approach goes beyond sexist mistreatment by individuals to examine how the degree of systematic gender inequality in power and resources -- i.e. structural sexism -- in a society can impact people's health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KdlMPq

Study could lead to 'cognitive therapy in your pocket'

(McLean Hospital) People living with anxiety, depression, and other mental health conditions may soon be able to use a smartphone app to deliver on-demand cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I), a way to change mental habits without visiting a therapist.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JN1H32

NIH awards Cleveland Clinic $3 million grant to determine effects of exercise in Parkinson's

(Cleveland Clinic) The National Institutes of Health has awarded Cleveland Clinic researcher Jay Alberts, Ph.D, a 5-year, $3 million grant to conduct a multi-site clinical trial to study the long-term effects of aerobic exercise on slowing the progression of Parkinson's disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KilS8q

The 'projects' are nice now finds study on HUD Rental Assistance Demonstration Program

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) A study examined the U.S. Department of HUD Rental Assistance Demonstration (RAD) program to understand residents' experiences and their perspective on the program. The study is among the first to examine the impact of RAD which aims to improve and preserve affordable housing by converting traditional public housing to rental assistance. The results indicate notable, and mostly positive, results associated with conversions according to residents.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QA4e19

Birds perceive 'warm' colors differently from 'cool' ones

(Duke University) Birds may not have a word for maroon. Or burnt sienna. But show a zebra finch a sunset-colored object, and she'll quickly decide whether it looks more "red" or "orange." A new study shows that birds mentally sort the range of hues on the blue-green side of the spectrum into two categories too, but the line between them is fuzzier, perhaps because "either/or" thinking is less useful in this part of the spectrum, researchers say.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QwuV6P

Study finds link between ambient ozone exposure and progression of carotid wall thickness

(University at Buffalo) Study of nearly 7,000 adults aged 45 to 84 from six US regions is first epidemiological study to provide evidence that ozone may advance subclinical arterial disease, providing insight into the relationship between ozone exposure and cardiovascular disease risk.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30NT8KR

Polysubstance use, social factors associated with opioid overdose deaths

(Boston Medical Center) A new study led by Boston Medical Center's Grayken Center for Addiction shows that opioid-related overdose deaths involving another substance is now the norm, not the exception, in Massachusetts. The researchers analyzed opioid overdose death data from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, which showed that 82 percent of those deaths involved an opioid and another substance, including stimulants.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JI3Ltr

More than victims: Migration images provide a chance to tell a greater story

(University of Missouri-Columbia) Keith Greenwood, an associate professor in the Missouri School of Journalism, has found that a majority of photos depicting the 2015 Syrian refugee crisis portrayed the refugees as victims.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Kegvaj

Potential novel biomarker for alcohol dependence

(Boston University School of Medicine) Specific molecules (small noncoding microRNAs or miRNAs) found in saliva may be able to predict alcohol dependence as biomarkers. This is the first study to examine changes in the miRNA expression in the saliva of people with alcohol dependence. Currently, no genetic markers exist to test for this condition.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KbU9X3

Early statin treatment may help children with Fragile X

(University of Edinburgh) Children with an inherited form of intellectual disability and autism could be helped by a medicine commonly used to lower cholesterol, if used early in life, research from the University of Edinburgh suggests. The drug -- called lovastatin -- corrected learning and memory problems in rats with a form of Fragile X Syndrome, tests revealed.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wtvSE0

Icy volcanoes on Pluto may have spewed organic-rich water

Planetary scientists found ammonia-rich ice near cracks on Pluto, suggesting the dwarf planet had recent icy volcanoes.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2XeXOXJ

Humans used northern migration routes to reach eastern Asia

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) Northern and Central Asia have been neglected in studies of early human migration, with deserts and mountains being considered uncompromising barriers. However, a new study by an international team argues that humans may have moved through these extreme settings in the past under wetter conditions. By analyzing past climate, northern Asia emerges as a potential route of human dispersal, as well as a zone of potential interaction with other hominins such as Neanderthals and Denisovans.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2WaTyvW

Declining fertility rates may explain Neanderthal extinction, suggests new model

(PLOS) A new hypothesis for Neanderthal extinction supported by population modelling is put forward in a new study by Anna Degioanni from Aix Marseille Université, France and colleagues, published May 29, 2019 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2Ibdl4v

Homo sapiens may have had several routes of dispersal across Asia in the Late Pleistocene

(PLOS) Homo sapiens may have had a variety of routes to choose from while dispersing across Asia during the Late Pleistocene Epoch, according to a study released May 29, 2019 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Feng Li of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing and colleagues.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2WcQYFR

Low vitamin D in pregnancy linked to potentially harmful vaginal bacteria in black women

(Medical University of South Carolina) Race plays a role in how vitamin D affects the vaginal microbiome. In a trial of pregnant women of diverse ethnicity, black women lower in vitamin D had more bacteria linked to bacterial vaginosis and preterm delivery, while vitamin D-replete white women had more lactobacilli, which promote vaginal health. This study by Medical University of South Carolina and Virginia Commonwealth University researchers is part of a collection of manuscripts from the integrative Human Microbiome Project.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QtBuag

$9.5 million aimed at detecting autism earlier in childhood

(Washington University School of Medicine) Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis are leading a multicenter team conducting research to evaluate whether brain imaging might help reveal risk for autism spectrum disorder in early infancy. Previous research suggests such imaging in high-risk children can predict problems in kids as young as 6 months old.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2W96530

Schools that are socially connected have similar educational outcomes

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Ivan Smirnov, a researcher from the Higher School of Economics, analysed the data of 36,951 students from 590 schools of Saint Petersburg and found that there is a strong correlation between the educational outcomes of a school and its digital neighbours. Students are more likely to be connected if the educational outcomes of their schools are similar. The results were published in PLOS One.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Xg8rd4

Using nature to adapt to climate change

(American Institute of Biological Sciences) Climate change poses major threats to people around the world. One important method for adapting to these changes may lie in the deployment of nature-based solutions in urban areas.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EBmXor

Himalayan glacier melting threatens water security for millions of people

Asia’s glaciers are melting faster than they are accumulating new stores of snow and ice.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2Meile7

In a first, scientists took the temperature of a sonic black hole

A lab-made black hole that traps sound, not light, emits radiation at a certain temperature, as Stephen Hawking first predicted.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2EEZoes

New research suggests sugar taxes and labelling are effective

(University of Waterloo) Taxes on sugary products and labels on the front of packages can help reduce sugar consumption, according to a study from the University of Waterloo.The study, which included more than 3,500 people aged 13 and over on their purchasing behaviour last spring, also found that taxes could have the greatest impact if 100 per cent fruit juice was included in reduction efforts.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YVNOU0

Seeing disfigured faces prompts negative brain and behavior responses

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) A new study led by Penn Medicine researchers, which published today in Scientific Reports, found that people have implicit negative biases against people with disfigured faces, without knowingly harboring such biases.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KeyjSP

Hands that see, eyes that feel? Brain study reveals the mathematics of identifying objects

(The Zuckerman Institute at Columbia University) From a child snapping Legos together to a pickpocket nabbing your wallet, our brains have a remarkable ability to spot new objects and figure out how to manipulate them. A new study suggests that the human brain requires only a tiny bit of information, as well as its previous experience, to accomplish this. These results explain the mental mathematics that enable us to easily know what a novel object looks like simply by touching it, or the way an object feels from sight alone.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EGitwB

