UTA civil engineer earns grant to improve quality of streamflow modeling

(University of Texas at Arlington) Seongjin Noh, assistant professor for research in UTA's Civil Engineering Department, will use a two-year, $209,564 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration grant to create a streamflow data assimilator to improve the National Weather Service's ability to monitor and predict floods and droughts in the nation's rivers and streams.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xQDlPs

CU Anschutz: Law enforcement and gun retailers are resources for safe gun storage

(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) Law enforcement agencies and gun retailers can be resources to concerned families for storing guns to prevent suicide, according to a new study from the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus. It is the first to examine the extent to which these organizations are willing to offer voluntary, temporary storage -- especially when a household member is in crisis -- according to surveys conducted in eight mountain west states.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hCcLDB

SUG conference brings faculty and students together with OSC staff

(Ohio Supercomputer Center) A day after the Ohio Supercomputer Center celebrated its 30th anniversary jointly with the Ohio Academic Recources Network (OARnet), the Center held its Statewide Users Group (SUG) Autumn Conference. SUG is a volunteer group composed of the scientists and engineers who provide OSC's leadership with program and policy advice and direction to ensure a productive environment for research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wowY24

Who's judging you based on brand choices?

(Society for Consumer Psychology) A new study shows that people with a flexible mindset do not tend to judge others based on the brands they use, while people with a fixed mindset use brands to judge another person's character.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xR0fWy

Physical abuse and punishment impact children's academic performance

(Penn State) A Penn State researcher and her collaborator found that physical abuse was associated with decreases in children's cognitive performance, while non-abusive forms of physical punishment were independently associated with reduced school engagement and increased peer isolation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fXllZX

Examining the management of diabetes in special populations

(Bentham Science Publishers) A special issue of Current Diabetes Review examining the management of diabetes in special populations: awareness of the needs of ethnic minorities, elderly patients, bariatric surgery patients, those with mental illness, and those being discharged from the hospital.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xQDiTB

Gamers have an advantage in learning

(Ruhr-University Bochum) Neuropsychologists of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum let video gamers compete against non-gamers in a learning competition. During the test, the video gamers performed significantly better and showed an increased brain activity in the brain areas that are relevant for learning. Prof Dr Boris Suchan, Sabrina Schenk and Robert Lech report their findings in the journal Behavioural Brain Research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fWVRvE

New book provides insights on the AIDS pandemic -- past, present, and future

(Springer) Dynamic leaders spearheaded the global response to the emergence of AIDS, but found themselves hampered by structural weaknesses in the United Nations, the political whims of governments, and the complexities of the disease itself, according to the authors of a new book. In The AIDS Pandemic: Searching for a Global Response, Michael Merson and Stephen Inrig identify key deficiencies and provide a clear analysis of the lessons that can, and should, be learned.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xLHDXM

IU, Regenstrief, LifeOmic announce collaboration to revolutionize medicine

(Regenstrief Institute) Indiana University, the Regenstrief Institute and Indianapolis-based technology company LifeOmic have announced a first-of-its kind collaboration to advance the development of precision medicine, a personalized approach to disease treatment and prevention.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xQAkOU

Scandinavia's earliest farmers exchanged terminology with Indo-Europeans

(University of Copenhagen - Faculty of Humanities) 5,000 years ago, the Yamnaya culture migrated into Europe from the Caspian steppe. In addition to innovations such as the wagon and dairy production, they brought a new language -- Indo-European -- that replaced most local languages the following millennia. But local cultures also influenced the new language, particularly in southern Scandinavia, where Neolithic farmers made lasting contributions to Indo-European vocabulary before their own language went extinct, new research shows.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xCHDtZ

Scandinavia's earliest farmers exchanged terminology with Indo-Europeans

(University of Copenhagen - Faculty of Humanities) 5,000 years ago, the Yamnaya culture migrated into Europe from the Caspian steppe. In addition to innovations such as the wagon and dairy production, they brought a new language -- Indo-European -- that replaced most local languages the following millennia. But local cultures also influenced the new language, particularly in southern Scandinavia, where Neolithic farmers made lasting contributions to Indo-European vocabulary before their own language went extinct, new research shows.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2xCHDtZ

An epidemic of dream deprivation: UA review finds unrecognized health hazard of sleep loss

(University of Arizona Health Sciences) UA Center for Integrative Medicine sleep and dream specialist Dr. Rubin Naiman's comprehensive review of data about the causes, extent and consequences of dream loss includes recommendations for restoring healthy dreaming.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xPaP0p

JCU team's winning basketball formula

(James Cook University) James Cook University scientists in Australia have come up with a winning formula for basketball teams looking to take home Olympic gold.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fyjASn

Immune system cells protect against CMV-induced hearing loss in mice

(PLOS) Immune system cells known as natural killer cells play an important protective role against hearing loss in mice infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV), according to a new study published in PLOS Pathogens.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fwVibh

TSRI researchers get a lead on how to detect degenerative neurological diseases sooner

(Scripps Research Institute) Researchers at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) may have found a way to help doctors diagnose diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's earlier in their progression.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xOOEHz

Elderly who have trouble identifying odors face risk of dementia

(University of Chicago Medical Center) A long-term study of nearly 3,000 older adults found that those who could not identify at least four out of five common odors were more than twice as likely as those with a normal sense of smell to develop dementia within five years. About 14 percent could name just three, 5 percent could identify only two, and 2 percent could name just one. One percent of the study subjects were not able to identify a single scent.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2x1j5uX

Women with disabilities may be missing out on cancer screening

(Cancer Research UK) Women with disabilities are a third less likely to participate in breast cancer screening and a quarter less likely to take part in bowel cancer screening compared to women reporting no disabilities, according to a new paper published in the British Journal of Cancer by researchers from the University of Oxford.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fC7V8C

Understanding connection between HIV transmission & racial/ethnic/geographical differences

(University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing) The health effects of where people live, work, and interact are well documented, as are the value of neighborhood-level structural interventions designed to improve health. But place-based characteristics that contribute to disparities in HIV transmission and disease burden are poorly understood, possibly resulting in less-effective HIV risk reduction interventions and programming.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xB5CtA

Artificial muscles, tendons would make prosthetic limbs more lifelike

(University of Houston) An engineer from the University of Houston has received a $500,000 CAREER award from the National Science Foundation to develop artificial muscle and tendons for prostheses that are more comfortable and work more efficiently than current models.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yKkxPB

A flexible new platform for high-performance electronics

(University of Wisconsin-Madison) A team of University of Wisconsin-Madison engineers has created the most functional flexible transistor in the world -- and with it, a fast, simple and inexpensive fabrication process that's easily scalable to the commercial level. It's an advance that could open the door to an increasingly interconnected world, enabling manufacturers to add 'smart,' wireless capabilities to any number of large or small products or objects -- like wearable sensors and computers for people and animals -- that curve, bend, stretch and move.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xF5CpO

Stone Age child reveals that modern humans emerged more than 300,000 years ago

(University of Johannesburg) How old is our species? The complete genomes of three Stone Age individuals from the KwaZulu-Natal coast, helped to shed light on the age of our species. Their DNA shows that genetically modern humans emerged much earlier than previously thought, and probably in more than one African region.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2x02s2K

Stanford study shows how 'love hormone' spurs sociability

(Stanford University Medical Center) Oxytocin, a substance involved in nurturing, sexual and pair-bonding behaviors, has also been implicated in overall sociability. A new Stanford study describes the brain circuitry that's involved.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yK5OnW

Stone Age child reveals that modern humans emerged more than 300,000 years ago

(University of Johannesburg) How old is our species? The complete genomes of three Stone Age individuals from the KwaZulu-Natal coast, helped to shed light on the age of our species. Their DNA shows that genetically modern humans emerged much earlier than previously thought, and probably in more than one African region.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2x02s2K

Modern humans emerged more than 300,000 years ago new study suggests

(Uppsala University) A genomic analysis of ancient human remains from KwaZulu-Natal revealed that southern Africa has an important role to play in writing the history of humankind. A research team from Uppsala University, Sweden, the Universities of Johannesburg and the Witwatersrand, South Africa, presents their results in the Sept. 28 early online issue of Science.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2xFuBcs

Advancing a shared goal for farmers and conservation

(American Society of Agronomy) The Nature Conservancy and the American Society of Agronomy (ASA), Crop Science Society of America (CSSA), Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) -- collectively known as the TriSocieties -- today announced a new partnership to advance the science of soil health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2k6fvdb

Indonesian prisoners with HIV getting aid from UIC researchers

(University of Illinois at Chicago) The University of Illinois at Chicago College of Nursing has received a four-year federal grant to assist HIV-positive prisoners in Indonesia -- a southeast Asian country where the number of new infections is increasing rapidly.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wnPTKi

Students know about learning strategies -- but don't use them

(Frontiers) Researchers find that university students have high levels of knowledge about self-regulated learning strategies, but many students don't use them. Specific training on how and when to use these techniques could help more students to maximize their academic potential.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wZUySb

Over a quarter of workers 'too busy' to drink coffee at work, European survey reveals

(Kaizo) A new survey covering six European countries has revealed that over a quarter of workers are too busy for a coffee break in the office. Workers associated coffee and short breaks with increased productivity, however 29 percent said that they didn't have time or were too busy to drink coffee at work.The findings suggest that workers may be less productive as a result.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xzOSCM

