Treating AFib with ablation reduces mortality and stroke

(University of California - Davis Health System) Using catheter-based ablation instead of medications alone reduces the risks of death and stroke in patients with the common form of heart arrhythmia known as atrial fibrillation, or AFib, new research from UC Davis physicians shows.

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First-of-its-kind biofabrication research lab opens at University of Illinois

(University of Illinois College of Engineering) The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign will open the first state-of-the-art interdisciplinary biofabrication hub in the world. This new facility will enable non-specialists and specialists alike from a wide range of disciplines to rapidly transform new ideas into prototypes and characterize these prototypes with state-of-the-art tools, empowering the Illinois community to leverage out-of-the-box thinking and challenge the status quo.

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MDI Biological Laboratory President Kevin Strange awarded $12 million NIH grant

(Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory) The MDI Biological Laboratory has announced that President Kevin Strange, Ph.D., has been awarded a five-year, $12 million National Institutes of Health Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) grant. The highly competitive COBRE funding will support the continued growth and development of the Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, which was founded by Strange in 2012.

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Newly developed therapeutic shown to combat drug addiction

(University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston) A new therapeutic may help reverse chemical imbalances made to the brain by habitual drug use and could one day help recovering drug addicts avoid future drug use.

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Screening for postpartum depression in the emergency department

(Children's National Health System) Lenore Jarvis, M.D., M.Ed.: Postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbirth, occurring in up to 20 percent of mothers and having significant implications for the mother, her baby and the entire family.

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Not all diversity is equally beneficial

(National Research University Higher School of Economics) Experts from the Higher School of Economics have determined that cultural diversity is beneficial for team performance in eSports, while language and experience diversity negatively affect performance. These results might be of interest to companies of similar industries aiming to maximize profits. The study, entitled 'Is Diversity Good or Bad? Evidence from eSports Teams Analysis,' was published in the journal Applied Economics.

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Administering hormones affects DNA

(ETH Zurich) In pigs, endocrine disruptors can alter gene expression in a way that also affects the next generation. This has been shown by a team of researchers from ETH Zurich and the Technical University of Munich. The study findings could potentially apply to humans, too.

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Downloading Chinese wisdom

(University of Konstanz) Konstanz online publication, written by Chinese early career researchers on the topic of intercultural understanding between Chinese doctoral students and German supervisors, reaches more than 100,000 readers.

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Drinking changes young adults' metabolite profile

(University of Eastern Finland) Adolescent drinking is associated with changes in the metabolite profile, a new study from the University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital shows. The researchers observed metabolite profile changes even in young people who consumed alcohol at a level that is socially acceptable.

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The novel function of self-renewal factor of spermatogonial stem cells is identified

(Shinshu University) A research team found a novel function of FGF2 in mammalian testis. Although it has demonstrated that both GDNF and FGF2 are the self-renewal factor for spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in vitro, present study revealed that FGF2 acts to facilitate the differentiation of SSCs in vivo. The understanding of molecular mechanism regulating SSCs has potential for future applications for male infertility treatment.

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NUS and SMI set up S$18 million research center to enhance global competitiveness of Singapore's maritime and port industries

(National University of Singapore) With the support of the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore, the National University of Singapore and the Singapore Maritime Institute today established a S$18 million research center to enable Singapore's maritime and port industries to develop innovative capabilities and enhance their global competitiveness.

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Research shows benefit of giant panda conservation far exceeds cost

(Chinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters) To determine the value of panda conservation, a research team led by Prof. WEI Fuwen from the Institute of Zoology, together with colleagues from other research organizations, cooperated to assess the value of ecosystem services from giant panda reserves for the first time. They found that the value provided by the giant pandas and forested habitat within nature reserves is about 10-27 times the conservation cost of giant pandas.

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Atlantic Health System enrolling patients in pancreatic cancer clinical trials

(Tartaglia Communications) Atlantic Health System is now enrolling patients in four pancreatic cancer clinical trials. Angela Alistar, M.D., a nationally known expert on pancreatic cancer, is serving as national Principal Investigator (PI) on the first trial and as local PI on three other trials. In addition, Dr. Alistar will serve as a national and local PI on three additional clinical studies open to enrollment later this year.

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ClinGen Panel evaluates validity of genes reported to be associated with Brugada Syndrome

(American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics) Clinical laboratories often rely on medical articles and public information on gene disease associations in determining genes to include on genetic testing panels for specific conditions or results to return to patients. For Brugada Syndrome, a serious genetic condition causing a disruption of the heart's normal rhythm and predisposing a patient to sudden arrhythmic death, many clinical laboratories have based their test design and diagnostic reporting on the literature implicating 21 genes with the condition.

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Open relationships just as satisfying as monogamous ones, U of G study reveals

(University of Guelph) Couples in non-monogamous relationships have the same level of relationship satisfaction, psychological well-being and sexual satisfaction as those in monogamous relationships, a new University of Guelph study has found.

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As asylum requests rise, doctors have important role

(University of Virginia Health System) With applications for asylum in the United States increasing sharply, a new paper from a team of asylum medicine and law experts is highlighting physicians' important role in evaluating refugees' claims of torture and persecution.

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#Hookahlife: Social media posts spread misleading information on hookah use

(SAGE) A new study finds that Instagram users using #hookah or #shisha portray hookah use in an overwhelmingly positive manner, despite its serious health risks. Published in Health Education & Behavior, the study authors examined nearly 300 Instagram posts and found that the portrayal and promotion of hookah smoking on social media can normalize its use and pose public health challenges.

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Strategic classroom intervention can make big difference for autism students

(Florida State University) Special training for teachers may mean big results for students with autism spectrum disorder, according to Florida State University and Emory University researchers.

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Team sports have ancient roots

(Springer) Competitive team games in which men test their mettle against others are universal across the world, and may have deep roots in our evolutionary past. Among hunter-gatherers, these games enable men to hone their physical skills and stamina, assess the commitment of their team members, and see how each performs under pressure.

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Organizing a cell's genetic material from the sidelines

(Carnegie Institution for Science) A tremendous amount of genetic material must be packed into the nucleus of every cell--a tiny compartment. One of the biggest challenges in biology is to understand how certain regions of this highly packaged DNA can be called upon so that the genes encoded in them can be "turned on" and used to manufacture RNA and proteins. New work sheds light on this process with implications for age-related diseases and organ decay.

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Low-cost prosthetic foot mimics natural walking

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) MIT engineers have developed a simple, low-cost, passive prosthetic foot that they can tailor to an individual. Given a user's body weight and size, the researchers can tune the shape and stiffness of the prosthetic foot, such that the user's walk is similar to an able-bodied gait. They estimate that the foot, if manufactured on a wide scale, could cost an order of magnitude less than existing products.