When drug treatment for social anxiety is insufficient

(University of Miyazaki) A Japanese study group clarified that cognitive therapy maintained its effects more than a year after the end of therapy for patients with a social anxiety disorder even for those who did not respond to antidepressant drugs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HIK16w

Research reveals the link between primate knuckles and hand use

(University of Kent) Research carried out by the University of Kent has found differences between the knuckle joints of primates that will enable a better understanding of ancient human hand use.Using samples from the Powell-Cotton Museum in Birchington-on-Sea (UK), as well as samples from Germany, Belgium and the USA, a team led by School of Anthropology and Conservation (SAC) PhD student Christopher Dunmore examined the internal bone structure, called trabeculae or cancellous bone, of great apes.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2EH9kEh

Early humans deliberately recycled flint to create tiny, sharp tools

(American Friends of Tel Aviv University) A new Tel Aviv University study finds that prehistoric humans 'recycled' discarded or broken flint tools 400,000 years ago to create small, sharp utensils with specific functions. The artifacts were discovered at the site of Qesem Cave, located just outside Tel Aviv.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2Wtx9cz

Dr. Genova of Kessler Foundation receives major grant for autism research

(Kessler Foundation) 'Adolescents with autism spectrum disorders need skills to transition to adulthood,' said Dr. Genova, 'and skills that aid transition to the workplace are especially important. If this intervention is effective, and well received by students and faculty,' she added, 'it has the potential to improve the outlook for these adolescents in terms of employment, as well as with social interactions at home and in the community.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KcBACa

Let's clear the air

(University of Pittsburgh) New research from the University of Pittsburgh's Swanson School of Engineering Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation, in partnership with the Kingsley Association and funded by the Heinz Endowments examined the impact that bottom-up, community-level initiatives have in addressing environmental justice issues. They found that the best way to address a community's environmental injustices is to meet them where they are, integrating into the community and building trust over a long-term partnership.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JNtu3l

Early humans deliberately recycled flint to create tiny, sharp tools

(American Friends of Tel Aviv University) A new Tel Aviv University study finds that prehistoric humans 'recycled' discarded or broken flint tools 400,000 years ago to create small, sharp utensils with specific functions. The artifacts were discovered at the site of Qesem Cave, located just outside Tel Aviv.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Wtx9cz

Extroverts enjoy four key advantages according to science; here they are

(University of Toronto) Researchers have determined that extroverts enjoy four key advantages over their more introverted peers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2XkWYsR

Chimpanzees catch and eat crabs

(University of Zurich) Chimpanzees have a mainly vegetarian diet, but do occasionally eat meat. Researchers at the University of Zurich have now shown for the first time that chimpanzees also eat crabs. In the rainforest of Guinea, the researchers observed how chimpanzees regularly fish for crabs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2XbSaG5

Cognitive behavior therapy shown to improve multiple menopause symptoms

(The North American Menopause Society (NAMS)) Although hormone therapy (HT) is the most commonly recommended treatment for menopause symptoms, research is ongoing for alternatives, especially nonpharmacologic options. Cognitive behavior therapy has previously been proposed as a low-risk treatment for hot flashes, but a new study suggests it may also effectively manage other menopause symptoms. Results are published online today in Menopause, the journal of The North American Menopause Society (NAMS).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EGhLQf

Study examines youth suicides after '13 Reasons Why'

(JAMA Network) The popular Netflix series '13 Reasons Why' was controversial for its portrayal of the suicide of a 17-year-old girl. This study, called a time series analysis, used suicide data before and after the show's release in 2017 to estimate suicides among different age groups (10 to 19, 20 to 29, and 30 or older for females and males in the US) and to identify changes in the specific methods of suicide used.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2MiaOuV

Collaborative Research Center dedicated to the study of control in addiction

(Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin) Approximately 10 million people in Germany are addicted to either alcohol, tobacco, prescription drugs or illegal drugs. A small percentage manage to overcome their addiction without any outside help. How they manage to do so is being explored by the new transregional Collaborative Research Center (SFB/TRR) 'Losing and Regaining Control in Addiction -- Development, Mechanisms and Interventions', which is being led by Charité -- Universitätsmedizin Berlin. This collaborative research project will receive a total of approximately €12 million over four years.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2X82Q8x

A research study analyzes employment hiring practices in Europe

(Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) The largest study on hiring practices in Europe reveals that children of immigrants experience discrimination when accessing the labor market. That is the main conclusion of the European GEMM Project, in which researchers from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid are participating.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EHpkpB

Cycling lanes, not cyclists, reduce fatalities for all road users

(University of Colorado Denver) The most comprehensive study of bicycle and road safety to date finds that building safe facilities for cyclists is one of the biggest factors in road safety for everyone. Bicycling infrastructure -- specifically, separated and protected bike lanes -- leads to fewer fatalities and better road-safety outcomes for all road users. New study published in Journal of Transport & Health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KcsyoK

Flow water research and education more towards developing world: UN University

(Terry Collins Assoc) Post-secondary education and research aimed at tackling the global water crisis is concentrated in wealthy countries rather than the poorer, developing places where it is most needed, the United Nations University says.Two new papers from the UNU's Canadian-based Institute for Water, Environment and Health call for reducing this 'alarming' imbalance between resources and need, which impedes the search for solutions to crucial water challenges.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HJP8n9

Healthy fat hidden in dirt may fend off anxiety disorders

(University of Colorado at Boulder) Thirty years after scientists first suggested that increased exposure to microorganisms could benefit health, CU Boulder researchers have identified an anti-inflammatory fat in a soil-dwelling bacterium that may be partly responsible. Someday, they hope to use it to develop an immunization against stress-related disorders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2X90mH6

Aubrey de Grey to present at the 6th Aging Research for Drug Discovery Forum in Basel

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Aubrey de Grey, Ph.D., CSO, SENS Research Foundation; VP of New Technology Discovery, AgeX Therapeutics, Inc., to present at the 6th Aging Research for Drug Discovery Forum in Basel, Switzerland

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EEwhIc

One night brand: Sexy snaps lead to clean buys

(Monash University) New research by Monash University in Australia shows that highly sexualised imagery in advertising causes some consumers to feel 'physically dirty' and motivates them to buy products such as toothpaste, soap and face wash.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2XdMGKS

Self-harm images on Instagram associated with subsequent self-harm in viewers

(Annenberg Public Policy Center of the University of Pennsylvania) Instagram and self-harm: An analysis of a two-wave survey of 729 young adults in the U.S. finds that those who reported seeing self-harm images on Instagram were much more likely than those who didn't to report their own self-harm at a second interview. Exposure to self-harm images also predicted higher levels of suicidal ideation and risk for suicide at the second interview.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2I4dk2z

100 years ago, an eclipse proved Einstein right. Today, black holes do too — for now

In 1919, an eclipse affirmed Einstein’s famous general theory of relativity. Now scientists hope to use black holes to poke holes in that idea.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2EGJsYX

A student's disability status depends on where they go to school, PSU study finds

(Portland State University) A new Portland State University study suggests that the likelihood of a child being classified with an educational disability depends on the characteristics of their school and how distinctive they are from their peers