Study unlocks why public appeals may fall flat with some would-be donors

(University of Western Ontario) To give or not to give: sometimes the answer is in the question, researchers into human behaviour and charitable giving have found. The study, led by a researcher from Western University in Canada, suggests that sometimes the 'ask' needs to suit the potential donors' sense of independence or interdependence.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hyNhqE

Study provides first estimate of total US population with felony convictions

(University of Georgia) New research led by a University of Georgia sociologist on the growth in the scope and scale of felony convictions finds that, as of 2010, 3 percent of the total US population and 15 percent of the African-American male population have served time in prison. People with felony convictions more broadly account for 8 percent of the overall population and 33 percent of the African-American male population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xA2mOR

Acculturation may be a predictor of psychological birth trauma adolescent Latina moms

(University of Texas at Arlington) Acculturation may play a key role in psychological birth trauma among young Latina mothers, according to a study by a researcher at the University of Texas at Arlington's College of Nursing and Health Innovation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yv8OU5

5TONIC successfully tests cohere technologies' OTFS

(IMDEA Networks Institute) 5TONIC partners Telefónica, IMDEA Networks, University Carlos III Madrid, and Cohere Technologies announced today the companies have cooperated in a number of successful trials to test Cohere Technologies' OTFS waveform, a new radio technology that has been proposed for 5G radio interface in 3GPP.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2k4fExw

ECDC study: Nearly 1 in 6 new HIV diagnoses in Europe are among people over 50

(European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) ) A study published in The Lancet HIV showed that while the rate of newly reported HIV cases in Europe remained steady in younger people between 2004 and 2015, it increased by 2 percent each year overall in older people. With around 30,000 newly diagnosed HIV infections reported each year over the last decade, the HIV epidemic remains a significant public health problem in the 31 countries of the European Union and European Economic Area.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fDAjHn

CMU's Center for Human Rights Science receives $100,000 grant from Open Society Foundations

(Carnegie Mellon University) To drive the discovery, ethical evaluation and responsible promotion of emerging technologies that can be used to document human rights atrocities, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning techniques, computer vision, blockchain and biosensors, Open Society Foundations has awarded CHRS $100,000.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wn2Sfu

How brain develops before birth is tightly controlled by RNA modification

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) A chemical tag added to RNA during embryonic development regulates how the early brain grows. When this development goes awry, problems happen and may cause psychiatric disorders in people.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wncPcw

Can a pumpkin-shaped molecule bring a different ending to 'Breaking Bad'?

(Institute for Basic Science) A cheap, sensitive, real-time meth and amphetamine drug detector wristband connected to a smartphone app could become the new alcohol breathalyzer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wlZNfF

For boys at risk of psychopathy, laughter isn't so contagious

(Cell Press) For most people, laughter is highly contagious. It's nearly impossible to hear or see someone laughing and not feel the urge to join in. But researchers reporting in Current Biology on Sept. 28 have new evidence to show that boys at risk of developing psychopathy when they become adults don't have that same urge.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wmey1P

In people with OCD, actions are at odds with beliefs

(Cell Press) The repeated behaviors that characterize obsessive-compulsive disorder are a manifestation of an underlying brain dysfunction that is not yet well understood. Now, in a study in Neuron, scientists in the UK report the use of a mathematical model that they say will help them get at the root of what causes OCD. They find that people with OCD develop an internal, accurate sense of how things work but do not use it to guide behavior.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wmi8ZZ

Speedy urine test for amphetamines sends results via app

(Cell Press) Researchers in Korea have developed a wireless sensor and a smartphone app that can detect the presence of speed in a drop of human urine in seconds. The prototype device is also portable enough to be worn as a bracelet, has unprecedented sensitivity for amphetamines with low risk for false-positive results, and costs about $50 to produce. They present their proof-of-concept design Sept. 28 in the journal Chem.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wmWAwr

Paper: Don't rely on mixed messages to change health behaviors

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Self-improvement messages to lose weight, quit smoking or eat more fruits and vegetables can fall on deaf ears if the intervention message is mixed, says new research from U. of I. psychology professor Dolores Albarracin.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fTB8bT

Immeasurable hardiness of character

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) The Grit Scale questionnaire has gained popularity over the past decade, not only in research but also in practical psychology and in employee selection. Researchers at Higher School of Economics have found a way to prove that 'grit' is not a single personality trait and the Grit Scale measures two independent constructs. Their findings are published in the European Journal of Psychological Assessment.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xHWhiC

Magee-Womens Research Institute announces award to advance discoveries in women's health

(University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences) To advance innovative research in women's health, a $1M prize will be awarded to top scientists at the inaugural 9-90™ Research Summit.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xNUpph

New triage tool helps doctors save lives when resources are most limited

(University of Virginia Health System) An international team of researchers has developed a simple way for healthcare providers to quickly identify and prioritize patients at the greatest risk of death.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xIlFox

Study finds driving speed affected when a driver's mind 'wanders'

(North Carolina State University) Research finds that driving speed fluctuates more when a driver's mind wanders from focusing on the act of driving - and that the outside environment influences how often a driver's mind wanders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hzlfLI

How do zebrafish develop their stripes?

(Cardiff University) A Cardiff University mathematician has thrown new light on the longstanding mystery of how zebrafish develop the distinctive striped patterns on their skin.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fBx979

Abusive bosses experience short-lived benefits

(Michigan State University) Being a jerk to your employees may actually improve your well-being, but only for a short while, suggests new research on abusive bosses co-authored by a Michigan State University business scholar.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fCdnbr

Mapping the thylacine's mysterious loss from mainland

(University of Adelaide) Ancient DNA extracted from fossil bones and museum specimens has shed new light on the mysterious loss of the Tasmanian tiger (thylacine) from Australia's mainland.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2fTlNbu

Women with suspected HPV adverse effects more often suffered from psychiatric disorders

(Aarhus University) New research from Aarhus University shows that women who are referred to an HPV center more often have had psychiatric medicine prescribed or been hospitalized for psychiatric conditions up to five years before they received the vaccine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ftXHnf

Study suggests an answer to young people's persistent sleep problems

(James Cook University) A collaborative research project involving James Cook University and the University of Queensland indicates high rates of sleep problems continuing through teenage years and into early adulthood -- but also suggests a natural remedy.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fU0JBy

Researchers identify intriguing link between sleep, cognition and schizophrenia

(University of Maryland School of Medicine) Many people with schizophrenia have trouble with learning and memory. A new study has found intriguing links between sleep, cognition and a compound called kynurenine. These links could illuminate the mechanism that causes cognitive problems among those with the disease, and could point the way to new treatments to reduce some of the disease's symptoms.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fAxBCs

Working group urges better access to safe abortion, in developing world

(University of Massachusetts at Amherst) On International Safe Abortion Day, Sept. 28, an international research group reports in a new paper with senior author Leontine Alkema at the University of Massachusetts Amherst that out of the 55.7 million abortions that are estimated to have occurred each year between 2010 and 2014, almost half (45.1 percent) were unsafe. Further, they found that the global proportion of unsafe abortions is significantly higher in developing countries than developed countries, 49.5 percent vs. 12.5 percent.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hwWbog

Strong family ties improve employment options for people with childhood-onset disabilities

(Oregon State University) Family and close friends play an integral role in helping people with childhood-onset disabilities attain quality employment as adults, a new study from Oregon State University has found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xGxPy1

Earliest evidence for a native African cultigen discovered in Eastern Sudan

(University of Chicago Press Journals) Archaeologists examining plant impressions within broken pottery have discovered the earliest evidence for domesticated sorghum in Africa.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hxztwr

Interactive web tool shows potential impact of tobacco policies

(University of Michigan) If the minimum age for buying tobacco legally were changed to 21, it could save more than 35,000 lives in Texas, 15,000 in Florida and more than 12,000 in Michigan by 2100, according to a new web application.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wXeHZ4

Earliest evidence for a native African cultigen discovered in Eastern Sudan

(University of Chicago Press Journals) Archaeologists examining plant impressions within broken pottery have discovered the earliest evidence for domesticated sorghum in Africa.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2hxztwr

New study released on nontraffic injuries and fatalities in young children

(Brown University) From 1990-2014, researchers found more than 11,750 distinct incidents in a variety of venues and vehicles affecting 14,568 children 14 years and younger, resulting in nearly 3,400 deaths.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wXbEF4

The hormone that could be making your dog aggressive

(University of Arizona) Thousands of people are hospitalized every year for dog bites, and aggressive behavior is a major reason dogs end up in shelters. University of Arizona researcher Evan MacLean studied the biology behind canine aggression, specifically the role of the hormones vasopressin and oxytocin.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xL32Rj

Confronting dementia from lab to bedside

(Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute) To bolster the connections between benchside and bedside, the National Institutes of Health National Institute on Aging has awarded Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute a five-year $1.5 million training grant to support a new Alzheimer's Disease Clinical and Translational Research Training Program.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fr17XH

Study examines survival of very low birthweight babies

(Wiley) A new study published in Acta Paediatrica indicates that survival of babies born weighing ?500 g is poor despite advances in neonatal care.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xC1pDz

Opioid crisis in Staten Island affects all races and socioeconomic backgrounds

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) Contrary to media reports, the opioid epidemic on Staten Island is not confined to affluent young white residents, and affects all neighborhoods, races, ages, and socioeconomic backgrounds. The study is published in a report titled, "Staten Island Needs Assessment: Opioid Addiction Prevention and Treatment Systems of Care." The findings were presented at a press conference by the District Attorney's Office for Staten Island.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xLB8oq