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Improving life-saving blood delivery to disaster-hit areas

(University of Portsmouth) A Portsmouth researcher is developing a mathematical model aimed at speeding up the delivery of life-saving blood to victims of earthquakes and other disasters.

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Learning disabilities: Kids and families struggle beyond the academics

(Boston Children's Hospital) Academic struggles can also create significant stress and anxiety for children and families, report researchers led by Boston Children's neuropsychologist Deborah Waber, PhD. Using a 15-question survey in families of children on IEP plans, they document actionable levels of distress.

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No Difference in Outcomes for Children of Same-Sex versus Different-Sex Parents

(Wolters Kluwer Health) For children of lesbian or gay parents, psychological adjustment is about the same as in children of heterosexual parents, reports a study in the Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, the official journal of the Society for Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.

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Lobachevsky University scientists developed a mathematical model of a social conflict

(Lobachevsky University) A team of researchers led by Associate Professor Alexander Petukhov of the Institute of International Relations and World History at Lobachevsky University is developing social conflict models on the basis of nonlinear dynamics.For mathematical modeling, an important feature of social and political processes is that they cannot be strictly defined. They are always subject to small changes and fluctuations. Quite often, social processes are compared to Brownian particles.

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Chimpanzees start using a new tool-use gesture during an alpha male take over

(Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology) Similar to humans, non-human primates combine gestures, facial expressions, and vocalizations in various ways to communicate effectively. Researchers of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology investigated one such signal, the 'leaf clip' gesture, which re-emerged in a wild chimpanzee group during an alpha takeover. Importantly, the gesture was produced only by adult male chimpanzees, immediately preceded their pant hoot vocalizations and was associated with acoustic changes in those calls.

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People undergoing voluntary and involuntary ECT treatment have similar outcomes

(Trinity College Dublin) People who have involuntary electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for depression have similar outcomes to those who have voluntary treatment, according to a ground-breaking new study conducted by researchers from Trinity College Dublin.

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Physicists come in 3 types, say mathematicians

(Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology) As of 2013, there were 7.8 million researchers globally, according to UNESCO. This means that 0.1 percent of the people in the world professionally do science. Their work is largely financed by governments, yet public officials are not themselves researchers.To help governments make sense of the scientific community, Russian mathematicians have devised a researcher typology. The authors initially identified three clusters, which they tentatively labeled as "leaders," "successors," and "toilers."

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I am human, hear me roar: Judging formidability from human vocalizations

(Cell Press) Many animals use vocalizations to judge one another's size and physical formidability when in competition for mates or other resources. Now, researchers reporting in the journal iScience have found that humans can use nonverbal vocal cues, including aggressive roars, in a similar way. The new evidence shows from a vocalization alone, human listeners can estimate whether another person is stronger or weaker or taller or shorter than they are with a high degree of accuracy.

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Crucial new data on the origin of the Dolmens of Antequera, a World Heritage Site

(University of Seville) The results obtained indicate the Neolithic chronology of the cave (probably, at least, at the beginning of the 4th millennium BC) and its importance as a place of reference for the Neolithic (and possibly even older) population of the region, which would explain the anomalous orientation of the Menga dolmen.

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Off the scale: Can forensics save the world's most-trafficked mammal?

(University of Portsmouth) Forensic fingerprinting techniques will now be used in the battle against illegal wildlife trade as new methods of lifting fingermarks from trafficked animals, are announced today.

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Less than a quarter of American youths previously treated for anxiety disorders stay anxiety-free

(Elsevier) For the majority of affected youth, anxiety disorders are chronic, even after a successful course of evidence-based treatments, reports a study published in the July 2018 issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (JAACAP).

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ESC Congress 2018 press program brings latest news in cardiology

(European Society of Cardiology) The ESC Congress 2018 press programme is announced today. Journalists are invited to six late breaking science press conferences plus three press conferences with the themes.* Is this really good for you? Challenging conventional wisdom * The ZZZs of heart health: the art of good sleeping* The mind and the heart

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How water rules the world

(World Scientific) 'Water Is... The Indispensability of Water in Society and Life' explores the ways-big and small-that water rules the world. It provides a holistic perspective on water, capturing the full breadth of the science, technology, policy, history, and future outlook for the most important substance on earth, written at a level accessible to non-experts in each of these areas.

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Empathetic police are less effective in the face of public criticism, study says

(University of Texas at Austin) Police officers who endorse an empathetic approach to criminal justice do not perform as well when they sense they are underappreciated, according to new research from The University of Texas at Austin.

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How water rules the world

(World Scientific) 'Water Is... The Indispensability of Water in Society and Life' explores the ways-big and small-that water rules the world. It provides a holistic perspective on water, capturing the full breadth of the science, technology, policy, history, and future outlook for the most important substance on earth, written at a level accessible to non-experts in each of these areas.

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Gaming or gambling? Online transactions blur boundaries

(University of Adelaide) In-game purchasing systems, such as 'loot boxes', in popular online games resemble gambling and may pose financial risks for vulnerable players, according to gambling psychology researchers at the University of Adelaide.

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Microtransactions can move popular online games closer to online gambling

(Society for the Study of Addiction) An editorial published today by Addiction argues that some online games use in-game purchasing systems that disguise or withhold the long-term cost of microtransactions until the player is already financially and psychologically committed. Such purchasing systems push free-to-play online gaming closer to gambling and may present financial risks for vulnerable players.

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Why bacteria survive in space -- UH biologists discover clues

(University of Houston) Earth germs could be contaminating other planets. Despite extreme decontamination efforts, bacteria from Earth still manages to find its way into outer space aboard spacecraft. University of Houston biologist George Fox is working to better understand how and why some spores elude decontamination.

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New study about world's earliest Neolithic villages

(Kiel University) The advent of food production took place in the Near East over 10,000 years and sparked profound changes in the ways human societies were organized. A new study, published in the journal PloS One by Prof. Cheryl Makarewicz of Kiel University and Prof. Bill Finlayson of the University of Reading, demonstrates that specialized buildings regularly featured in the world's earliest agricultural villages and were key to maintaining and enhancing community cohesion.

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UCalgary researchers discover antidepressant could be a promising treatment for PBC

(University of Calgary) A team of scientists at the University of Calgary's Cumming School of Medicine (CSM) discovered what could be a new option for these hard to treat patients. A drug usually prescribed for depression appears to effectively stop progression of Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC).