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WbFDWJ

A 50-million-year-old fossil captures a swimming school of fish

Analysis of a fossilized fish shoal suggests that animals may have evolved coordinated group movement around 50 million year ago.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2MfgE04

Women in developing countries need radiotherapy and vaccines for cervical cancer

(University Health Network) Millions of women in low- and middle-income countries will need life-saving radiotherapy to treat their cervical cancer, despite the growth of essential human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination prevention programs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WgOgzn

Self-esteem may be key to success for Portland's homeless youth, PSU study finds

(Portland State University) Service providers for youth experiencing homelessness typically focus on the big three: food, shelter and health care. But a new study from Portland State University Community Psychology graduate student Katricia Stewart shows overall well-being is just as important.'In the end, they're still just kids and young adults who need to enjoy themselves and have creative outlets and make friends,' Stewart said.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EE5I5U

UTA researcher to study risks of Texas, Louisiana transportation projects

(University of Texas at Arlington) Sharareh "Sherri" Kermanshachi, assistant professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at The University of Texas at Arlington, has received grants from the Texas Department of Transportation and the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development aimed at identifying and formulating best practices for construction of transportation projects.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2I2aWcy

Why parents should teach their kids to give

(University of Arizona) Teaching children how to appropriately give money away can help them develop valuable financial skills such as budgeting, and it may also contribute to their well-being later in life, according to a study led by the University of Arizona.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Qx4dLj

Roger M. Samelson selected as Fellow of The Oceanography Society

(The Oceanography Society) The Oceanography Society (TOS) congratulates Dr. Roger M. Samelson for being selected as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society. This award recognizes Dr. Samelson's seminal, wide-ranging contributions on the theory of physical dynamics of the ocean. Dr. Samelson will be honored during a ceremony at the Ocean Sciences Meeting, February 16-20, 2020, in San Diego, California.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WdQJdN

Clare E. Reimers selected as Fellow of The Oceanography Society

(The Oceanography Society) The Oceanography Society (TOS) congratulates Dr. Clare E. Reimers for being selected as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society. This award recognizes Dr. Reimers for advancing sedimentary redox chemistry and microbiology using oxygen, pH and pCO2 microelectrodes and leading the development of the next generation of regional class research vessels. Dr. Reimers will be honored during a ceremony at the Ocean Sciences Meeting, February 16-20, 2020, in San Diego, California.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2I8CWuT

Eric J. Lindstrom selected as Fellow of The Oceanography Society

(The Oceanography Society) The Oceanography Society (TOS) congratulates Dr. Eric J. Lindstrom for being selected as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society. This award recognizes Dr. Lindstrom for his leadership of the global community to advance coordinated ocean observing combining space and in-situ systems and facilitating the execution of large ocean field campaigns. Dr. Lindstrom will be honored during a ceremony at the Ocean Sciences Meeting, February 16-20, 2020, in San Diego, California.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WdQI9J

Robert A. Holman selected as Fellow of The Oceanography Society

(The Oceanography Society) The Oceanography Society (TOS) congratulates Dr. Robert A. Holman for being selected as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society. This award recognizes Dr. Holman's pioneering work on the development of remote sensing tools and advancing the understanding of the world's evolving coastlines. Dr. Holman will be honored during a ceremony at the Ocean Sciences Meeting, February 16-20, 2020, in San Diego, California.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2IgUrcT

Amatzia Genin selected as Fellow of The Oceanography Society

(The Oceanography Society) The Oceanography Society (TOS) congratulates Dr. Amatzia Genin for being selected as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society. This award recognizes Dr. Genin for his original and sustained contributions to biological oceanography, through creative and comprehensive studies testing core hypotheses related to bio-physical interactions and the functioning of marine ecosystems. Dr. Genin will be honored during a ceremony at the Ocean Sciences Meeting, February 16-20, 2020, in San Diego, California.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EADCbt

Steven G. Ackleson selected as Fellow of The Oceanography Society

(The Oceanography Society) The Oceanography Society (TOS) congratulates Dr. Steven G. Ackleson on being selected as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society. This award recognizes Dr. Ackleson for fundamental contributions to the understanding of phytoplankton optical properties, radiative transfer models and the development and application of autonomous ocean observing systems. Dr. Ackleson will be honored during a ceremony at the Ocean Sciences Meeting, February 16-20, 2020, in San Diego, California.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WdQH5F

Paula S. Bontempi selected as Fellow of The Oceanography Society

(The Oceanography Society) The Oceanography Society (TOS) congratulates Dr. Paula S. Bontempi for being selected as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society. This award recognizes Dr. Bontempi for her vision of what satellite-based ocean ecology could be, and tireless efforts to bring that vision to fruition in partnership with the community and space agencies. Dr. Bontempi will be honored during a ceremony at the Ocean Sciences Meeting, February 16-20, 2020, in San Diego, California.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2I2aVW2

Medicare spending higher among older adults with disabilities who lack adequate support

(Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health) A new study from researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that more than one in five older adults who were aging in place with a mobility or self-care disability reported experiencing negative consequences such as having to stay in bed or going without eating due to no one being available to help or the activity being too difficult to perform alone.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2K8XtlW

Climate undermined by lobbying

(University of California - Santa Barbara) For all the evidence that the benefits of reducing greenhouse gases outweigh the costs of regulation, disturbingly few domestic climate change policies have been enacted around the world so far.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JIVuoR

Clinical trial assesses telephone-based care program for at-risk homebound elderly

(University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston) Something as simple as a phone call could be a way to alert health care providers and caregivers that an elderly person suffering from dementia may be spiraling down to dangerous self-neglect, according to researchers at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Xbbx1L

As plaque deposits increase in the aging brain, money management falters

(Duke University Medical Center) Aging adults often show signs of slowing when it comes to managing their finances, such as calculating their change when paying cash or balancing an account ledger. But trouble managing money can also be a harbinger of dementia and, according to new Duke research in The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease, could be correlated to the amount of protein deposits built up in the brain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JItt0T

Societal values and perceptions shape energy production and use as much as new technology

(Oregon State University) Societal values and perceptions have shaped the energy landscape as much as the technologies that drive its production and consumption, a new paper from an Oregon State University researcher suggests.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2K56f4m

UTSA study shows vaping is linked to adolescents' propensity for crime

(University of Texas at San Antonio) UTSA criminal justice professor Dylan Jackson recently published one of the first studies to explore emerging drug use in the form of adolescent vaping and its association with delinquency among 8th and 10th grade students.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WbR0xO

E-cigs and heated tobacco products are harmful and do not help smokers to quit

(European Lung Foundation) In a new statement published by the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Tobacco Control Committee, an international coalition of respiratory doctors and scientists have warned that tobacco harm reduction strategies which support the use of alternative nicotine delivery products for smoking cessation are not effective and are based upon incorrect assumptions and undocumented claims.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30NjSem

AccessLab: New workshops to broaden access to scientific research

(PLOS) A team from the transdisciplinary laboratory FoAM Kernow and the British Science Association detail how to run an innovative approach to understanding evidence called AccessLab in a paper published on May 28 in the open-access journal PLOS Biology. The AccessLab project enables a broader range of people to access and use scientific research in their work and everyday lives.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VZH59L