Expectant mother's elevated blood pressure raises child's risk of obesity

(The Endocrine Society) When expectant mothers have elevated blood pressure during pregnancy, it may raise their children's risk of developing childhood obesity, according to a study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hwBwAN

Tree-climbing geckos that use narrower perches have longer limbs than expected

(PLOS) Tree-climbing geckos that use narrow perches have relatively longer limbs than comparisons with other tree-climbing lizards would suggest, according to a study published Sept. 27, 2017 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Travis Hagey from Michigan State University, US, and colleagues.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hyLFgu

Isotopic analyses link the lives of Late Neolithic individuals to burial location in Spain

(PLOS) An isotopic analysis of megalithic graves and caves in Spain may suggest the existence of a degree of differentiation in the lifeways of people buried in these different funerary sites, according to a study published Sept. 27, 2017 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Teresa Fernández-Crespo and Rick Schulting from the University of the Basque Country, Spain, and the University of Oxford, UK.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yu4kx7

Saber-toothed kittens may have been born with thicker bones than other contemporary cats

(PLOS) Saber-toothed kittens may have been born with thicker bones compared to other contemporary cats, but they have a similar pattern of bone development, according to a study published Sept. 27, 2017 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Katherine Long from California State Polytechnic University, USA and colleagues.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wXjCcp

Isotopic analyses link the lives of Late Neolithic individuals to burial location in Spain

(PLOS) An isotopic analysis of megalithic graves and caves in Spain may suggest the existence of a degree of differentiation in the lifeways of people buried in these different funerary sites, according to a study published Sept. 27, 2017 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Teresa Fernández-Crespo and Rick Schulting from the University of the Basque Country, Spain, and the University of Oxford, UK.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2yu4kx7

Saber-toothed kittens may have been born with thicker bones than other contemporary cats

(PLOS) Saber-toothed kittens may have been born with thicker bones compared to other contemporary cats, but they have a similar pattern of bone development, according to a study published Sept. 27, 2017 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Katherine Long from California State Polytechnic University, USA and colleagues.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2wXjCcp

Battling belly fat: Specialized immune cells impair metabolism in aging

(Yale University) In a new study, Yale researchers have described how nervous systems and immune systems talk to each other to control metabolism and inflammation. Their finding furthers scientists' understanding of why older adults fail to burn stored belly fat, which raises the risk of chronic disease. The study also points to potential therapeutic approaches to target the problem, the researchers said.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hyyZpK

Innovative banana breeding to improve nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa

(University of North Carolina at Charlotte) Dr. Robert Reid, Research Assistant Professor with UNC Charlotte's Bioinformatics Services Division at the North Carolina Research Campus, has been awarded a $25,000 grant through the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for the 'Improvement of Banana for the Smallholder Farmers in the Great Lakes Region of Africa.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wUKgro

Epigenetics of addiction: Epigenetic study untangles addiction and relapse in the brain

(Medical University of South Carolina) New research uncovers an epigenetic reason why drug users who attempt to quit are prone to relapse despite negative consequences to their health and livelihood. The findings, reported by researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina in the journal Neuron, help to explain how casual drug use can produce long-lasting brain changes that increase vulnerability to relapse in individuals suffering from substance use disorders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xGam08

Researchers uncover our brain's filing system for storing experiences

(New York University) A team of neuroscientists has uncovered how our brains organize, over time, our experiences: that is, according to their similarities.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wX4gEO

UTSA researcher, along with collaborators, will study resilience in LGBTQ+ populations

(University of Texas at San Antonio) Phillip Schnarrs, assistant professor in the UTSA Department of Kinesiology, Health and Nutrition, along with his collaborators, Amy Stone, associate professor of sociology and anthropology at Trinity University, and Robert Salcido from Pride Center San Antonio and Equality Texas, have been awarded a fellowship to study resilience in the LGBTQ+ populations in San Antonio and South Texas.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wWHCBk

Virtual reality helps veterans prepare for new jobs

(U.S. Army Research Laboratory) The US Army Research Laboratory and its partners recently developed a new way for veterans to seek employment.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yHbij9

Iron supplements have long-term benefits for low birth-weight babies

(Springer) Babies classified as low birth weight (under 2,500 grams) are at risk of iron deficiency, which is linked to impaired neurological development. A long-term randomized study now shows that providing such babies with iron supplements can prevent behavioral problems at school age. The study, led by Staffan Berglund of Umeå University in Sweden, is published in the journal Pediatric Research, which is published by Springer Nature.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xxCXpg

Unlocking the mysteries of memory -- and potentially enhancing it

(American Chemical Society) Memory acts like an anchor, reminding us of past experiences that have made us who we are today. Attempts to boost it, particularly as we age, have sprouted cottage industries of supplements and brain games. In parallel, researchers have been pursuing pharmaceutical interventions. In some of the latest work on this front, one team reports in ACS Chemical Neuroscience that they have identified a novel compound that enhances long-term memory in animal studies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fRnaYk

Cell phone users to help protect nation's water supply

(University of South Florida (USF Health)) The quality of our nation's drinking water and water supplies are constantly influx. Government and agricultural planners cannot be everywhere in monitoring these changes. A new app allows 'citizen scientists' to play an active role in protecting this important resource.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2k0HmLL

Defining optimal opioid pain medication prescription length following surgery

(Brigham and Women's Hospital) A new study led by researchers at the Center for Surgery and Public Health at Brigham and Women's Hospital analyzed opioid prescription data from the Department of Defense Military Health System Data Repository, identifying more than 200,000 opioid-naïve individuals who had undergone one of eight common surgical procedures between 2006 and 2014 and were subsequently prescribed opioid pain medication

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wWHBxg

Study reveals troubling disparities in prescribing opioids for patients with nonmalignant chronic pain

(University of Kansas) Published in the journal Pain Medicine, the analysis of 690 million outpatient visits related to nonmalignant chronic pain between 2000 and 2007 suggests prescriptions of opioids are influenced by non-medical factors such as a patient's form of insurance, geographic region and patient's relationship to the provider.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wUiZW5

Academic performance shapes student social networks

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Based on data from the VKontakte social network, researchers at Higher School of Economics and the Vienna Medical University have found a relationship between students' academic performance and their closest social environment. The study results were published in PLOS ONE

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xLGiAM

Anxious moms may give clues about how anxiety develops

(Penn State) Moms may be notorious worriers, but babies of anxious mothers may also spend more time focusing on threats in their environment, according to a team of researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fRiPnI

People think harder and produce better political arguments when their views are challenged

(Binghamton University) People who are presented with political statements contradictory to their own beliefs tend to think harder and produce better arguments, according to research from Binghamton University, State University of New York.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hzwD6j

Reducing disparities in cancer precision medicine

(Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center) The National Cancer Institute has awarded LSU Health New Orleans and Moffitt Comprehensive Cancer Center in Tampa a $2 million grant over four years to study cancer precision medicine with an emphasis on underserved minorities and to train students and junior scientists in cancer health disparities-based precision medicine research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xARcac

On a collision course with game theory

(University of Würzburg) How do pedestrians behave in a large crowd? How do they avoid collisions? How can their paths be modeled? A new approach developed by mathematicians from Würzburg and Nice provides answers to these questions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hz8Cwx

Committee aims to facilitate more expeditious design and conduct of nephrology clinical trials

(Children's National Health System) The American Society of Pediatric Nephrology established a Therapeutics Development Committee to forge more effective public-private partnerships and to outline strategies to design and carry out pediatric nephrology clinical trials more expeditiously and effectively.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fQKTrj

Internists express relief over failure of latest ACA repeal bill

(American College of Physicians) The ACP today said that it is relieved that the Graham-Cassidy-Johnson-Heller (GCJH) proposal will not be considered on the floor of the Senate this week because of a lack of support for the measure. The proposal continued to fall far short of meeting the criteria that ACP established that any reforms to current law, including the ACA, the Medicaid program, and the Children's Health Insurance Program should first, do no harm to patients.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yHbC1h

Monetising time savings makes toll roads financially stack up

(Queensland University of Technology) Putting a dollar value on the savings from traffic congestion, noise and air pollution as a result of toll roads and tunnels will make large infrastructure projects more cost effective, according to a new study by Queensland University of Technology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xFtYBB

How am I feeling? Ask my house

(Kyoto University) Improvements made in radar-based device that could instantaneously and accurately measure the body's vital signals.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yH5VjV

New study shows aggressive policing link to major crime

(Louisiana State University) A reduction in the systematic and aggressive enforcement of minor violations by police may reduce major crime complaints, suggests a paper published this week in Nature Human Behaviour. This finding challenges conventional thoughts on the relationship between authority and compliance.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hzoXBg

1 in 3 older adults take something to help them sleep but many don't talk to their doctors

(Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan) Sleep doesn't come easily for nearly half of older Americans, and more than a third have resorted to some sort of medication to help them doze off at night, a new national poll finds. But most said they hadn't talked to their doctor about their sleep, even though more than a third said their sleep posed a problem. Half believe -- incorrectly -- that sleep problems just come naturally with age.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fq6Ahl

In plain sight

(University of California - Santa Barbara) UCSB researchers compare the performance of human subjects versus deep neural networks in visual searches.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yrlTOm