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New study about world's earliest Neolithic villages

(Kiel University) The advent of food production took place in the Near East over 10,000 years and sparked profound changes in the ways human societies were organized. A new study, published in the journal PloS One by Prof. Cheryl Makarewicz of Kiel University and Prof. Bill Finlayson of the University of Reading, demonstrates that specialized buildings regularly featured in the world's earliest agricultural villages and were key to maintaining and enhancing community cohesion.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2N2QZ73

In surveys, people say they'll pay twice what they're actually willing to spend

(Ohio State University) When researchers compared what study participants reported they were willing to spend on goods with what they actually shelled out in experiments designed to mimic a real-world shopping experience, there was a big gap.

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Co-op University of Guelph study finds new measure for stress in overtrained athletes

(University of Guelph) Overload training -- or, training to exhaustion followed by a period or rest and recovery before a race -- is a method used by many endurance athletes in search of a personal best. A new University of Guelph study has found that overtraining might alter firing in the body's sympathetic nerve fibres which might hinder athletic performance.

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UAlberta biologists show that female seals have consistent personalities

(University of Alberta) Female seals don't change their spots, according to a new study by University of Alberta biologists. In fact, individual differences in boldness remain consistent over time.The study is among the first to examine boldness in wild marine mammals in the burgeoning field of animal personality. Animal personality influences many ecological processes, like how individuals interact with other species or respond to changing environmental conditions.

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OU institute awarded grant to advance Self, Virtue and Public Life Project

(University of Oklahoma) The University of Oklahoma Institute for the Study of Human Flourishing is the recipient of a $3.9 million grant from the Templeton Religion Trust to advance the 'Self, Virtue and Public Life Project.' The grant will provide funding for new research projects, conferences, edited volumes and community outreach activities. The project is set to begin Sept. 1, 2018, and conclude on Aug. 31, 2021.

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CU Anschutz researchers find little association between suicide and hypoxia

(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) Following an extensive analysis of published studies, researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus have found that while suicide rates are higher at higher altitudes, they are unlikely caused by hypoxia, (low oxygen) at these elevations.

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The politics of cyberattacks

(University of Konstanz) A new DFG-funded research project at the University of Konstanz will analyze worldwide cyberattacks as a political weapon.

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UTMN scientists confirm the high speed of Siberia development

(University of Tyumen) Following the trail of Siberian pioneers, archaeologists from the University of Tyumen have investigated the camp on Karachinsky Island, the Lower Tobol River, where, according to chronicles, Yermak and his Cossacks spent a winter.The AMS Laboratory at the University of Arizona analysed wood samples and dated the found dugout to the middle of the 17th century, while Yermak's campaign took place in the years 1581-1585.

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Breastfeeding mothers stop nursing sooner when living with smokers

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) Nursing mothers who live with two or more smokers are more likely to stop breastfeeding sooner than those who live in nonsmoking households.

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Don't let depression keep you from exercising

(UT Southwestern Medical Center) Exercise may be just as crucial to a depression patient's good health as finding an effective antidepressant.

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What does fitness in midlife mean for depression, cardiovascular disease later in life?

(JAMA Network) A high level of fitness in midlife was associated with a lower risk of depression after age 65 and a lower risk of cardiovascular death, including after a diagnosis of depression.

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UTMN scientists confirm the high speed of Siberia development

(University of Tyumen) Following the trail of Siberian pioneers, archaeologists from the University of Tyumen have investigated the camp on Karachinsky Island, the Lower Tobol River, where, according to chronicles, Yermak and his Cossacks spent a winter.The AMS Laboratory at the University of Arizona analysed wood samples and dated the found dugout to the middle of the 17th century, while Yermak's campaign took place in the years 1581-1585.

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Mason philosophy professor explores the ethics of severe brain injury

(George Mason University) Andrew Peterson is a Mason philosophy professor who recently received an award in bioethics from the Greenwall Foundation that will allow him to investigate ethical and policy issues associated with severe brain injury.

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Vacation time recharges US workers, but positive effects vanish within days, new survey finds

(American Psychological Association) Taking time off helps the majority of US workers recover from stress and experience positive effects that improve their well-being and job performance, but for nearly two-thirds of working adults, the benefits of time away dissipate within a few days, according to a survey released by the American Psychological Association.

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Social media's effect on young to be examined

(University of Portsmouth) How social media helps or harms children's mental health is to be examined by leading experts in social geography and mental health from the UK Universities of Portsmouth and Sheffield.

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Newly discovered Xenomorph wasp has alien-like lifecycle

(University of Adelaide) A University of Adelaide PhD student has discovered a new species of wasp, named Xenomorph because of its gruesome parasitic lifecycle that echoes the predatory behaviour of the Alien movie franchise monster.

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Break it down: Understanding the formation of chemical byproducts during water treatment

(Michigan Technological University) To improve water treatment, researchers use modeling to understand how chemical byproducts form during the advanced oxidation process.

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Thermal camouflage disguises hot and cold

(American Chemical Society) Hunters don camouflage clothing to blend in with their surroundings. But thermal camouflage - or the appearance of being the same temperature as one's environment - is much more difficult. Now researchers, reporting in ACS' journal Nano Letters, have developed a system that can reconfigure its thermal appearance to blend in with varying temperatures in a matter of seconds.

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Building a chemical weapons detector with Legos®

(American Chemical Society) Nerve agents are scary stuff. They are among the most deadly substances on earth, yet can be odorless, tasteless and difficult to detect. But researchers now report in ACS Central Science that they have adapted building materials normally associated with children's toys and a cell phone to help sense these compounds. The new method can sensitively detect these poisons, quantify the amount and distinguish between different classes present at contaminated sites.

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Freedom from fear: dopamine's role in unlearning fearful associations

(RIKEN) Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Brain Science have discovered a circuit in the brain that is necessary for unlearning fear. Published in Nature Communications, the study details the role of dopamine in ensuring that rats stop being afraid when there isn't anything to be afraid of anymore.

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70K opioid-related deaths likely went unreported due to incomplete death certificates

(University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences) Several states are likely dramatically underestimating the effect of opioid-related deaths because of incomplete death certificate reporting, with Pennsylvania leading the pack, according to a new analysis by the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health.

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Decision to live together negatively affects wealth accumulation

(Iowa State University) Living together is often a first step before marriage, or for a growing number of millennials, an alternative to tying the knot. Money or debt can be a common reason for this decision, but there are long-term financial implications to cohabitation, according to research from Iowa State and Kansas State universities.

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Scripps Research scientists find new way to block alcohol addiction and ease withdrawal

(Scripps Research Institute) According to a new study by Scripps Research scientists, activating a receptor found in brain cells may help treat alcohol addiction and ease some withdrawal symptoms.