Inconsistent choice-making a normal part of how the brain evaluates options

(University of Toronto, Rotman School of Management) Sometimes consumers will switch their preferences, known in industry terms as 'customer churn.' While economists have previously called that an error in rationality, a new study says an important part of inconsistent choice-making is due to idiosyncratic activity in the brain areas that assess value.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YSJ2GA

One number can help explain why measles is so contagious

The basic reproduction number, or "R naught," of measles shows how contagious the disease is compared with other pathogens.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2wrfyDM

Fewer than 60% of young women diagnosed with STIs in emergency departments fill scripts

(Children's National Health System) Fewer than 60% of young women diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections in the emergency department fill prescriptions for antimicrobial therapy to treat these conditions, according to a research letter published online May 28, 2019, by JAMA Pediatrics.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2MeLN3M

The message that addiction is a disease makes substance users less likely to seek help

(North Carolina State University) Research finds that people with substance-use problems who read a message describing addiction as a disease are less likely to report wanting to engage in effective therapies, compared to those who read a message that addiction behaviors are subject to change. The finding could inform future public and interpersonal communication efforts regarding addiction.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JI2Vgf

Researchers identified novel oncogenic function for receptor linked to Alzheimer's disease

(University of Turku) Common and rare SORLA single nucleotide polymorphisms have been associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease. So far, SORLA has been mainly studied in neurons, but the new study focused on SORLA's role in cancer cells. Led by Academy Professor Johanna Ivaska, researchers from the University of Turku in Finland observed that SORLA was highly expressed in HER2 positive cancers. Removing SORLA from cancer cells severely impaired the oncogenic fitness of HER2 positive cancers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Kaozc8

The power of empathy in product development

(University of Connecticut) 'Subtle things, such as imagining how someone else would feel, can have a huge impact on creativity in general,' says UConn's Kelly Herd.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JJr3yN

Put more father friendly cues in OB/GYN offices, Rutgers-led study suggests

(Rutgers University) A new Rutgers-led study finds that by adding a few subtle cues to prenatal care waiting rooms, such as photos of men and babies, and pamphlets and magazines aimed toward men, OBGYNS can get fathers more involved in prenatal care and increase healthier outcomes for women and infants.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2KbEzuK

Why sports fans find this brand violation a game winner

(American Marketing Association) A new study finds that sports fans are more likely to buy and recommend sponsors who shed their brand colors to adopt their team's colors.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JJpPDX

How stress leads to Facebook addiction

(Ruhr-University Bochum) Friends on social media such as Facebook can be a great source of comfort during periods of stress. However, if they don't receive any support offline, stressed users are at risk of developing a pathological dependence on the social networking site -- the so-called Facebook addiction. This is the result of a study conducted by a team of the Mental Health Research and Treatment Center at Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB), headed by Dr. Julia Brailovskaia.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Kaojda

Texture-modified foods for people with dysphagia

(University of the Basque Country ) Eight percent of the population suffer dysphagia or difficulty in swallowing food and this could rise to 80% among the elderly or in cases of neurodegenerative diseases. The University of the Basque Country's Texture Analysis Laboratory (LaTEX) has published a paper in the Food Hydrocolloids journal pointing to the poor standardization of thickened foods.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2K96kUM

Young carers' futures look bleak without flexible school support

(Flinders University) Young Australians providing care for family members with mental illnesses, alcohol and drug addictions are struggling to keep up with their studies, according to new research.The study by Flinders University and UNSW found the problem will continue without improved flexibility in schools and personalised intervention programs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Kaan31

High LDL linked to early-onset Alzheimer's

(Veterans Affairs Research Communications) Researchers with the Atlanta VA and Emory University found a link between high LDL cholesterol and early-onset Alzheimer's disease. The results could help doctors understand how the disease develops and what the possible causes are, including genetic variation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2XaowRl

Sound waves bypass visual limitations to recognize human activity

(American Institute of Physics) Video cameras continue to gain widespread use, but there are privacy and environmental limitations in how well they work. Acoustical waves are an alternative medium that may bypass those limitations. Unlike electromagnetic waves, acoustical waves can be used to find objects and also identify them. As described in a new paper in Applied Physics Letters, the researchers used a 2D acoustic array and convolutional neural networks to detect and analyze the sounds of human activity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2ECcAk6

Karolinska Institutet, KTH, Stockholm University forms university alliance Stockholm trio

(Stockholm University) An international type model of a university alliance will be established between Karolinska Institutet, KTH and Stockholm University. The aim is to strengthen the development of the Stockholm region and to highlight the internationally distinguished research and education environment that the three universities constitute together. An agreement will be signed on May 27, 2019 that will make it easier for the three universities in the Swedish capital to enter into joint collaborations with universities around the world.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VUP7As

New cable-free brain imaging method may take social neuroscience to the next level

(Osaka University) Osaka University researchers developed a cable-free recording method that can measure brain activity associated with social behavior in mice. The method was based on a bioluminescent indicator of membrane voltage called 'LOTUS-V', which was delivered to cells via a gene expression system; it is therefore minimally invasive. LOTUS-V enabled cable-free detection of brain activity in freely moving mice. Activation in the primary visual cortex was found during social interaction.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EDhMUN

GWAS identifies new risk loci for harmful alcohol use

(Elsevier) A genome-wide association study has identified five new genetic risk loci that can pass on risk for harmful alcohol use from parents to children, and confirmed one previously identified risk locus. The findings were published in Biological Psychiatry, published by Elsevier.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2XaZQbz

Researchers find 28% of 35- to 50-year-old men studied are at-risk for osteoporosis

(American Osteopathic Association) The study analyzed the bone mineral density of 173 adults between 35 and 50 years old. Participants were scanned at the femoral hip and lumbar spine, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, which is proven to be precise, while exposing patients to a minimal dose of radiation. Findings indicate more middle-aged adults should be scanned to understand their risk and establish a baseline for monitoring.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Ey01GD

Fighting academic failures

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Children from undereducated, low-income families face a greater risk of poor academic performance. But schools are capable of decreasing these risks. Experts from the Higher School of Economics have studied international experience in addressing these challenges. The results have presented in Journal of Modern Foreign Psychology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2XioUO1

New study dismisses green growth policies as a route out of ecological emergency

(Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona) The new study examines green growth policies as articulated in major reports by the World Bank, the OECD and the UN Environment Programme, and tests the theory against extant empirical evidence and models of the relationship between GDP and both material footprint and CO2 emissions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EEa6Sg

The effects of the Internet on learning in higher education

(Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet Mainz) The Rhine-Main Universities (RMU) Initiative Funding for Research is currently supporting a collaborative project in the fields of economics education, computer science, linguistics, and neuroscience involving several partner universities. The researchers are investigating how learning at universities has changed in the Internet age and are exploring the potential and downsides of online learning.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30QYO6Q

Altered brain activity in antisocial teenagers

(University of Zurich) Teenage girls with problematic social behavior display reduced brain activity and weaker connectivity between the brain regions implicated in emotion regulation. The findings of an international study carried out by researchers from the University of Zurich and others now offer a neurobiological explanation for the difficulties some girls have in controlling their emotions, and provide indications for possible therapy approaches.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30NEx1V

Study: High rates of food insecurity found at Southern Appalachia Colleges

(University of Tennessee at Knoxville) College students in Southern Appalachia are affected by food insecurity at a higher rate than the national average, which can translate into poor academic performance and unhealthy spending habits and coping mechanisms, according to a new study coauthored by researchers at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and published in Current Developments in Nutrition.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VUP5bO

First study to see if de-prescribing commonly used drug class prevents or delays dementia

(Regenstrief Institute) Regenstrief Institute investigator Noll Campbell has received a five-year $3.3 million award from NIA to conduct first cause and effect trial to determine if stopping anticholinergics results in sustained improvements in cognition. If study finds that reducing or discontinuing use of these commonly prescribed drugs among current users improves brain health without adversely impacting other medical conditions, study will have identified a way to decrease an estimated 50,000 new cases of dementia annually in US.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EFi6Cu

Stem cell study determines most harmful vape liquids

(University of Arizona Health Sciences) Novel approach reveals vaping's effect on endothelial cells and the most harmful flavors.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Wgh3nG

Does being seen really make cyclists safer on the road?