Portland State study links cancerous toxins to cannabis extract

(Portland State University) Researchers at Portland State University found benzene and other potentially cancer-causing chemicals in the vapor produced by butane hash oil, a cannabis extract.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xyJU6L

UMass Amherst neuroscientist receives $2.64 million from NIH for preschooler sleep study

(University of Massachusetts at Amherst) Neuroscientist Rebecca Spencer at the University of Massachusetts Amherst recently received a five-year, $2.64 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to explore, in a series of laboratory and preschool-based studies, whether mid-day napping benefits learning in young children and helps them cope with emotions. Improving early education can enhance child development and school readiness, factors that are known to have lifelong effects on physical and mental health, she notes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wSIbMz

New study funded points to unexpected benefits of rabies vaccination in dogs

(Morris Animal Foundation) The rabies vaccine is extremely effective at preventing this fatal disease in dogs, but new research, funded by Morris Animal Foundation, shows the vaccine may have a positive impact on overall canine health as well, and is associated with a decrease in death from all causes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wUvU5i

Research!America to honor Chair Emeritus The Honorable John Edward Porter

(Research!America) Research!America's 22nd annual Advocacy Awards will pay special tribute to The Honorable John Edward Porter, Research!America Chair Emeritus, for his decades-long commitment to advancing medical and health research. Porter served as a US Congressman from the 10th district in Illinois from 1980 to 2001 during which time he chaired the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Education and Related Agencies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yqtbli

Gender, racial, and ethnic disparities persist in academic emergency medicine

(Society for Academic Emergency Medicine) Gender, racial, and ethnic disparities, with regard to academic rank and compensation, continue to exist among academic emergency medicine physicians in spite of a move by leading organizations of emergency medicine to prioritize increasing diversity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yEh710

Amid debate on reproducibility and p-values, experts gather to improve scientific evidence, rigor

(American Statistical Association) Following the widespread impact of its historic statement on the overuse and misinterpretation of p-values, the American Statistical Association (ASA) is convening scientists spanning many disciplines to help bolster statistical and scientific evidence and improve the rigor and reproducibility of research at the Symposium on Statistical Inference.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y6mgl9

A fresh set of eyes: Rotating plant inspectors reduces risk of medical device recalls

(Indiana University) More frequent rotation of plant inspectors at medical device manufacturing facilities could benefit consumers and lead to fewer product recalls. That's the finding of a seven-year review of Food and Drug Administration inspections of and subsequent recalls at such facilities.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yFTu8m

Fisheries sustainability linked to gender roles among traders

(Wildlife Conservation Society) A new WCS study, published in the journal Ecosystem Health and Sustainability, of fish traders in coastal Kenya shows that women largely occupied fisheries with the lowest profits and are not saving money while working in these fisheries.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wRijAK

Need for enhanced nursing and post-acute transitional care models for rising obesity levels

(University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing) Elderly, chronically ill people experience frequent changes in health status that require transitions among health care providers and settings. Significant attention has been focused on coordinated transitional care models that assure continuity of care, prevention of hospital readmission, avoidance of complications, and close clinical treatment and management. But specific transitional needs of obese people who need to be transferred to nursing homes for post-acute care are often overlooked.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xDeoWR

Study will examine role of 'resilience' among African-Americans living with HIV

(Brown University) With a new $3 million grant, a multi-institutional team led by Brown University public health researchers will measure and test how 'resilience,' or the ability to flourish in spite of adversity, may lead to better HIV-related outcomes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yFiNHt

$2.5 million NSF grant to SMU will give teachers a math assessment tool to help students

(Southern Methodist University) A $2.5 million grant from the National Science Foundation to researchers at Southern Methodist University, Dallas, targets the ongoing struggle of US elementary and high school students with math, a top predictor of future socioeconomic success. The four-year NSF grant to the Simmons School will lead to an assessment system comprised of two universal screening tools to measure mathematical reasoning skills for grades K-2, a critical phase of a child's mathematical development.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xIOO3l

Applying research advances to improve cardiovascular health in women

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) Cardiovascular disease remains the main cause of death among women, but evidence-based advances are enhancing clinical care in seven key areas, improving the lives of women living with and at risk for heart disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wTXhMV

Poll: Majority of Americans support legalization of sports betting

(University of Massachusetts Lowell) A majority of Americans polled say they support the legalization of gambling on professional sports and although illegal in most states, one in five fans has placed a bet on pro sports.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fNPaMg

ACA Medicaid expansion cut disparities in cancer care for minorities, poor

(Duke University Medical Center) States that fully expanded their Medicaid programs under the Affordable Care Act cut their rates of uninsured cancer patients by more than half between 2011 and 2014. Black patients and those living in the highest poverty areas saw the greatest benefit from Medicaid expansion, according to a Duke Cancer Institute analysis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wSeSK2

Uninsured cancer patients saw increased coverage for care following Medicaid expansion

(American Society for Radiation Oncology) A new study finds that Medicaid expansion enacted as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act improved coverage for care for cancer patients receiving radiation therapy and potentially decreased health care disparities.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yEz6V2

Doctors gain a greater understanding of skin cancer using tattoos

(University of Huddersfield) Cancer is on the rise and the need to be empathetic when giving a patient their diagnosis and throughout treatment is imperative. Now, a collaborative study, with a Huddersfield professor, has enabled future doctors to experience some of the challenges patients living with skin cancer can face to develop a greater empathy for their patients.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xtWlDC

No evidence of hidden hearing loss from common recreational noise

(Frontiers) The first study to look for a causal relationship between recreational noise exposure and auditory function in humans finds that while hearing is temporarily affected in young adults after attending a loud recreational event, there is no evidence of auditory nerve injury or permanent hearing difficulties.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fNP2wg

Teachers report weaker relationships with students of color, children of immigrants

(New York University) The relationship between teachers and students is a critical factor for academic success. However, a new study by NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development finds that teachers report weaker relationships with children of immigrants and adolescents of color.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yE2j2q

School, health and behavior suffer when children have TV, video games in bedroom

(Iowa State University) A new Iowa State University study is one of the first to demonstrate the consequences of allowing children to have a TV or video game system in their bedroom. Researchers found children spent less time reading, sleeping or participating in other activities when they could go in their room and watch TV or play video games. As a result, they did not do as well in school and were at greater risk for obesity and video game addiction.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yEn1Ps

Household chores: Women still do more

(Springer) Canadian women of all ages still tend to do more household chores than their male partners, no matter how much they work or earn in a job outside the home. Findings from a study in Springer's journal Sex Roles demonstrate the persistent gendered nature of how housework is divided, says lead author Rebecca Horne of the University of Alberta in Canada.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wRWFMP

Older drivers adapt their thinking to improve road hazard detection

(North Carolina State University) A recent study finds older drivers adapt their responses in heavy traffic to better identify road hazards.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wRWFwj

SHSU receives grants to study police investigations of child abuse cases

(Sam Houston State University) To help strengthen the safety net for abused children in Texas, a researcher at Sam Houston State University will investigate the number of child abuse cases reported directly to police and not through the child abuse hotline that are referred to children's advocacy centers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xuuWBj

Understanding football violence could help the fight against terror

(University of Oxford) Football has long been tarnished by outbreaks of fan violence. Although media headlines often link the behavior to 'hooliganism,' the activity could stem from potentially more positive motivations, such as passionate commitment to the group and the desire to belong. Understanding the root cause of the behavior may therefore help in tackling the violence and channeling it into something more positive, Oxford University scientists suggest.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2k2obRU

Interventions for reducing hepatitis C infection in people who inject drugs

(University of Bristol) The first global review to quantify the impact of needle syringe programmes (NSP) and opioid substitution treatment (OST) in reducing the risk of becoming infected with the hepatitis C virus is published in Cochrane Library Drug and Alcohol Review Group and the journal Addiction. The study, has implications for millions of people who are 'at risk' from infection.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y5ZoSX

A democratic façade

(University of Konstanz) Dr Anja Osei was awarded the renowned ERC Starting Grant by the European Research Council (ERC). She will evaluate parliamentary debates and conduct surveys among the Members of Parliament in 'electoral autocracies' in Africa. Her project 'Do Legislatures Enhance Democracy in Africa' will be funded with around 1.5 million euros from the ERC Starting Grant.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fNPsTm

The Children's Tumor Foundation and PLOS ONE are pleased to announce partnership

(PLOS) The Children's Tumor Foundation (CTF) and PLOS ONE are collaborating on a new funding program in the area of neurofibromatosis (NF) research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y6AyCD

A majority of medical professionals improperly share log-in credentials to EMRs

(American Associates, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev) Nearly three-quarters (73 percent) of the 299 participants claimed to have used another medical staff member's password to access an EMR at work. More than 57 percent of participants (171 out of 299) estimated they have used someone else's password an average of 4.75 times.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y4JrfK

Drought -- a cause of riots

(Université de Genève) UNIGE, in partnership with the universities of Heidelberg and Lucerne, has verified the possibility of a relationship between periods of drought and rioting. The researchers observed a systematic link between the sudden depletion of water resources and the outbreak of unrest. They also succeeded in quantifying the impact of geographic and social factors on the same link. The findings underline the importance of the role of political institutions in the event of a drought.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wU88GM