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Inflammation discovery opens window to better rehabilitation possibilities

(University of Alberta) Inflammation plays a key role in improving the ability to relearn motor skills lost as a result of spinal cord injuries, such as grasping objects, new University of Alberta research shows.

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Women TEDx speakers receive more polarized comments than men

(Brigham Young University) BYU researchers found that though most comments on TEDx and TED-Ed videos are neutral, women receive more of both positive and negative comments than men.

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Spine surgery patients less likely to be opioid dependent after surgery

(University of Louisville) Spine surgeons and researchers at UofL, concerned about potential opioid misuse resulting from pain management related to surgery, have discovered positive news in a study of back surgery patients. The study, conducted by researchers in the UofL Department of Neurological Surgery, concludes that patients undergoing surgery for degenerative spondylolisthesis are less likely to be dependent on opioids after than before the surgery.

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Food insecurity has greater impact on disadvantaged children

(Elsevier) In 2016, 12.9 million children lived in food-insecure households. These children represent a vulnerable population since their developing brains can suffer long-term negative consequences from undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. A new study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that among these vulnerable children, food insecurity had a greater impact on behavior problems in young children of single mothers living in urban neighborhoods.

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Study finds significant proportion of older adults are deficient in vitamin B12 and folate

(Trinity College Dublin) The study suggests that voluntary food fortification is ineffective in preventing deficiency or low status of these vitamins among older people. The results are of relevance not just for Ireland but for all countries that do not have mandatory fortification.

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Digital vs. print publications: New study shows playing favorites can hurt overall sales

(Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences) By 2015, e-book sales had grown to comprise 20 percent of all book sales. To ensure e-book sales did not undermine print sales, publishers frequently delayed the digital publication date for several weeks after the print edition has been released. However, new research in the INFORMS journal Management Science found that delaying e-book sales does not lead to increased print sales, and can result in significantly fewer e-book sales once the digital version is made available.

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Springer announces the launch of International Journal on Child Maltreatment

(Springer) Starting in June 2018, Springer Nature will publish a new journal on research into the prevention, control and mitigation of child abuse and neglect. The International Journal on Child Maltreatment: Research, Policy and Practice.

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An involved board of directors, a key component in innovation in family SMEs

(University of the Basque Country ) The research by the UPV/EHU reveals that the mere fact that family SMEs have a board of directors does not guarantee that innovation will be implemented. What is needed is a board that is active, involved and which has committed members irrespective of whether they are connected with the family or come from outside the family ownership.

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RUDN-based cardiologists studied new aspects of vascular ageing

(RUDN University) A team of scientists from the Medical Institute of RUDN University compared two factors of vascular ageing -- CF-PWV and CAVI. Both of these parameters determine the main indicator of vascular ageing -- arterial stiffness -- with high precision. However, they are influenced by age and certain metabolism abnormalities in different ways. The study is expected to help cardiologists to find effective diagnostic methods for individual patients. The results of the work were published in the Journal of Hypertension.

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The origins of fine-particle pollution in Guangzhou, China

(Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) A research team based in Guangzhou collected historical data on haze episodes and classified them according to the associated synoptic weather systems. With the aid of numerical simulation, they summarized the characteristics of source region contributions to fine-particle pollution under the most frequent unfavorable weather systems in Guangzhou. They suggested that source region contributions showed significant differences when controlled by different synoptic systems.

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Relational mobility may influence your interpersonal behaviors

(Hokkaido University) A large-scale analysis has suggested it's easier for people to form and replace relationships in North America, Europe and Latin America, compared to Asia and the Middle East, what causes these differences, and how they may influence people's thoughts and behavior.

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Mindfulness helps injured athletes improve pain tolerance and awareness

(University of Kent) A new study of injured athletes carried out by the University of Kent found they can benefit from using mindfulness as part of the sport rehabilitation process to improve their pain tolerance and awareness. The research, carried out by Dr Warhel Asim Mohammed and Dr Athanasios Pappous (School of Sport and Exercise Sciences) and Dr Dinkar Sharma (School of Psychology) could have major implications in the treatment of sporting injuries at all levels.

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Finnish forest management guidelines fail to protect the flying squirrel

(University of Helsinki) A new study determined the habitat requirements for flying squirrels and compared them to those included in the recently amended Forest Act. The main finding was that the Finnish Nature Conservation Act does not adequately protect the old growth forests where flying squirrels live.

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Computational model analysis reveals serotonin speeds learning

(Sainsbury Wellcome Centre) A new computational-model designed by researchers at UCL based on data from the Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown reveals that serotonin, one of the most widespread chemicals in the brain, can speed up learning.

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Women know what they want; men get pickier with age

(Queensland University of Technology) Online dating is a multi-million-dollar growth industry. Research by QUT shows men and women take a different approach to it. Women under 40 seeking a partner online are more particular, especially when it comes to education, but men get pickier as they get older according to a QUT study into the online dating behaviour of more than 41,000 Australians. The paper has just been published by leading international journal Psychological Science.

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Anger overlooked as feature of postnatal mood disorders: UBC study

(University of British Columbia) Women in the postpartum period should be screened for anger in addition to depression and anxiety, new research from the University of British Columbia suggests.

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Narcissistic adolescents may perform better at school -- Queen's University Belfast researcher

(Queen's University Belfast) A researcher at Queen's University Belfast suggests that the growing rate of narcissism in society could be linked with school achievement.

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New technology transforming blood & stem cell collection

(Trinity PR) A new cord blood processing technology, Toticyte, developed by the UK's leading blood cord bank, Cells4life, has been launched to midwives and healthcare professionals.

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Why popcorn tastes better when you eat it with chopsticks

(Ohio State University) If you are not enjoying your favorite things as much as you used to, new research suggests a way to break through the boredom: Try the same old things in new ways. Researchers found that people found new enjoyment in popcorn, videos -- even water -- when they consumed them in unconventional ways.

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Marshall School of Medicine research team defines possible anti-aging intervention

(Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine ) New research demonstrates that Na/K-ATPase oxidant amplification loop (NAKL) is intimately involved in the aging process and may serve as a target for anti-aging interventions.

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Serotonin speeds learning

(Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown) Why do treatments with antidepressants like Prozac seem to work better when combined with behavioral therapies, which promote the learning of positive behaviors by the depressed patient? A new study suggests a possible explanation.

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Nicotine alters neurotransmission in habit-forming brain region

(Society for Neuroscience) A study of rat brain slices published in JNeurosci demonstrates how nicotine interacts with cells that regulate the output of a brain region involved in habit formation. The research could inform efforts to help people quit smoking and avoid relapse.