(University of British Columbia Okanagan campus) Researchers from UBC Okanagan have determined motorists tended to give cyclists wearing high-visibility vests more room on the road, compared to cyclists without high-visibility clothing. The vests, with arrows directing traffic away from pedestrians and cyclists, have shown to reduce the number of traffic accidents involving these groups.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EORoYv

Increased segregation and inequality are results of marketized school system

(Linköping University) Greater differences in study results between schools, and increased segregation. These are examples of what the marketization of the education system in Sweden has led to. In a new book, researchers describe the development of the Swedish education system, and how it affects teachers, pupils and school leaders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2X6bpAG

Thirty years after anorexia onset, fewer ill than healthy

(University of Gothenburg) A study that started in 1985 followed some 50 people who had become anorexic in their teens. It shows that 30 years later, the majority were healthy but some had persistent eating disorders. The study, published in The British Journal of Psychiatry, was carried out at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EDAgER

Does your health in middle age predict how healthy you'll be later in life?

(American Geriatrics Society) Cognitive decline is the medical term for a decline in your abilities to think, remember, and make decisions. Researchers know now that cognitive decline may begin in midlife and can develop over a period of 20 years or so. In a new study, published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS), researchers identified factors associated with brain health in middle age in order to identify ways to preserve brain function when people are older.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2X6JUHm

How interval training affects 'belly fat' in obese 70-year-olds

(American Geriatrics Society) A team of researchers have designed a study to learn more about the effects of a 10-week, easy-to-perform, personalized, progressive vigorous-intensity interval training among 70-year-olds with 'belly fat.' Their study was published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EEDMib

A new optical atomic clock’s heart is as small as a coffee bean

Optical atomic clocks are extremely good at keeping time, and they’re on their way to becoming pocket watches.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2WrVyiF

How bacteria nearly killed by antibiotics can recover — and gain resistance

A pump protein can keep bacteria alive long enough for the microbes to develop antibiotic resistance.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2Mcdbzi

Children from disadvantaged backgrounds do less vigorous physical activity

(University of Cambridge) Children from disadvantaged backgrounds and certain ethnic minority backgrounds, including from Pakistani and Bangladeshi backgrounds, have lower levels of vigorous physical activity, according to researchers at the University of Cambridge.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2McpP1g

Vatican hosts major atheism conference with University of Kent

(University of Kent) The global Understanding Unbelief program to advance the scientific understanding of atheism and nonreligion will today present results from its research at the Vatican in Rome. The multidisciplinary research program led by the University of Kent maps the nature and diversity of 'unbelief' across six countries including Brazil, China, Denmark, Japan, UK and the USA.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Xh9XM9

This iconic Humboldt map may need crucial updates

A seminal, 212-year-old diagram of Andean plants by German explorer Alexander von Humboldt is still groundbreaking — but outdated, researchers say.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2QrU2rp

First-of-its-kind study in endothelial stem cells finds exposure to flavored e-cigarette liquids, e-cigarette use exacerbates cell dysfunction

(American College of Cardiology) There has been a rapid rise in e-cigarette use, but its health effects have not been well-studied and their effect on vascular health remains unknown. A first of its kind study in endothelial stem cells, published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, found acute exposure to flavored e-liquids or e-cigarette use exacerbates endothelial cell dysfunction, which often precedes heart disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30PNN5R

Brain stimulation enhances visual learning speed and efficiency

(University of Rochester) Brain stimulation, when coupled with visual training therapy, has dramatic effects on increasing learning speed and retention in both healthy adults and patients who have experienced vision loss due to stroke or other brain injury.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HZIyI4

Brain stimulation speeds up visual learning and recovery

(Society for Neuroscience) A combination of visual training and a recently developed brain stimulation technique boosts learning in healthy adults and cortically blind patients, according to research published in JNeurosci.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HYjX6h

How language developed: Comprehension learning precedes vocal production

(Deutsches Primatenzentrum (DPZ)/German Primate Center) Green monkeys' alarm calls allow conclusions about the evolution of language.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wxs8S1

Exploring the origins of the apple

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) Recent archaeological finds of ancient preserved apple seeds across Europe and West Asia combined with historical, paleontological, and recently published genetic data are presenting a fascinating new narrative for one of our most familiar fruits. The apple was originally spread by ancient megafauna and later as a process of trade along the Silk Road. When previously separated varieties came into contact, hybridization and grafting allowed for the development of the varieties that we know today.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2Qtsy4P

Reinvent Motherisk to protect mothers and babies

(Joule Inc.) Canada should reinvent the Motherisk program to support pregnant women to have healthy babies, argues an editorial in CMAJ.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JI3oie

Many patients with pancreatic cancer miss out on treatment that may extend survival

(Joule Inc.) Despite potential for prolonging survival with treatment, one-third of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer do not see a medical oncologist, and even more do not receive cancer-directed treatment, found new research published in CMAJ.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JGqLcg

Exploring the origins of the apple

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) Recent archaeological finds of ancient preserved apple seeds across Europe and West Asia combined with historical, paleontological, and recently published genetic data are presenting a fascinating new narrative for one of our most familiar fruits. The apple was originally spread by ancient megafauna and later as a process of trade along the Silk Road. When previously separated varieties came into contact, hybridization and grafting allowed for the development of the varieties that we know today.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Qtsy4P

Support needed for multiple-birth families to improve outcomes

(University of Melbourne) Having multiple-birth babies can be a time of wonder and excitement, however, according to the first-ever international collaborative report released today, these babies and their families can face serious disadvantages compared to parents of single-birth babies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2K7JfSb

Growing up high: Neurobiological consequences of adolescent cannabis use

(Canadian Association for Neuroscience) About one in five Canadian adolescents uses cannabis. Canadian neuroscientists Patricia Conrod, Steven Laviolette, Iris Balodis and Jibran Khokhar presented recent discoveries on the effects of cannabis on the adolescent brain at the 2019 Canadian Neuroscience Meeting in Toronto on May 25. Adolescence is associated with the maturation of cognitive functions, such as working memory, decision-making, impulsivity control and motivation, and the research presented suggests cannabis could have long-lasting, but possibly reversible effects on these.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2K0GTEy

Don't overdo omega-6 fat consumption during pregnancy

(The Physiological Society) New research in The Journal of Physiology showed that eating a diet with three times the recommended daily intake of linoleic acid might be harmful in pregnancy.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wsMUCh