Pigeons better at multitasking than humans

(Ruhr-University Bochum) Pigeons are capable of switching between two tasks as quickly as humans -- and even more quickly in certain situations. These are the findings of biopsychologists who had performed the same behavioral experiments to test birds and humans. The authors hypothesize that the cause of the slight multitasking advantage in birds is their higher neuronal density.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wTPgYj

UNIST researchers develop wearable solar thermoelectric generator

(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)) South Korea's Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology has introduced a new advanced energy harvesting system, capable of generating electricity by simply being attached to clothes, windows, and outer walls of a building.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wTGeLd

Escaping wildfires

(University of Utah) The U-led study is the first attempt to map escape routes for wildland fire fighters from an aerial perspective. The researchers used LiDAR technology to analyze the terrain slope, ground surface roughness and vegetation density of a fire-prone region in central Utah, and assessed how each landscape condition impeded a person's ability to travel.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xCsA2n

Finland's wetlands are an internationally significant archaeological repository

(University of Helsinki) Finnish wetlands conceal a rich and diverse body of archaeological materials that provide evidence of the population dynamics, livelihood, and living environment of past generations. Many sites, however, still remain undiscovered. Searching for these as yet hidden archaeological treasures is of the utmost urgency because numerous significant sites are threatened by both climate change and modern land use.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2k0eqDJ

SBP scientist receives $10.8 million grant to advance potential drug for substance abuse

(Sanford-Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute) A new class of drug may help treat cocaine and nicotine addiction.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wQHGCK

80 percent of activity tracker users stick with the devices for at least 6 months

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) Use of activity trackers, such as wearable devices and smartphone apps, is on the rise, and a new study shows that 80 percent of users stuck with the device for at least six months. In the first national study of a large, diverse population, researchers found that 1.2 percent of the study population engaged with devices, and that most of the individuals who started using an activity tracker were younger and had higher-incomes than people who opted not to use the devices.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2huzIsl

Internists reaffirm 'strongest possible opposition' to Graham-Cassidy proposal

(American College of Physicians) In a letter to Majority Leader Mitch McConnell and Minority Leader Charles Schumer today, the American College of Physicians (ACP) reaffirmed its strongest possible opposition to the Graham-Cassidy-Heller-Johnson (GCHJ) proposal, especially considering changes released last night to the bill that would be even more harmful to patients.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y4R6e4

Poll: More than two-thirds of Republicans want Congress to enact an ACA alternative

(Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health) According to a new POLITICO/Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health poll, more than two-thirds (71 percent) of Republicans want Congress to try again to enact an alternative to the Affordable Care Act (ACA). In contrast, a majority of Democrats (57 percent) believe Congress should move on to other issues.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hur0dD

Study finds being in a good mood for your flu jab boosts its effectiveness

(University of Nottingham) New research by a team of health experts at the University of Nottingham has found evidence that being in a positive mood on the day of your flu jab can increase its protective effect.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wgwISB

Psychological impacts of natural disasters on youth

(University of Miami) Professor of Psychology/Pediatrics, University of Miami, Annette M. La Greca, is fully aware of children's reaction to trauma. Her research focuses on the impact of disasters on youth since Hurricane Andrew in 1992. La Greca has been evaluating how best to define post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children. This line of research will help to quickly identify the children who need support services post-disaster and identify key aspects of the post-disaster environment that facilitate their recovery.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2whqdPG

UNLV study reveals breakthrough in decoding brain function

(University of Nevada, Las Vegas) After four years of lab testing and complex neuro-decoding, a research team led by UNLV psychology professor James Hyman has struck a major breakthrough that could open the floodgates for research into the anterior cingulate cortex, or ACC, and how human brains learn.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xvAeKu

DSI professors mine social media to curb gang violence

(Data Science Institute at Columbia) A team of researchers from the Data Science Institute received a DARPA grant to study how gangs in Chicago use social media. The team will also study how ISIS recruits on social media.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fuCyN2

Canadian scientist takes HIV self-testing global with HIVSmart!™

(McGill University Health Centre) HIV self-testing is getting a global push thanks to a major new partnership between the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Sympact-X and The International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (IAPAC), a key player in the fight against HIV/AIDS. This partnership with IAPAC will allow the implementation of HIVSmart!™ -- a software and cloud based application that facilitates HIV self-testing, linkages and retention in care -- in high HIV burden Fast-Track Cities worldwide.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fv1JPP

The Mars 2020 Rover features new spectral abilities with its new SuperCam

(The Optical Society) Sscientists are building the next generation's ChemCam with impressive upgrades and brand new spectral capabilities for the NASA Mars 2020 rover.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2flX66Z

How vision shapes touch

(Society for Neuroscience) A neuroimaging study published in JNeurosci reveals the neural network responsible for attributing the sense of touch to a location in space develops and operates differently in individuals blind from birth compared to sighted individuals.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xFr541

Early odor exposure enhances response of smell cells

(Society for Neuroscience) Mice exposed to scents of mint or fresh cut grass before and shortly after birth show increased responses in a specific population of odor-processing neurons to a variety of odors, according to new research published in eNeuro. The study demonstrates how early experience shapes the brain's processing of the sense of smell.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xFW1B1

Information processing breakdown in sleep-deprived rats

(Society for Neuroscience) Sleep deprivation may disrupt the brain's ability to integrate information over time, potentially contributing to the decline in cognitive performance observed during extended time awake, suggests a study in rats published in JNeurosci.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xFr1Bj

Violent crime increases during warmer weather, no matter the season, study finds

(Drexel University) A study analyzing crime data in Philadelphia for 10 years found that rates of violent crime and disorderly conduct are higher when the weather is warmer and more pleasant, even rising sharply during warmer-than-typical winter days.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fvMYvX

Goodbye, login. Hello, heart scan.

(University at Buffalo) Forget fingerprint computer identification or retinal scanning. A University at Buffalo-led team has developed a computer security system using the dimensions of your heart as your identifier.The system uses low-level Doppler radar to measure your heart, and then continually monitors your heart to make sure no one else has stepped in to run your computer. The technology will be presented next month at the 23rd MobiCom conference.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2jXvlqk

Neuro Kinetics awarded patents for eye testing and I-PAS™ virtual reality for medical diagnostics

(Neuro Kinetics, Inc.) Among three new US patents awarded to Neuro Kinetics is protection for its I-PAS™ design, a highly portable device for oculomotor testing using clinically sensitive eye tracking. Looking similar to a virtual reality headset, the I-PAS is just as easy to put on. After years of I-PAS use for clinical investigations, FDA clearance is now pending for commercial use as a nystamograph. Concussion-related testing will still be investigational. NKI's patent count now reaches 22.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fliWHE

Creating brain cells to detect Tourette's

(Rutgers University) Scientists at Rutgers University-New Brunswick are the first to use a genetic engineering which led to a Nobel Prize in 2012 for the Japanese and British scientists who discovered it to create brain cells from the blood cells of individuals in a three-generation family with Tourette's syndrome to help determine what causes the disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fL9IVx

Climate insurance is rarely well thought out in agriculture

(Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ) Internationally subsidised agricultural insurance is intended to protect farmers in developing countries from the effects of climate change. However, it can also lead to undesirable ecological and social side effects, as UFZ researchers and their colleagues at the University of Oregon have explained in Global Environmental Change. The article also contains recommendations for improved insurance schemes which in future should also take account of ecological and social aspects in addition to economic issues.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xr6iBr

Diet, in addition to alcohol consumption, may play important role in liver problems

(Oxford University Press USA) A new study published in Alcohol and Alcoholism finds that mice bred to consume high amounts of alcohol, but controlled by diet, did not necessarily develop the most severe liver injuries, suggesting that diet may pay an important role in liver injury development.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xFSa77

New tool demonstrates high cost of lack of sleep in the workplace

(Brigham and Women's Hospital) Analysis of existing data, using a new Fatigue Cost Calculator tool developed through the Sleep Matters Initiative at Brigham Health for the National Safety Council, reveal that a US employer with 1,000 workers can lose about $1.4 million dollars each year.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fMd62w

Patients undergoing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest do not benefit from ACLS during transport

(Society for Academic Emergency Medicine) There is no association between prehospital advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) and survival to hospital discharge in patients suffering from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. ACLS is, however, associated with an improvement in prehospital return of spontaneous circulation, but with longer delays to hospital arrival.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2jWrF8s

Child abuse affects brain wiring

(McGill University) For the first time, researchers have been able to see changes in the neural structures in specific areas of the brains of people who suffered severe abuse as children. The researchers believe that these changes may contribute to the emergence of depressive disorders and suicidal behavior.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y4F6Jq

New delayed-release stimulant improves morning ADHD symptoms and all-day functioning

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A phase 3 study of children ages 6-12 years with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has shown that a delayed-release, long-acting formulation of the stimulant methylphenidate, when taken in the evening, led to significant improvement in ADHD symptoms and functional impairment first thing the next morning, compared to a placebo.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y4F1FC

Minority public managers prefer integrating social equity, traditional public values

(University of Kansas) Minority public managers place more emphasis on both traditional values, like efficiency and effectiveness, and social equity when compared with their white counterparts, according to a new study that includes a University of Kansas researcher and two fellow KU alumni.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2jWryd2

Breast cancer patients largely find radiation therapy experience better than expected

(American Society for Radiation Oncology) A new survey finds breast cancer patients' actual radiation therapy experiences largely exceeded their expectations.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xAhvit