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Mind over matter: Amygdala circuit counteracts pain-driven emotion

(Society for Neuroscience) Two pathways in the brain converging at the amygdala regulate the anxiety and depression that often accompanies chronic pain, suggests research in male rats published in JNeurosci. One of these pathways may represent a top-down mechanism that controls negative emotion under stress.

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New target for treating alcoholism

(Society for Neuroscience) Activation of a receptor with no known function in the brain reduces excessive alcohol use and the pain of withdrawal, according to preclinical research in male rats. The study, published in eNeuro, suggests a new approach towards the treatment of alcohol use disorder.

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Cranium of a four-million-year-old hominin shows similarities to that of modern humans

(University of the Witwatersrand) A cranium of a four-million-year-old fossil, that, in 1995 was described as the oldest evidence of human evolution in South Africa, has shown similarities to that of our own, when scanned through high resolution imaging systems.

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Cranium of a four-million-year-old hominin shows similarities to that of modern humans

(University of the Witwatersrand) A cranium of a four-million-year-old fossil, that, in 1995 was described as the oldest evidence of human evolution in South Africa, has shown similarities to that of our own, when scanned through high resolution imaging systems.

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Citizen scientists developing expertise on galaxy images

(University of Gothenburg) Two researchers from the University of Gothenburg have studied large amounts of data in a citizen science project that turns to volunteers for help classifying images of galaxies.'We can see how interested volunteers have developed expertise that we didn't foresee,' says Dick Kasperowski, associate professor of theory of science and co-author of the study.

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Hearing-related problems common among preschool teachers

(University of Gothenburg) Seven out of ten female preschool teachers suffer from sound-induced auditory fatigue, one out of two has difficulty understanding speech and four out of ten become hypersensitive to sound. This is a considerably higher share than among women in general and also higher than in occupational groups exposed to noise, according to research at Sahlgrenska Academy, Sweden.

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The UAB to gather worldwide experts on degrowth and environmental justice

(Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona) The ICTA-UAB will organize the fifth edition of the Summer School on Degrowth and Environmental Justice from June 25 to July 6. The theme of this year is "Making Sense by Democracy, Non-Violence, and Conviviality" which will tackle the role of degrowth and environmental justice in the transformations towards a fairer society.

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Putting oneself in another person's place is the best antidote against prejudice

(University of Córdoba) Research performed by a team at the School of Education at the University of Cordoba shows an indirect relationship between empathy and the development of prejudices by means of personality and ideological attitudes.

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CRISPR editing reduces repetitive behavior in mice with a form of autism

(University of California - Berkeley) Mice with fragile X syndrome are a common model for autism because the mice exhibit exaggerated repetitive behavior typical of the disorder. UC Berkeley and UT San Antonio researchers have for the first time gotten CRISPR into the brain to successfully edit a gene and reduce repetitive behavior. The CRISPR-Gold technique knocked out a gene for a neurotransmitter receptor, damping overexcitation and associated burying behavior. The technique could allow CRISPR therapies for other brain disorders.

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Men's testosterone levels largely determined by where they grow up

(Durham University) Men's testosterone levels are largely determined by their environment during childhood, according to new research.

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Can the kids wait? Today's youngsters able to delay gratification longer than those of the 1960s

(American Psychological Association) Some 50 years since the original 'marshmallow test' in which most preschoolers gobbled up one treat immediately rather than wait several minutes to get two, today's youngsters may be able to delay gratification significantly longer to get that extra reward. This was the key finding of a new study published by the American Psychological Association.

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In the brain, dislike and dehumanization are not the same thing

(University of Pennsylvania) It has long been thought that when people characterized others as less-than-human, it was an expression of extreme dislike. New research shows that in fact judgements about dislike and dehumanization of people occur in separate brain regions, suggesting they are different psychological processes. This has implications for how we understand the migrant detention crisis in America as well as intergroup conflict around the world.

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Innovation leaps to fast-track

(Rothamsted Research) European funding has kick-started a new programme of agricultural innovation that aims to accelerate the development of promising ideas into practical tools for other economic sectors by bringing together researchers and small businesses to work on collaborative projects as start-up enterprises.

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Collaborative model for post-disaster behavioral health recovery may serve as standard

(Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center) Faculty in LSU Health New Orleans schools of Medicine and Public Health and colleagues report that a collaborative effort to build capacity to address behavioral health and promote community resilience after the 2016 Great Flood in Baton Rouge, LA successfully expanded local behavioral health services delivery capacity and that the model may be useful to other disaster-struck communities.

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Blood test predicts spastic cerebral palsy

(Nemours) Researchers at Nemours and the University of Delaware have developed a blood test predictive of spastic cerebral palsy. Their study, published in BMC Bioinformatics, showed that DNA patterns in circulating blood cells can be used to help identify spastic CP patients (Crowgey et al.). New and better ways to identify infants with CP are needed so that interventions can start earlier for more children.

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New social services for the elderly in modern Russian non-state social work

(Lobachevsky University) A team of Lobachevsky University researchers led by Professor Zaretkhan Saralieva is exploring the potential of social services for the elderly by public and religious organizations of modern Russia. Their work is focused on the transformation of social work with the elderly during the last four years in the context of contractual relations in social services and participation of socially-oriented non-profit organizations in the competition for state subsidies.

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Overdose risk quintuples with opioid and benzodiazepine use

(University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences) In the first 90 days of concurrent opioid and benzodiazepine use, the risk of opioid-related overdose increases five-fold compared to opioid-only use among Medicare recipients, according to a new study from the University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy.

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Health insurance plans may be fueling opioid epidemic

(Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health) Health care insurers including Medicare, Medicaid and major private insurers have not done enough to combat the opioid epidemic, suggests a study led by researchers at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

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How are chronic opioid use, 2016 presidential voting patterns associated?

(JAMA Network) An analysis of Medicare claims data suggests chronic opioid use in US counties corresponded with support for Republican Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election, with much of the correlation explained by socioeconomic factors.

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People with schizophrenia account for more than one in 10 suicide cases

(Centre for Addiction and Mental Health) A new CAMH and Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences study shows that people with schizophrenia account for more than one in 10 cases of suicide in Ontario, and that young people are disproportionately affected.People with schizophrenia also had more contact with the health care system, pointing to an opportunity to intervene. The researchers emphasize the need for early suicide risk assessments to reduce risks.

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New evidence brief shows long-term effects of child-family separation

(Society for Research in Child Development) Parent-child separation has long-term effects on child well-being, even if there is subsequent reunification. After being separated, reunited children can experience lasting difficulty with emotional attachment to their parents, self-esteem, and physical and psychological health, according to a new brief released by the Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD). The brief, written by scholars of SRCD's Latino Caucus, emphasizes that for some children, time does not appear to fully heal these psychological wounds.