Murray Gell-Mann gave structure to the subatomic world

Best known for his quarks, the preeminent theoretical physicist was also a complexity pioneer

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2HWuxLj

Shy fish no bigger than a pinkie provide much of the food in coral reefs

More than half of the fish flesh that predators in coral reefs eat comes from tiny, hard-to-spot species.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2YMKrhP

Researchers propose new federal rule of evidence for more accurate verdicts in court

(SAGE) While many juries use commonsense when determining an innocent or guilty verdict, research has shown that commonsense can be misleading and inaccurate. In a new study, researchers propose a new federal rule of evidence that ensures a jury is educated on theories of false memory in order to produce more just verdicts -- a rule that would especially be of aid in testimonies from children.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EvLtqW

Study analyzes mortality risks among pro athletes

(Harvard Medical School) A first-of-its-kind comparison between elite pro athletes suggests higher overall mortality among NFL players compared with MLB players. NFL players also appear to have higher risk of dying from cardiovascular and neurodegenerative causes compared with MLB peers.The differences warrant further study of sport-specific mechanisms of disease development. Clinicians treating current and former NFL players should be vigilant about the presence of cardiovascular and neurologic symptoms and promptly treat risk factors such as sleep apnea, obesity, hypertension.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2K0pBrm

Mobile phone app designed to boost physical activity in women shows promise in trial

(NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute) Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), part of the National Institutes of Health, the study is one of the first to examine how an app-based program can help increase and maintain objectively measured daily physical activity. It was published online on May 24 in JAMA Network Open, a peer-reviewed online-only journal.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wgQa3h

Mathematicians report possible progress on proving the Riemann hypothesis

A new study advances one strategy in the quest to solve the notoriously difficult problem, which is still stumping researchers after 160 years.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2HOM2No

Insilico to present at the 2019 Innovative China Conference

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Insilico to present its research at the Bank of America Merrill Lynch's 4th Innovative China Conference.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2K3YvQa

Do you hear what I hear?

(Columbia University Irving Medical Center) A new study by Columbia University researchers found that infants at high risk for autism were less attuned to differences in speech patterns than low-risk infants. The findings suggest that interventions to improve language skills should begin during infancy for those at high risk for autism.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JDiS77

If you could learn every disease your child could possibly develop in life, would you?

(University of North Carolina Health Care) Adding genomic sequencing results to traditional newborn screening means a baby could potentially test positive for numerous conditions that might not develop within their lifetime. A UNC School of Medicine study proposed a method for how to responsibly determine which types of conditions to include in testing and potentially return to parents.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2K3Ys6W

Better together: human and robot co-workers

(University of Göttingen) More and more processes are being automated and digitised. Self-driving delivery vehicles, such as forklifts, are finding their way into many areas -- and companies are reporting potential time and cost savings. However, an interdisciplinary research team from the universities of Göttingen, Duisburg-Essen and Trier has observed that cooperation between humans and machines can work much better than just human or just robot teams alone. The results were published in the International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JD2u6S

Reimagining the world in playful ways

(RMIT University) An RMIT researcher has developed a new way for citizens to explore and activate their cities using an augmented reality app where users scan urban codes to unlock fragments of animation and sound.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2K0tdcR

New neurons form in the brain into tenth decade of life, even in people with Alzheimer's

(University of Illinois at Chicago) Researchers examining post-mortem brain tissue from people ages 79 to 99 found that new neurons continue to form well into old age. The study provides evidence that this occurs even in people with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, although neurogenesis is significantly reduced in these people compared to older adults with normal cognitive functioning.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2K3UVpc

How single neurons and brain networks support spatial navigation

(Ruhr-University Bochum) Research groups worldwide have studied the neuronal basis of spatial navigation, and the activity of both individual nerve cells and large cell assemblies in the brain appear to play a crucial role in the process. However, the relationship between the behaviour of individual cells and the behaviour of large cell networks has for the most part remained unexplored. Various theories on this topic were put forward by an international research team in a review article.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2M4JBvu

Odds of success

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) The more a student engages with various activities on campus, the higher their odds of success post-graduation. According to a study by researchers from the Higher School of Economics, not only academic but also research and social engagement, such as participation in student organisations and events, can be linked to the development of critical thinking skills which are essential for general well-being as well as career advancement.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VXIBhn

Short-term use of opioids increases subjective pleasure

(University of Helsinki) As indicated by a recently published study, short-term opioid use shifts a range of emotional responses to the positive direction. This may be one of the reasons behind the onset of opioid use disorder.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YJfH1f

PSA, a prostate cancer marker, activates vascular and lymphangiogenic growth factors

(University of Helsinki) A new study indicates that PSA, a prostate cancer marker, is one of the catalysts that activate vascular endothelial and lymphangiogenic growth factors which contribute to the spread of cancer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wgyyVd

To save biodiversity and feed the future, first cure 'plant blindness'

(International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT)) From the urban jungle -- even the leafier parts of suburbia -- we often have a tough time naming the last plant we saw. Even if we just ate part of it. This is a symptom of 'plant blindness,' a term coined two decades ago by researchers who showed that people are perilously disconnected from the plant kingdom. This has progressed to the point where we hardly recognize the plants that feed us every day.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30KFfga

Trinity researchers find stark social inequalities in children's body mass index (BMI)

(Trinity College Dublin) Researchers at Trinity College have found that socioeconomic inequalities in children's body mass index (BMI) emerge during the preschool years and widen across childhood and into early adolescence. By analyzing data on height and weight (BMI) they found that lower maternal education was associated with faster gains in child body weight but lower height growth leading to a higher risk of overweight and obesity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2W414Jd

New study recommends legal recommendations for dealing with false memories in court

(SAGE) Although kids are known for their active imaginations, research shows that children are actually less likely than adults to create false memories. In a new study, the authors reinforce this research in order to detail new policy recommendations.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VYV5Fy

High-intensity exercise may restore heart function in people with type 2 diabetes

(University of Otago) University of Otago researchers have discovered that high-intensity exercise can reduce or reverse the loss in heart function caused by type 2 diabetes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HPxw84

Measles vaccination: 'All for one and one for all'

(Florida Atlantic University) A commentary by researchers addresses the specter of clinical, ethical, public health and legal concerns that have been raised because of the recent measles outbreaks in New York. So far, the outbreaks seem to have emanated from ultra-Orthodox Jewish residents whose affected children were never vaccinated. Their commentary is motivated in part by the availability of important and relevant data from a small case series of interviews conducted with ultra-Orthodox Jewish mothers in Williamsburg and Rockland counties.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JDJ8OK

Being bilingual is great. But it may not boost some brain functions

A large study of U.S. bilingual children didn’t turn up obvious benefits in abilities to ignore distractions or switch quickly between tasks.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/30IEog4

CBT could benefit mental health of children with long-term conditions

(University of Exeter) The mental health of children and young people with some long term physical conditions could benefit from cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), according to a recent study from the University of Exeter Medical School. The systematic review used robust methods to bring together and make sense of the best science in this area.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Ewboi6

AFAR celebrates Women in Science and Tech

(American Federation for Aging Research) The American Federation for Aging Research (AFAR) will celebrate women in science and tech on Wednesday, May 29, 2019 at an intimate awards dinner at Green Hills Country Club, 500 Ludeman Lane, Millbrae, Calif., from 6:30-9 p.m. AFAR will honor Katy Fike, Ph.D., Co-Founder, AGING2.0 and Managing Director, Generator Ventures, and Prachi J. Vakharia, Founder, WOMANIUM. Each will receive AFAR's Icon of Aging award.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VYzL31