Visual attention drawn to meaning, not what stands out

(University of California - Davis) Our visual attention is drawn to parts of a scene that have meaning, rather than to those that are salient or 'stick out,' according to new research from the Center for Mind and Brain at UC Davis. The findings, published Sept. 25 in the journal Nature Human Behavior, overturn the widely held model of visual attention.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xr6eBH

Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program participation may reduce health care costs

(Massachusetts General Hospital) A study led by a Massachusetts General Hospital investigator suggests that participation in the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program -- formerly known as the Food Stamp Program -- may reduce health care costs for recipients.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fMd22M

Study finds 75 percent of depressed cancer center patients were previously undiagnosed

(American Society for Radiation Oncology) A new study of patients at an urban cancer center points to a potentially serious problem that may limit the impact of clinical cancer care -- undiagnosed depression.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xr6cK5

Study: There is almost no research on what distinguishes potential terrorists

(North Carolina State University) A recent analysis of the existing research on factors associated with an individual's risk for engaging in terrorist activity highlights how little we know about these factors and the need for additional research in this area.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xFEBVi

Maternal diet could affect kids' brain reward circuitry

(Frontiers) Researchers in France found that rats who ate junk food during pregnancy had heavier pups that strongly preferred fat straight after weaning. However, a balanced diet in childhood seemed to reduce the pups' desire for fat. The pups also showed altered brain reward circuitry into adulthood. The findings could have implications for childhood nutrition and obesity in Western countries.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xEFfT2

Open-ended laboratory tests for cyclists could help athletes train better

(University of Kent) Scientists at the University of Kent's School of Sport and Exercise Sciences have discovered that cyclists can perform better when they do not have to pace their efforts.Using 17 experienced male cyclists in a series of tests, they compared open-ended Time-To-Exhaustion (TTE) trials that are often used in laboratories with race-like Time-Trials to measure endurance performance. All of the cyclists were blinded to elapsed time, power output, cadence and heart rate.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xACEcn

Organic consumers mean business

(Aarhus University) Groundbreaking research from Aarhus BSS shows that organic consumers are standing fast and are buying more and more organic products following an increasingly predictable pattern. Coop Denmark sees great potential in the research results.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wRtJQ0

A brain-system that builds confidence in what we see, hear and touch

(Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) A series of experiments at EPFL provide conclusive evidence that the brain uses a single mechanism (supramodality) to estimate confidence in different senses such as audition, touch, or vision. The study is published in the Journal of Neuroscience.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xAkOGm

Thinking 'out-of-the-box' may build a better brain and prevent dementia

(Florida Atlantic University) With disease-modifying treatment trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) currently unsuccessful and only medications to treat symptoms available, what now? A leading neuroscientist has developed the "Dementia Prevention Initiative," which abandons generalized ways to research and treat AD. His secret weapon: a novel "N-of-1 design" that tailors medicine down to a single patient. Instead of conducting a conventional trial of 100 people all getting the same treatment, he has switched it around and is conducting 100 single personalized trials.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2y3H1y9

New mathematical model will explain the correlation between migration and living standards

(RUDN University) The scientist from the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Centre National de la Recherche Scientific and the University of Leicester has shown how the wealth of a country relates to its migration rates. A new mathematical model has laid the basis for future research in this field. The study was published in the Nonlinear Analysis journal.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wRpWCu

For a better 'I,' there needs to be a supportive 'we'

(University of Michigan) If you're one of those lucky individuals with high motivation and who actively pursues personal growth goals, thank your family and friends who support you.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xtLR4n

Studies support reduced risk potential of the Vype ePen e-cigarette

(R&D at British American Tobacco) Tests on Vype ePen, a commercially available e-cigarette, reveal the relatively simple nature of Vype ePen vapor compared to cigarette smoke, that it has little or no impact on human cells in certain lab-based tests and that it effectively delivers nicotine to the userThe results of one test are important, but the combined results of all these tests build a picture of a product with the potential to be substantially reduced-risk compared to cigarettes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hqOssb

Sexual harassment by colleagues may be associated with more severe depression

(BioMed Central) Employees who experience sexual harassment by supervisors, colleagues or subordinates in the workplace may develop more severe symptoms of depression than employees who experience harassment by clients or customers, according to a study involving 7,603 employees from across 1,041 organizations in Denmark. The research is published in the open-access journal BMC Public Health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hsEmDr

How aerial thermal imagery is revolutionizing archaeology

(Dartmouth College) A Dartmouth-led study has demonstrated how the latest aerial thermal imagery is transforming archaeology due to advancements in technology. Today's thermal cameras, commercial drones and photogrammetric software has introduced a new realm of possibilities for collecting site data-- field survey data across a much larger area can now be obtained in much less time. The findings in Advances in Archaeological Practice serve as a manual on how to use aerial thermography.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2xxgWG3

How aerial thermal imagery is revolutionizing archaeology

(Dartmouth College) A Dartmouth-led study has demonstrated how the latest aerial thermal imagery is transforming archaeology due to advancements in technology. Today's thermal cameras, commercial drones and photogrammetric software has introduced a new realm of possibilities for collecting site data-- field survey data across a much larger area can now be obtained in much less time. The findings in Advances in Archaeological Practice serve as a manual on how to use aerial thermography.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xxgWG3

Chronic migraine cases are amplified by jawbone disorder, according to research

(Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) A study conducted by researchers in Brazil shows patients with chronic migraine are three times as likely to suffer from severe temporomandibular disorder. Though not a primary cause, the disorder is thought to accentuate and perpetuate sensitivity to pain; therefore, researchers recommend in chronic migraine clinical practice the assessement of the disorder's symptoms.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ywnGCM

Researchers describe mechanism that underlies age-associated bone loss

(University of Alabama at Birmingham) A major health problem in older people is age-associated osteoporosis -- the thinning of bone and the loss of bone density that increases the risk of fractures. Researchers have now detailed an underlying mechanism leading to that osteoporosis. When this mechanism malfunctions, progenitor cells stop creating bone-producing cells, and instead create fat cells. Knowledge of this mechanism can provide targets in the search for novel bone-loss.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xYoi78

UTA study finds public-private partnerships key to making telemedicine sustainable

(University of Texas at Arlington) RadhaKanta Mahapatra, a professor in the Department of Information Systems and Operations Management in the UTA College of Business, conducted the study, A Collaborative Approach to Creating ICT-based Sustainable Development, which was published as part of the Americas Conference on Information Systems' proceedings earlier this year. ICT is Information and Communication Technology. Former Odisha Chief Secretary Sahadeva Sahoo co-authored the study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xoCRNS

Twitter bots for good: USC ISI study reveals how information spreads on social media

(University of Southern California) Twitter bots have earned a bad reputation -- but not all bots are bad, suggests a new study co-authored by Emilio Ferrara, a USC Information Sciences Institute computer scientist and a research assistant professor at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering's Department of Computer Science with a team from the Technical University of Denmark.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fGjF6W

Emergency contraception not as accessible as it should be, says CU Anschutz study

(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) Efforts to remove barriers to accessing emergency contraception (EC) scored victories in 2013, when the US Food and Drug Administration removed age restrictions on over-the-counter sales of the levonogestrel drug Plan B.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wM5bYN

Families of survivors of ECMO for heart conditions report favorable quality of life

(Children's Hospital of Philadelphia) One of the few large studies to report long-term outcomes in cardiac patients treated in childhood with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has found overall favorable outcomes among survivors, as reported by families. ECMO provides short-term breathing and heart support for critically ill children while doctors treat the underlying illness.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xkWTv7

First large scale study of cocaine users leads to breakthrough in drug testing

(University of Surrey) Scientists from the University of Surrey have developed a rapid and highly sensitive fingerprint test that can take just seconds to confirm whether someone has used cocaine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fE7Ttx

Our weight tells how we assess food

(Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati) A new study demonstrated that people of normal weight tend to associate natural foods such as apples with their sensory characteristics. On the other hand, processed foods such as pizzas are generally associated with their function or the context in which they are eaten. But that's not all. The research also highlighted the ways in which underweight people pay greater attention to natural foods and overweight people to processed foods.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xt367N

700 years old saint myth has been proven (almost) true

(University of Southern Denmark) Scientists confirm that the age and content of an old sack is in accordance with a medieval myth about Saint Francis of Assisi.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xXzQHM

HSE scholars measure prestige of fashion models

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Beginning models should choose independent magazines in order to be successful in the fashion industry, but they should also keep in mind that the fashion business is becoming increasingly closed off every year. This is one of the conclusions drawn by Margarita Kuleva, Research Fellow at the Centre for Youth Studies, HSE St. Petersburg, and her student, Daria Maglevanaya.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2jQlNxh

Ultrafast 5G mobile broadband thanks to millimeter-wave band technology

(IMDEA Networks Institute) The great ambition of the networked society is to connect everything, everywhere, all the time. But the ideal of seamless communications poses fundamental challenges to legacy networks that the new 5G communication networks currently under development need to solve. One of such challenges is supporting the significant growth of traffic demands. Next generation services such as mobile cloud service, gaming, social-networking applications and 3-D immersive applications require massive capacity and higher data rates than current 4G networks are unable to sustain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fFh6lk

700 years old saint myth has been proven (almost) true

(University of Southern Denmark) Scientists confirm that the age and content of an old sack is in accordance with a medieval myth about Saint Francis of Assisi.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2xXzQHM