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Physical exercise improves the life quality of those living in care homes for the elderly

(University of the Basque Country ) An exercise programme adapted to the capabilities of each person has shown how effective it is in improving the physical as well as mental health of elderly people who live in residential care homes. The UPV/EHU's Ageing-On research group, responsible for developing it, has prepared a strategy to be able to spread its application not just across care homes.

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Russian scientists develop a 'predictor' of Parkinson's disease forms

(Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University) Scientists from Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), participant of Russian Academic Excellence Initiative (Project 5-100) in collaboration with the Institute of Experimental Medicine and ITMO University developed a unique program which can determine a form of Parkinson's disease and predict possible future symptoms with the accuracy of up to 96 percent. According to the scientists, this development allows giving a person the required treatment as soon as possible.

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Digitalisation meets the Middle Ages

(St. Poelten University of Applied Sciences) Smartphones and touchscreens could turn museum visits into a digital and multimedia experience. In the months ahead, an example of this can be seen in Admont Abbey in Austria. In a special exhibition, the abbey is presenting fragments of the 'Admonter Abrogans', a Latin-German dictionary from the period of around 800. The cultural treasures have been made accessible through a multi-media presentation, which researchers of the Institute of Creative\Media/Technologies at St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences (Austria) has designed.

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Normalisation of 'plus-size' risks hidden danger of obesity, study finds

(University of East Anglia) New research warns that the normalisation of 'plus-size' body shapes may be leading to an increasing number of people underestimating their weight - undermining efforts to tackle England's ever-growing obesity problem.Analysis of data from almost 23,460 people who are overweight or obese revealed that weight misperception has increased in England. Men and individuals with lower levels of education and income are more likely to underestimate their weight status and consequently less likely to try to lose weight.

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First ancient syphilis genomes decoded

(Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History) An international research team has recovered the first historic genomes from the bacterium Treponema pallidum, which causes syphilis. It was previously not thought possible to recover DNA of this bacterium from ancient samples. In the study, published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, the researchers were able to distinguish genetically between the subspecies of the disease that cause syphilis and that cause yaws, which are not readily distinguishable in skeletal remains.

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GSA forms partnership with OADN

(The Gerontological Society of America) The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) and the Organization for Associate Degree Nursing (OADN) are collaborating in a new partnership with the goal of sharing education and training tools with their respective members to enhance the care of older adults.

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Allen Institute for Brain Science database release nearly doubles mouse brain cell data

(Allen Institute) The Allen Institute for Brain Science today announced the release of new data, tools to analyze those data and a new web-based 3D viewer to explore anatomy and connections in the mouse brain, the Allen Brain Explorer.

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NSF funds Natural History Museum of Utah, College of Ed to develop online curriculum

(University of Utah) NSF has awarded a grant with total funding expected to reach $1.3 million this month to the Natural History Museum of Utah and the College of Education at the University of Utah. This project, titled Engaging Practices for Inquiry with Collections in Bioscience, uses authentic research investigations of objects from the museum's digitized collections to provide students, particularly traditionally underserved populations, with access to museum objects and engaging STEM investigations to improve critical thinking skills.

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Army study quantifies changes in stress after meditation

(U.S. Army Research Laboratory) or a thousand years, people have reported feeling better by meditating but there has never been a systematic study that quantified stress and how much stress changes as a direct result of meditation until now.

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Cells stop dividing when this gene kicks into high gear, study finds

(University at Buffalo) Scientists seeking to unlock secrets of cellular aging have identified a gene that triggers senescence, a phenomenon in which cells stop dividing. The gene, called CD36, is unusually active in older, senescent cells. Heightening CD36 activity also caused young, healthy cells to stop dividing, with the effect also spreading to nearby cells in the same petri dish.

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New World Atlas of Desertification shows unprecedented pressure on planet's resources

(European Commission Joint Research Centre) The World Desertification Atlas by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre provides the first comprehensive, evidence-based assessment of land degradation at a global level and highlights the urgency to adopt corrective measures.

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Dying cancer cells make remaining glioblastoma cells more aggressive and therapy-resistant

(University of Alabama at Birmingham) A surprising form of cell-to-cell communication in glioblastoma promotes global changes in recipient cells, including aggressiveness, motility, and resistance to radiation or chemotherapy. Paradoxically, the sending cells in this signaling are glioblastoma cells undergoing programmed cell death. The apoptotic cancer cells release extracellular vesicles. These vesicle, or exosomes, carry components that alter RNA splicing in the recipient glioblastoma cells, and this altered splicing promotes therapy resistance and aggressive migration.

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New study suggests viral connection to Alzheimer's disease

(Arizona State University) A first-of-its kind study, next generation sequencing is brought to bear to investigate a culprit in the path to Alzheimer's disease: the presence of viruses in the brain.

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Mindful movement may help lower stress, anxiety

(Penn State) Taking a walk may be a good opportunity to mentally review your to-do list, but using the time to instead be more mindful of your breathing and surroundings may help boost your wellbeing, according to researchers who found that while students reported being less stressed while they were on their feet and moving, they received an even greater benefit when they reported also being more mindful.

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One year of school comes with an IQ bump, meta-analysis shows

(Association for Psychological Science) A year of schooling leaves students with new knowledge, and it also equates with a small but noticeable increase to students' IQ, according to a systematic meta-analysis published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.

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Brain tingles: First study of its kind reveals physiological benefits of ASMR

(University of Sheffield) Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) - the relaxing 'brain tingles' experienced by some people in response to specific triggers, such as whispering, tapping and slow hand movements -- may have benefits for both mental and physical health, according to new research.

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Garden seed diet for threatened turtle doves has negative impact

(University of Lincoln) New research into Britain's fastest declining bird species has found that young turtle doves raised on a diet of seeds foraged from non-cultivated arable plants rather than food provided in people's gardens are more likely to survive after fledging. Ecologists at the University of Lincoln, UK, investigated the dietary habits of European turtle doves using DNA analysis of faecal samples and found significant associations between the body condition and the source of the bird's diet.

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Bisexual men have higher risk for heart disease

(New York University) Bisexual men have a higher risk for heart disease compared with heterosexual men across several modifiable risk factors, finds a new study published online in the journal LGBT Health.

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Probiotics can protect the skeletons of older women

(University of Gothenburg) For the first time in the world, researchers at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, have demonstrated that probiotics, dietary supplements with health-promoting bacteria, can be used to affect the human skeleton. Among older women who received probiotics, bone loss was halved compared to women who received only a placebo. The research opens the door to a new way to prevent fractures among the elderly.