Initially threatened by change, people adapt to societal diversity over time

(Princeton University, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs) With time, people can adapt to societal diversity and actually benefit from it, according to a study led by researchers at Princeton University and the University of Oxford. Those in power especially set the tone for integrating people into a new society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30GQ5Uw

Coming to your household soon: 3-D food printers, nano foods and bug burgers

(University of Massachusetts at Amherst) David Julian McClements, Distinguished Professor of Food Science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and among the world's most highly cited researchers, has written a new book that explores the brave new world of science and food.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2EtdfEl

Experimental fertility preservation provides hope for young men

(Children's National Health System) Testicular tissue samples obtained from 189 males who were facing procedures that could imperil fertility were cryopreserved at one university, proving the feasibility of centralized processing and freezing of testicular tissue obtained from academic medical centers, including Children's National, scattered around the world.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VXSmMD

Marching for climate change may sway people's beliefs and actions

(Penn State) Americans have a long tradition of taking to the streets to protest or to advocate for things they believe in. New research suggests that when it comes to climate change, these marches may indeed have a positive effect on the public.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30EkTVT

What we think we know -- but might not -- pushes us to learn more

(University of California - Berkeley) Our doubts about what we think we know pique our curiosity and motivate us to learn more, according to new research from the University of California, Berkeley.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VKFp3q

The politics of ugly buildings

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) In new book, MIT's Timothy Hyde looks at the architectural controversies that have helped shape Britain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VGsz6s

Report finds California above national average for sexual harassment rates

(University of California - San Diego) A new study shows California sexual harassment rates above national average.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30HyH2e

Unique Iron Age shield gives insight into prehistoric technology

(University of York) A unique bark shield, thought to have been constructed with wooden laths during the Iron Age, has provided new insight into the construction and design of prehistoric weaponry.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2HxQmS9

The effect of sleep quality on peptic-ulcer relapse in older adults

(American Geriatrics Society) Poor sleep quality and peptic ulcer disease (PUD, a condition when sores known as ulcers develop on the lining of your stomach or in the first part of your small intestine) are both major public health problems that affect the physical and psychological wellbeing of older adults.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Qs5a81

Picture imperfect: Eliminating asthma triggers through smartphones

(Children's National Health System) Children's National is among five awardees sharing $10 million in funding under Fannie Mae's Sustainable Communities Innovation Challenge: Healthy Affordable Housing, a national competition to identify innovative ideas to help children and families enjoy safer homes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wclgsU

Vadim Gladyshev to present at the 6th Aging Research for Drug Discovery Forum in Basel

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Vadim Gladyshev, Ph.D., Professor of Medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, to present at the 6th Aging Research for Drug Discovery Forum in Basel, Switzerland.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Qs57sR

Embedded psychiatrist in pediatric clinic improves evaluation access, short-term treatment

(Boston Medical Center) A novel method of embedding child psychiatric care in an urban pediatrics clinic was found to be feasible and a promising way to increase access to and engagement in psychiatric care among a primarily Latino population, according to new study from Boston Medical Center researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HU8QLU

The healing power of fish skin for a dog named Stella

(Michigan State University) Michigan State University veterinarians used a creative approach to treat the burns of Stella, a 1-year-old Rottweiler puppy, who escaped a house fire. Smoke inhalation prohibited Stella from being sedated for skin grafts, so the team from the MSU Veterinary Medical Center used cod fish skins to help heal Stella's burns. This successful treatment could help other animals.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VNlvoy

Obsessive-compulsive disorder research needs more focus on patients, new study asserts

(Concordia University) In a review of recent literature on obsessive-compulsive disorder, researcher/practitioner Professor Adam Radomsky writes that cognitive science is becoming further and further removed from the people those studies are supposed to help: OCD patients and the therapists who treat them.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2we3pld

New in Ethics & Human Research, May-June 2019

(The Hastings Center) Parent experiences when approached for research in a pediatric intensive care unit, the role of inclusion benefits in ethics committee assessment of research, and more in the current issue.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QiTx2W

New stimulant formulations emerging to better treat ADHD

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A comprehensive new review of the expanding scope of stimulants available to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) serves as a valuable guide to clinicians as they choose from among the many new drug formulations and technologies available to treat this complex disorder. The wide-ranging review is published in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert Inc. publishers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wgZzbf

Menopausal changes to female heart happen earlier than thought

(University of Guelph) A new University of Guelph study is the first to reveal hidden changes that are happening to the female heart during perimenopause -- the stage before menopause sets in.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wixTT6

Doctoral researcher examines American and European 'lifestyle migrants' in Costa Rica

(University of Kansas) A University of Kansas doctoral student in the Department of Sociology recently earned a $15,000, one-year grant from the NSF to research 'lifestyle migrants' in Costa Rica.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Qm3bSr

Group practice of Transcendental Meditation dramatically reduced violence in Cambodia, new study shows

(Maharishi University of Management) According to a new peer-reviewed study published in Studies in Asian Social Science, group practice of the Transcendental Meditation® and TM-Sidhi® programs in Cambodia between 1993 and 2008 was associated with a 96.2% decline in sociopolitical violence in that war-torn country compared to violence in the preceding three years. The authors conclude the likelihood this reversal in the rising 1990-1992 trend of violence occurred randomly was one chance in 10 million.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QlTJOT

Research reveals how personality affects susceptibility to persuasion

(Edge Hill University) Researchers at Edge Hill University in England have helped identify personality traits which make people more (or less) susceptible to persuasion than others.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wgWIPq

Reading with toddlers reduces harsh parenting, enhances child behavior

(Rutgers University) People who regularly read with their toddlers are less likely to engage in harsh parenting and the children are less likely to be hyperactive or disruptive, a Rutgers-led study finds.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QoCaxS

Strengthening fundamental research in Africa

(Goethe University Frankfurt) Researchers from Goethe University and the University of Basel are creating a postgraduate academy in Bamako (Mali). The project, entitled 'Pilot Africa Postgraduate Academy' (PAPA), has received €973,000 from the Gerda Henkel Stiftung. The aim is to strengthen fundamental research in the humanities and social sciences in Africa.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wg4Gsc

Proof it's possible to enhance or suppress memories

(Boston University) Boston University neuroscientist Steve Ramirez and collaborators have published a new paper showing memories are pliable if you know which regions of the brain's hippocampus to stimulate, which could someday enable personalized treatment for people with PTSD, depression and anxiety.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wh8VDY

Targeting key gene could help lead to down syndrome treatment

(Rutgers University) Targeting a key gene before birth could someday help lead to a treatment for Down syndrome by reversing abnormal embryonic brain development and improving cognitive function after birth, according to a Rutgers-led study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YGCE5l

Big black holes can settle in the outskirts of small galaxies

Astronomers have found dozens of surprisingly massive black holes far from the centers of their host dwarf galaxies.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2QiDPoB

DFG to fund 13 new research training groups

(Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) Topics range from the physics of the heaviest particles to cybercrime and the consequences of social services work / €65 million for initial four-and-a-half-year period.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2M37js5