Ancient textiles reveal differences in Mediterranean fabrics in the 1st millennium BC

(University of Cambridge) Analysis of Iron Age textiles indicates that during c. 1000-400 BC Italy shared the textile culture of Central Europe, while Greece was largely influenced by the traditions of ancient Near East.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2yi4tDR

Ancient textiles reveal differences in Mediterranean fabrics in the 1st millennium BC

(University of Cambridge) Analysis of Iron Age textiles indicates that during c. 1000-400 BC Italy shared the textile culture of Central Europe, while Greece was largely influenced by the traditions of ancient Near East.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yi4tDR

Tackling air pollution in Sub-Saharan Africa

(University of Portsmouth) The University of Portsmouth is helping to tackle air pollution and its harmful effects in Sub-Saharan Africa.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yi5Sub

Smartphone apps reduce depression

(NICM, Western Sydney University) New Australian-led research has confirmed that smartphone apps are an effective treatment option for depression, paving the way for safe and accessible interventions for the millions of people around the world diagnosed with this condition.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2foRaxv

Solidarity between good and justice keeps a society together

(Soka University) Soka University researcher Isamu Okada and his collaborators Tatsuya Sasaki (University of Vienna) and Yutaka Nakai (Shibaura Institute of Technology) have found that the solidarity of philanthropism and reciprocity is necessary to maintain cooperative societies. Their paper was published in Scientific Reports on Aug. 29, 2017.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yigadF

On the contrary: Smarter than conventional stock market wisdom?

(World Scientific) This book examines the nature of the stock market and its implications for corporate management, and provides an incisive approach to core issues in finance. The authors' critical and scholarly look at the subject is presented in this book in a light-hearted style does not undermine the serious impact that the thoughtful insights has raised. Instead, it that allows experts and students alike to easily comprehend and appreciate the underlying concepts.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xt0HKk

Politically driven: How today's advances in science & technology come about

(World Scientific) The 1980s witnessed technologies focus on reducing costs and improving performance. However, at the turn of 21st century, there appeared to have been a paradigm shift; moving scientific and technological innovation into the age of 'Politico-Engineering' (i.e. politically initiated engineering), with an emphasis on sustainable and crisis-managing technologies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xnNAbL

Toilets for $10 or less are accelerating progress towards a major goal: Sanitation for all

(Grand Challenges Canada) The Water Innovation Engine, a pioneering partnership led by the Australian Government's Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) to stimulate bold new ideas and approaches in the water sector, today launched the global "Urban Sanitation Challenge" with the announcement of a multi-million dollar investment in five projects.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hnC08H

Strong alcohol policies help reduce alcohol-involved homicides

(Boston Medical Center) Stronger alcohol policies, including taxes and sales restrictions, have been shown to reduce the likelihood of alcohol involvement among homicide victims, according to a new study from Boston Medical Center (BMC) and Boston University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wKjBZq

Smoking negatively impacts long-term survival after breast cancer

(Oxford University Press USA) A new study published in JNCI Cancer Spectrum finds that smoking negatively impacts long-term survival after breast cancer. Quitting smoking after diagnosis may reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2yuZBw2

New Wayne State research findings offers hope to people with fibromyalgia

(Wayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research) A novel psychological therapy that encourages addressing emotional experiences related to trauma, conflict and relationship problems has been found helpful for people with the chronic pain condition fibromyalgia. A research team led by Mark A. Lumley, Ph.D., distinguished professor of psychology at Wayne State University, has released the results of its research in the prestigious journal, PAIN.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ysGJxJ

New technique accurately digitizes transparent objects

(The Optical Society) A new imaging technique makes it possible to precisely digitize clear objects and their surroundings, an achievement that has eluded current state-of-the-art 3-D rendering methods.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wDtGvX

Babies can learn that hard work pays off

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) A study from MIT reveals babies as young as 15 months can learn the value of hard work. Researchers found babies who watched an adult struggle to reach two different goals before succeeding tried harder at their own difficult task than babies who saw an adult succeed effortlessly.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ysNdMV

We must accelerate transitions for sustainability and climate change, experts say

(University of Sussex) We must move faster towards a low-carbon world if we are to limit global warming to 2 degrees C this century, experts have warned.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xih2lA

Why poison frogs don't poison themselves

(University of Texas at Austin) Poison frogs harbor some of the most potent neurotoxins we know, yet scientists have long wondered -- how do these frogs keep from poisoning themselves? With a new paper published in the journal Science, scientists are a step closer to resolving that head-scratcher. And the answer has potential consequences for the fight against pain and addiction.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xiiULl

If at first adults don't succeed, babies are more likely to try, try again

(American Association for the Advancement of Science) Babies who observe adults push through failure and repeatedly attempt to achieve a goal are more likely to persist when faced with their own difficult tests, scientists report.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xj3eHu

Neandertal skeleton reveals the growth pattern of our extinct cousins

(American Association for the Advancement of Science) A new analysis of a well-preserved Neandertal child's skeleton reveals that Neandertals may have had extended period of brain growth compared to modern humans.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xigWKK

CSIC reconstructs how Neanderthals grew, based on an El Sidrón child

(Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) How did Neanderthals grow? Does modern man develop in the same way as Homo neanderthalensis did? How does the size of the brain affect the development of the body? A study led by the Spanish National Research Council researcher, Antonio Rosas, has studied the fossil remains of a Neanderthal child's skeleton in order to establish whether there are differences between the growth of Neanderthals and that of sapiens.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2wJRbPj

IUPUI study links juveniles' views of police with likelihood of aggressive behavior

(Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis School of Science) A new Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis study of juvenile offenders finds that when youth perceive police injustice, it affects not only how they view the justice system, but also their rates of aggression.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ygxRuj

NAM special publication on how health clinicians can counter opioid epidemic

(National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine) Halting the opioid epidemic requires aggressive action across multiple dimensions, including informed, active, and determined front-line leadership from health clinicians working in every setting throughout the nation, says a new National Academy of Medicine (NAM) special publication developed at the request of the National Governors Association to assist the nation's governors as they work with clinicians to counter the opioid crisis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wJFXdq

The surprising, ancient behavior of jellyfish

(California Institute of Technology) The discovery that primitive jellyfish sleep suggests that sleep is an ancient, evolutionarily conserved behavior.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ysAdH7

Ancient DNA data fills in thousands of years of human prehistory in Africa

(Cell Press) By sequencing the ancient genomes of 15 individuals from different parts of Africa, researchers reporting in the journal Cell on Sept. 21 have reconstructed the prehistory of humans on the continent, going back thousands of years. The findings shed light on which human populations lived in eastern and southern Africa between 8,000 and 1,000 years ago, the researchers say.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ysAbPv

WWF and UCF study wildlife rangers, what motivates them?

(University of Central Florida) Wildlife rangers are on the front lines protecting our most iconic species -- tigers, elephants, gorillas and many others. But their challenges involve more than confrontations with wild animals and poachers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fCrRVB

Palau ocean sustainability linked to tourist consumption of reef fish

(Nippon Foundation-Nereus Program) Reducing tourist consumption of reef fish is critical for Palau's ocean sustainability, finds a new Nippon Foundation-UBC Nereus Program study published today in Marine Policy. While climate change is expected to lead to sharp declines in Palau's reefs, the best tourism management strategy includes a more than 70 per cent reduction in reef fish consumption by visitors. These findings are highly relevant for sustainable development in small island developing states under climate change.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fDFkwt

Study links brain inflammation to suicidal thinking in depression

(Elsevier) Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have increased brain levels of a marker of microglial activation, a sign of inflammation, according to a new study in Biological Psychiatry by researchers at the University of Manchester. Dr. Talbot and colleagues found that the increase in the inflammatory marker was present specifically in patients with MDD who were experiencing suicidal thoughts, pinning the role of inflammation to suicidality rather than a diagnosis of MDD itself.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xTJmf4

18 additional chairs for TU Dresden

(Technische Universität Dresden) TUD has been granted funding for all 18 proposed tenure track chairs as part of the Federal and State government programme for the promotion of young researchers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2w9e1Ah

Cannabis, 'Spice' -- better think twice

(University of Tsukuba) Marijuana is the most commonly abused drug in the world, and the advent of synthetic cannabinoids creates additional challenges to the society because of their higher potency and ability to escape drug detection screenings. Scientists from Japanese sleep institute have a warning for the society about a danger coming from cannabinoid abuse.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hkjRZB

Rapid hepatitis C testing may help better screen young adults

(Boston Medical Center) Routine and rapid hepatitis C virus testing among young adults who use injection drugs improves life expectancy and may provide a good use of limited resources, according to new research out of Boston Medical Center, in partnership with the Boston Public Health Commission. The findings are published online ahead of print in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hlafS4

Springer and Graz University Press enter new co-publishing agreement

(Springer) Springer and Graz University Press have signed a new co-publishing agreement to publish co-branded books in English. Through this cooperation, the University of Graz Press will be able to provide its authors with international distribution via SpringerLink, where all content is made available electronically in a digital format. Springer will benefit from the addition of further influential titles to its comprehensive book program.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xU9tSW

Obese dogs helped by 'effective' weight loss trials

(University of Liverpool) On average overweight dogs lose an average of 11 percent of their body weight when enrolled on a weight loss trial according to researchers who have conducted the largest international multi-center weight study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wJ3kUB