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Your brain anatomy may play a role in determining your food choices

(INSEAD) Our ability to exercise self-control is linked to our neurobiology.

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Major gaps in influenza immunization coverage among older adults of racial and ethnic groups tackled by leading scientists

(PadillaCRT) Major immunization gaps among older adults of racial and ethnic groups was the core of an expert roundtable comprised of various health care system leaders. The experts convened to specifically address lagging influenza immunization rates due to growing racial and ethnic disparities that are well below public health goals among older adults. As a next step, SHC's Advisory Board committed to authoring a Call to Action for publication in an international peer-reviewed medical journal.

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Fright and flight: Deciding when to escape

(Sainsbury Wellcome Centre) How does your brain decide what to do in a threatening situation? A new paper published in Nature describes a mechanism by which the brain classifies the level of a threat and decides when to escape.

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How do horses read human emotional cues?

(Hokkaido University) Scientists demonstrated for the first time that horses integrate human facial expressions and voice tones to perceive human emotion, regardless of whether the person is familiar or not.

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Nightingale Health & UK Biobank announce major initiative to analyze 500,000 blood samples

(Nightingale Health) Nightingale Health, the Finnish innovator of an internationally recognized blood biomarker technology for studying chronic diseases, will analyze the biomarker profiles of 500,000 blood samples from UK Biobank. The ground-breaking research initiative was announced today at the UK Biobank Scientific Conference 2018 in London.

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Stone tools from ancient mummy reveal how Copper Age mountain people lived

(PLOS) Stone tools found with a 5,300-year-old frozen mummy from Northern Italy reveal how alpine Copper Age communities lived, according to a study published June 20, 2018 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Ursula Wierer from the Soprintendenza Archeologia, Florence, Italy, and colleagues.

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What a pain: The iPad neck plagues women more

(University of Nevada, Las Vegas) Gender and posture -- not screen time -- are biggest factors behind developing 'iPad neck' and shoulder pain, UNLV study finds.

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Double jeopardy: The high costs of living in Nairobi's slums

(University at Buffalo) Tenants in the slums of Nairobi, Kenya, receive drastically inferior household services and pay more rent compared to those in its formal settlements, according to new research from the University at Buffalo School of Management.

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Daily cannabis use is on the rise in American adults

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) Cannabis use may be decreasing among teens, but a new study showed that American adults have increasingly used cannabis daily since 2007. The study found that nondaily cannabis use decreased among those aged 12 to 25 and 35 to 49 before 2007, and increased among all adults after 2007, particularly among adults 26 to 34.

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University of Louisville launches the Envirome Institute with $5 million gift

(University of Louisville) The University of Louisville today announced a $5 million gift to establish the Envirome Institute at the School of Medicine. The gift, from the Owsley Brown II Family Foundation, supports the first institute dedicated to the study of the human envirome. Taking a holistic approach to researching how the human-environment interrelationship impacts peoples' lives, the institute will build on the pioneering work of Aruni Bhatnagar, Ph.D., the institute's director, in the field of environmental cardiology.

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New study sheds light on the growing phenomenon of radicalized European youths

(Elsevier) A study published in European Psychiatry reports on factors underlying the current rise in radical conversions among European youth. Compared to previous groups such as Al-Qaïda, ETA, or Hamas, today's radical groups are smaller, less hierarchical, and are mainly composed of young, homegrown individuals. This review delves into the profiles of today's European adolescents and young adults who have embraced the cause of radical Islamism and looks into the role that psychiatry can play in dealing with this issue.

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Robot bloodhound tracks odors on the ground

(American Chemical Society) Bloodhounds are famous for their ability to track scents over great distances. Now researchers have developed a modern-day bloodhound -- a robot that can rapidly detect odors from sources on the ground, such as footprints. The robot, reported in ACS Sensors, could even read a message written on the ground using odors as a barcode.

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Crumple up this keyboard and stick it in your pocket

(American Chemical Society) Bendable portable keyboards for use with computers and other electronic devices are already on the market, but they have limited flexibility, and they're fairly sizable when rolled up for transport. Now researchers have crafted an inexpensive keyboard that is so tough, flexible and thin that it can be crumpled up and tucked in a pocket without damaging it. The study appears in the journal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.

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Opioid overdose survivors face continued health challenges, higher death rate

(Columbia University Irving Medical Center) Survivors of opioid overdose are at great risk of dying in the year after overdose, but the deaths are not always caused by drug use, a new study reveals. In addition to succumbing to drug use, survivors were much more likely to die from respiratory diseases, viral hepatitis, and suicide.

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Causes of subsequent death for patients after nonfatal opioid overdose

(JAMA Network) Adults who survive an opioid overdose are at high risk of dying during the year after the incident of substance use-associated diseases, suicide and other medical conditions.

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New screening tool could help diagnose early cognitive decline in dementia from home

(City University London) An international team of scientists have developed a new way to screen for age-related cognitive decline at home using a test which asks people to detect sounds and flashes on their laptop or phone.

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People who feel threatened by vegetarianism more likely to care less about animals

(University of Kent) New research suggests that if people perceive the rise of vegetarianism as a threat to their way of life they are more likely to care less for some animals.

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Dogs understand what's written all over your face

(Springer) Dogs are capable of understanding the emotions behind an expression on a human face. The study in Springer's journal Learning & Behavior is the latest to reveal just how connected dogs are with people. The research also provides evidence that dogs use different parts of their brains to process human emotions.

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Mega-cruises are becoming copies of the great Las Vegas resorts

(University of Seville) The productive improvements and innovations in the shipyards, which have made the mega ships possible, have made the cruise ship operators look for a leisure model that fills the abundant space that these new floating cities offer. In many of these ships, the classic model of luxury has been abandoned to copy, with great precision, the theme parks of the great casino resorts of Las Vegas.

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New tool using Facebook data shows worldwide gender gap

(Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) An international group of researchers, involving scientists from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) and the Complexity Science Hub Vienna, developed a tool to track and analyze gender inequality through Facebook usage data. Their results, published in an article in the latest issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), show that gender inequality online is related to gender inequality in society at large.

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Researchers find important new piece in the Huntington's disease puzzle

(University of Copenhagen The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences) In a new study, researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered a hitherto unknown error in the transport of glutamine between astrocytes and neurons in the brain of mice with Huntington's disease. At the same time, it is a relevant area on which to focus the effort of developing a future treatment for the disease, the researchers believe.