Information and language in news impact prejudice against minorities

(University of Bern) Researchers at the Institute of Psychology show how news about immigrants and language describing immigrants shape prejudice against immigrants and other social minorities, as part of the project 'Immigrants in the Media.' For instance, nouns used for describing the ethnicity of immigrants enhance prejudice against immigrants more than adjectives.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WWgT0R

Thoughts on body image in pregnancy important indicator of emotional wellbeing

(University of York) Researchers have shown that a new way of assessing women's relationship with their bodies during pregnancy could help predict how well the mother might bond with her unborn baby and her longer-term emotional wellbeing.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2WWgziF

Exposure to air pollution before and after birth may affect fundamental cognitive abilities

(Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal)) A study finds that exposure to fine particulate matter in the first years of life is associated with poorer performance in working memory and executive attention.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2JzoPSP

Phase transitions: The math behind the music

(Case Western Reserve University) Physics Professor Jesse Berezovsky contends that until now, much of the thinking about math and music has been a top-down approach, applying mathematical ideas to existing musical compositions as a way of understanding already existing music. He contends he's uncovering the 'emergent structures of musical harmony' inherent in the art, just as order comes from disorder in the physical world. He believes that could mean a whole new way of looking at music of the past, present and future.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2QiaXgc

Tortoises on the menu

(Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology) An international team of researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig and the University of Osnabrück, Germany, have observed wild chimpanzees in the Loango National Park, Gabon, eating tortoises. They describe the first observations of this potentially cultural behavior where chimpanzees hit tortoises against tree trunks until the tortoises' shells break open and then feed on the meat.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wfLECo

Spherical flames in space could solve the mystery of soot-free fires

In microgravity, flames are sphere-shaped. Tests of fire on the International Space Station are helping show how gases flow within flames.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2X7iFfS

Sweaty, vinegary and sweet odors mingle to make dark chocolate’s smell

Scientists have worked out the chemistry of dark chocolate’s smell and reconstructed the aroma.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2JVv96t

New report lays groundwork for improving social and behavioral science impact metrics

(SAGE) While measurement of science impact has traditionally been synonymous with citation counts in academic journals, such counts fail to capture the influence that research can have on policy, practice, and the public. While the social and behavioral sciences (SBS) are uniquely positioned to make this impact and thus benefit society, their true impact is often ignored or overlooked. A new report out today establishes imperatives and recommended actions to improve the measurement of SBS impact.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30DhM0q

Creativity: A question of impulsiveness

(University of Erlangen-Nuremberg) How can employees' working time be organized so as to enable them to perform in the best possible way when completing both creative and routine tasks? Two economists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg investigated this question and made a surprising discovery. Which working model works best depends on employees' impulsiveness.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Hxq2aI

New report: Nearly 19,000 asylum seekers await US entry in Mexican border cities

(University of California - San Diego) The number of asylum seekers on wait lists in Mexican border cities or those waiting to get on these lists has grown to 18,700, according to a new report. It reveals the number of asylum-seekers has grown by more than 14,000 in just over the last three months. In addition, wait times are longer than ever before, averaging about one month, and asylum seekers are arriving to an increasing number of cities.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2wdbpmD

Belief in the 'prosperity gospel' does not turn people into successful entrepreneurs

(Baylor University) Belief in the 'Prosperity Gospel' -- that God financially blesses faithful followers -- does not turn individuals into successful entrepreneurs. But prosperity beliefs can fuel values linked to entrepreneurial thinking, such as power and achievement, according to a Baylor University study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HwUodA

DOD awards Pitt, CMU contracts to create an autonomous robotic trauma care system

(University of Pittsburgh) The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Carnegie Mellon University were each awarded 4-year contracts totaling nearly $7.5 million from the US Department of Defense to create an autonomous trauma care system that fits in a backpack and can treat and stabilize soldiers injured in remote locations.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2HurgDI

Scientists discover novel genes responsible for regulating muscle cells

(York University) York University scientists have uncovered a unique set of genes that play a role in muscle cellular gene expression and differentiation which could lead to new therapeutic targets to prevent the spread of muscle cancer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2M2GTqw

Surgery patients are getting older every year

(Wiley) A new BJS (British Journal of Surgery) analysis reveals that people undergoing surgery in England are getting older at a faster rate than the general population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Wlkete

As more veterans die of opioid overdoses, study shows need to focus beyond prescriptions

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) A dramatic rise in opioid overdose deaths among American veterans in recent years has happened mainly among veterans dying from heroin and synthetic opioids, a new study shows. The study highlights a pressing need to find and provide care to veterans who need help for use of non-prescription opioids, whether or not they are also taking prescription opioids.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VHtQdF

Faulty cellular antennae may cause a heart valve disorder

Mitral valve prolapse might be caused by dysfunctional primary cilia meant to signal cells during development.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2HRUewe

University forms new center to battle Miami's HIV epidemic

(University of Miami) Behavioral and social scientists at the University of Miami were recently awarded a four-year $3.32 million grant by the National Institute of Mental Health to establish a developmental AIDS Research Center to promote research aimed at curbing the local epidemic.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2M43h2I

Insilico and Ageing research at King's partner for health-span and longevity collaboration

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Insilico and Ageing Research at King's enter a research collaboration to optimize opportunities for healthy ageing and longevity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Wk4SFl

Soft, social robot brings coziness to homes -- and classrooms

(Cornell University) A new social robot that can be customized with handcrafted material, such as wood and wool, brings simplicity and fun to home robotics -- and will soon be used to help teach math to fourth graders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2VH8QUf

Lupus characteristics and progression differ among racial/ethnic groups

(Wiley) In the first epidemiologic study comparing lupus among four major racial/ethnic groups, researchers found that, following a lupus diagnosis, blacks, Asians/Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics are at increased risk of developing problems related to the kidneys, the neurological system, and the blood. The findings are published in Arthritis Care & Research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/30FENQH

Baalbek: Were the megaliths put in place under Herod?

(Politecnico di milano) One of the most complex architectural feats ever conceived on planet Earth is the magnificent temple of Jupiter at Baalbek, Lebanon. The temple is worldwide famous for its size and megalithic architecture, but a impressive number of problems remain unsolved about this monument, including precise dating of the phases ofconstruction. The Romans indeed certainly built the final phase, boosting huge 20-meter-high columns, around 60 AD, but who started the construction?

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://bit.ly/2YI8Rci

Emissions of a banned ozone-destroying chemical have been traced to China

Since 2013, eastern China has increased its annual emissions of a banned chlorofluorocarbon by about 7,000 metric tons, a study finds.

from Latest Headlines | Science News http://bit.ly/2WkfgwX

Infants later diagnosed with autism seldom initiate joint attention

(Uppsala University) A new study published in Biological Psychiatry shows that infants who are later diagnosed with autism react adequately when others initiate joint attention, but seldom actively seek to establish such episodes themselves. This finding provides support for the view that children with autism have reduced social motivation already as infants.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2Hu8A74

Eating healthily at work matters

(Elsevier) A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, published by Elsevier, demonstrated that employees at a large urban hospital who purchased the least healthy food in its cafeteria were more likely to have an unhealthy diet outside of work, be overweight and/or obese, and have risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease, compared to employees who made healthier purchases.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://bit.ly/2YHEqD6