How the views of liberals evolved from the 19th century to the present day

(RUDN University) Scientists from the RUDN University have analyzed historical sources and revealed the foreign policy views of Russian liberals from the 1850s to the early 1890s. The researchers came to the conclusion that the views of modern liberals have nothing to do with the views of their predecessors. The study is published in The International History Review.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wJQ9CU

Restoring wetlands and our environment

(American Society of Agronomy) Wetlands, including the Everglades, are important to the health of the environment. Restoring their ability to process water is the topic of several talks at a scientific meeting.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xU9q9I

Convergent evolution of mimetic butterflies confounds classification

(City College of New York) David Lohman, associate professor of biology at The City College of New York's Division of Science, is co-author of a landmark paper on butterflies 'An illustrated checklist of the genus Elymnias Hübner, 1818 (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae).' Lohman and his colleagues from Taiwan and Indonesia revise the taxonomy of Asian palmflies in the genus Elymnias in light of a forthcoming study on the butterflies' evolutionary history.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2hjAxAq

Study: US women report diverse preferences related to sexual pleasure

(Indiana University) A recently published paper in the Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy finds that US women report a diversity of preferences related to sexual pleasure and orgasm.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xo8vwS

3-D analysis of dog fossils sheds light on domestication debate

(Cornell University) In an effort to settle the debate about the origin of dog domestication, a technique that uses 3-D scans of fossils is helping researchers determine the difference between dogs and wolves.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xgaqnX

Concussions in adolescence linked with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis

(Wiley) A new study published in the Annals of Neurology found a link between head trauma in adolescence, particularly if repeated, with a raised risk of later developing multiple sclerosis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fBlWA9

Latest health reform proposal jeopardizes care for us all as we age

(American Geriatrics Society) Graham-Cassidy bill - newest proposal in a line of legislation to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act will harm access to key health services for older Americans, families, caregivers, and healthcare professionals.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xnbKEC

Army research center maps LA Coliseum in 3-D for Homeland Security

(U.S. Army Research Laboratory) The US Army Research Laboratory's university partner - the University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies, in collaboration with the Aerospace Corporation and Department of Homeland Security, created a three-dimensional reconstruction of the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum to help ensure the safety of its visitors.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2jKl2pv

Shedding light on brain activity

(University of California - Santa Barbara) UCSB is named a National Science Foundation Neurotechnology Hub for optical brain imaging

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xSPLHa

New $5.4 million grant to JAX funds studies of 'cognitive resilience' to Alzheimer's disease

(Jackson Laboratory) A new five-year grant totaling $5,382,423 to Jackson Laboratory (JAX) Assistant Professor Catherine Kaczorowski will fund research to explore why some people with a family history of Alzheimer's disease, and even brain changes associated with the disease, nevertheless manage to maintain their cognitive capabilities

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xnENbi

Motivation may be less limited than we think

(University of Toronto) Although we tire at specific tasks, study finds motivation to work may be stable throughout the day

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xnNGBO

Are weight loss drugs the next tool to combat cocaine addiction?

(Boston Medical Center) Boston Medical Center's (BMC) psychiatry team is studying a drug called lorcaserin, which targets the brain's serotonin receptors and could help reduce cocaine cravings as well as dampen the rewards associated with taking cocaine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2jIqgC0

Life differences make women less risk tolerant when investing

(University of Missouri-Columbia) Prior research has long shown that women are less risk tolerant in their financial decisions than men. Now, a researcher from the University of Missouri has found that men and women do not think about investment risks differently. Instead, income uncertainty affects men and women differently, which leads to differences in risk tolerance.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2jIzQF0

Parents: How you manage conflict has an impact on your kids

(University of Arizona) It's not always bad for children to be exposed to their parents' disagreements. It's how those disagreements are handled that really matters, according to a University of Arizona study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wHdBk5

NYU College of Dentistry approved for $13 million research funding award by PCORI

(New York University) A research team at New York University College of Dentistry has been approved for a $13.3 million funding award by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) to study cavity prevention, quality of life, and school performance.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xRlMiO

Oxytocin turns up the volume of your social environment

(University of California - Davis) A new study from UC Davis shows that the so-called 'love hormone' oxytocin can intensify negative as well as positive experiences.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wxAVFM

Binge drinking in college may lower chances of landing a job after college

(American Friends of Tel Aviv University) Heavy drinking six times a month reduces the probability that a new college graduate will land a job by 10 percent, according to a Tel Aviv University researcher.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xwgKan

Voters reward -- or punish -- school board incumbents based on white students' achievement

(Baylor University) Voters reward or punish incumbent school board members based on the achievement of white students in their district, while outcomes for African-American and Hispanic students get relatively little attention at the ballot box, according to a study co-authored by a Baylor University scholar.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xnMr5v

How Teotihuacan's urban design was lost and found

(De Gruyter Open) The paper outlines how the urban design of the city of Teotihuacan differed from past and subsequent cities, only to be rediscovered and partially modelled on many centuries later by the Aztecs.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2xngXwj

Kessler study shows behavioral approach reduces cognitive fatigue in multiple sclerosis

(Kessler Foundation) MS researchers describe a new nonpharmacological approach to reducing cognitive fatigue in MS. Using functional neuroimaging, they showed the prospect of monetary reward stimulates the fronto-striatal network and reduces cognitive fatigue in MS and controls. This is the first study to demonstrate this effect in an MS population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xnkrit

How Teotihuacan's urban design was lost and found

(De Gruyter Open) The paper outlines how the urban design of the city of Teotihuacan differed from past and subsequent cities, only to be rediscovered and partially modelled on many centuries later by the Aztecs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xngXwj

EU life science research institutes want a more balanced Framework Programme 9

(Center for Genomic Regulation) EU-LIFE, the alliance of 13 leading life science research institutes in Europe announced their key priorities for the next Framework Programme for Research and Innovation that will run from 2021 to 2027.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hjfj5o

Real or fake? Creating fingers to protect identities

(Michigan State University) MSU biometric expert Anil Jain and doctoral student Joshua Engelsma have for the first time designed and created a fake finger containing multiple key properties of human skin. Commonly called a spoof, this fake finger has been used to test two of the predominant types of fingerprint readers to help determine their resilience to spoof attacks.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wGu4VI

UNIST to track the spread of deadly Avian influenza

(Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)) South Korea's Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology has embarked on a research project to develop a new type of tracking device, capable of monitoring the migration routes of wild birds.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hidc5S

Using AI, citizen science and disaster response to help victims of Hurricane Irma

(University of Oxford) A highly unusual collaboration between information engineers at Oxford, the Zooniverse citizen science platform and international disaster response organization Rescue Global is enabling a rapid and effective response to Hurricane Irma.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hhpOtQ

Research provides clues to treat depression, autism and other neuropsychiatric disorders

(Florida Atlantic University) Alterations in a naturally occurring chemical in the brain called serotonin have been linked to a number of neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety and autism. A team of researchers is revealing critical insights into the mechanisms that can drive diminished serotonin signaling during development and in adulthood to provide new ways of treating several widespread neuropsychiatric disorders associated with perturbed serotonin signaling.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fja6Or

Guess who? Facial expressions can cause confusion

(University of Bristol) Photos of the same person can look substantially different. For example, your passport photo may look quite different from your driving license, or your face in holiday photos. Research has shown when photos of an individual's face are judged too dissimilar to go together, people will tend to think they show several different identities. Scientists from the University of Bristol tested this concept further by exploring what happens when the photos show faces with different expressions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2wyB8IZ

Brown to study music program for nursing home residents with dementia

(Brown University) Researchers at Brown's Center for Long-Term Care Quality and Innovation landed a $3.7 million grant to conduct a pragmatic cluster randomized trial of the MUSIC & MEMORY program at as many as 60 nursing homes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2hhpLOG

Chemists speak out on sexual harassment in academia

(American Chemical Society) Sexual misconduct on college campuses is an age-old problem that continues to plague students and faculty, and is now the subject of renewed debate. It can traumatize those who are harassed, and change the course of people's careers. The cover article in Chemical & Engineering News, the weekly news magazine of the American Chemical Society, shares how sexual harassment has affected chemistry students and faculty, and what universities and scientific societies are doing about it.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2w74FoG

Smokers who quit have metabolite levels that resemble those of nonsmokers

(American Chemical Society) Even after years of smoking, the body has a remarkable ability to repair itself. Now in a study appearing in ACS' Journal of Proteome Research, scientists report that certain metabolic changes occur soon after quitting, and these changes could help explain how some ill-effects of smoking might be reversible.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2faig7Z

Midlife depression may stem from tension with mothers and siblings, Iowa State study finds

(Iowa State University) Relationships with our mothers and siblings continue to have an effect on our well-being, particularly at midlife. A new study led by Iowa State University researcher Megan Gilligan found that tension with our mothers and siblings, similar to our spouses, is associated with symptoms of depression.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2w74EB8

New Army models predict number of cyberattacks that pierce company networks

(U.S. Army Research Laboratory) A new study from the US Army Research Laboratory presents evidence that the number of cyber intrusions can be predicted, particularly when analysts are already observing activities on a company or government organization's computer network.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ydBtNt

Study suggests you can 'pick up' a good or bad mood from your friends

(University of Warwick) New research suggests that both good and bad moods can be 'picked up' from friends, but depression can't.A team led by the University of Warwick has examined whether friends' moods can affect an individual therefore implying that moods may spread across friendship networks.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2xh5751