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Self-care and social ties can help men recover from the suicide of a loved one

(University of British Columbia) New UBC research suggests that male values like self-care and protecting family and friends can help men deal with the emotional trauma of losing a friend or family member to suicide.

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Focusing on next 10 years could lead to better use of recommendations for cancer screening

(Society for Personality and Social Psychology) In a recent study, asking participants to decide on a screening schedule for the next 10 years, instead of just making a single decision for an upcoming appointment, nearly doubled the number of participants who followed evidence-based recommendations for cervical cancer screening.

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Brainhealth: Financial decision-making capacity need not decline in healthy advanced aging

(Center for BrainHealth ) New research from The Center for BrainHealth® at The University of Texas at Dallas shows that advancing age alone is not the defining factor in impaired financial decision-making.

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Swedes have been brewing beer since the Iron Age, new evidence confirms

(Lund University) Archaeologists at Lund University in Sweden have found carbonised germinated grains showing that malt was produced for beer brewing as early as the Iron Age in the Nordic region. The findings made in Uppåkra in southern Sweden indicate a large-scale production of beer, possibly for feasting and trade.

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Reading risk behavior in the brain

(Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena) Anxious people take fewer risks -- in itself this is not a surprising observation. However, a team of psychologists from the University of Jena, together with partners from Würzburg (Gerrmany) and Victoria (Canada) have succeeded in making this decision process visible in the brain, allowing them to predict the behaviour of individuals. To this end, they conducted an experiment to measure the risk behaviour of participants while using electroencephalography (EEG) to observe their brain activity.

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$10-million gift for brain research, young researchers and faster patient results

(McGill University) A transformative gift of $10 million from the Irving Ludmer Family Foundation in support of the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health will expand the Centre's internationally renowned role in brain research and establish a Global Brain Consortium of leading research institutions. The consortium will focus on sharing research methodologies and results, with the goal of accelerating the finding of novel and ground-breaking solutions to mental health and neurodegenerative diseases.

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Is it their own fault?! How people judge the exclusion of others

(University of Basel) The way people view the social exclusion of others varies -- depending on how much they think the excluded person is to blame. However, this is heavily influenced by how similar the group members are to each other, as a research team from the University of Basel writes in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

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Using bloodstains at crime scenes to determine age of a suspect or victim

(American Chemical Society) From the spatter analysis made famous in the TV show Dexter to the frequent DNA profiling of CSI and the real cases covered in the FBI Files, blood tests are ubiquitous in forensic science. Now, researchers report in ACS Central Science that a new blood test, which could be performed at a crime scene, could help determine the age of a suspect or victim within just an hour.

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A dual-therapy approach to boost motor recovery after a stroke

(Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) EPFL scientists have shown that combining a brain-computer interface (BCI) with functional electrical stimulation (FES) can help stroke victims recover greater use of their paralyzed arm -- even years after the stroke.

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Birds have time-honored traditions, too

(Duke University) By faithfully copying the most popular songs, swamp sparrows create time-honored song traditions that can be just as long-lasting as human traditions, finds a new study. The results show that creating traditions that pass the test of time doesn't necessarily require exceptional smarts.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2JTdRYP

Finding genes controlling ovarian reserve could hold key to better female fertility care

(Jackson Laboratory) Jackson Laboratory Assistant Professor Ewelina Bolcun-Filas, Ph.D., is looking at how multiple genetic factors regulating oocyte development determine the differences in each woman's ovarian reserve. Bolcun-Filas has received a five-year grant totaling $2,165,475 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development to investigate these genetic factors, using special, genetically diverse mouse populations.

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Genes associated with infantile forms of schizophrenia identified

(McGill University) Scientists at the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (The Neuro) and McGill University have identified novel genes associated with a specific form of schizophrenia.

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Liberals do drink more lattes, but maybe not for the reasons you think

(University of Pennsylvania) Do liberals really drink more lattes? According to a new study from the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania, liberals in America are indeed more likely than conservatives to drink lattes. The researchers believe this is because liberals are more open to globalization and products associated with other countries.

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Researchers gain insight into infant handling by young bonobos

(University of Oregon) University of Oregon anthropologist Klaree Boose followed her intuition about her observations of bonobos at a US zoo. She now theorizes that young females of the endangered ape species prepare for motherhood and form social bonds by helping mothers take care of infants.

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Success of blood test for autism affirmed

(Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute) One year after researchers published their work on a physiological test for autism, a follow-up study confirms its exceptional success in assessing whether a child is on the autism spectrum.

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Tackling bullying could help reduce depression in autistic teens

(University of Bristol) Teenagers with difficulties in social communication, including autism, have higher rates of depressive symptoms, especially if they are being bullied.

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Study shows approach can help English learners improve at math word problems

(University of Kansas) University of Kansas education professors have published a study showing that a comprehension-based strategy can help English learners improve their math word-problem solving abilities. The approach boosts reading comprehension and problem solving as well.

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Teachers view immigrant, minority parents as less involved in their children's education

(University of Pennsylvania) A study from the University of Pennsylvania revealed that such perspectives from educators can end up hampering the academic trajectory of the students involved.

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Montana burial site answers questions about early humans

(Texas A&M University) Scientists have shown that at the Anzick site in Montana - the only known Clovis burial site - the skeletal remains of a young child and the antler and stone artifacts found there were buried at the same time, raising new questions about the early inhabitants of North America, says a Texas A&M University professor involved in the research.

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Advancing study of the mind should be a global priority

(Sheridan College) Nathaniel Barr, Sheridan College and Gordon Pennycook, Yale University have synthesized a large body of research to reveal how the study of reason is related to the most pressing issues of our time.

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Drones could be used to detect dangerous 'butterfly' landmines in post-conflict regions

(Binghamton University) Drones could be used to detect dangerous 'butterfly' landmines in remote regions of post-conflict countries, according to new research from Binghamton University, State University at New York.

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New study shows how a single binge drinking episode affects gene that regulates sleep

(University of Missouri-Columbia) New findings from the University of Missouri School of Medicine explain how a single episode of binge drinking can affect the gene that regulates sleep, leading to sleep disruption in mice. The finding may shed light on how sleep problems can contribute to alcoholism in humans.

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Kids grasp that you get what you pay for

(University of Michigan) From a young age, children have a nuanced understanding of fairness.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2ylGokp

Cell type and environment influence protein turnover in the brain

(eLife ) Scientists have revealed that protein molecules in the brain are broken down and replaced at different rates, depending on where in the brain they are.

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Hypnosis may help reduce fear of cancer treatment in children

(University of Exeter) Hypnosis could help to reduce the fear of medical procedures in children and young people with cancer.

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Monash research provides insights into why older people respond poorly to cancer treatment

(Monash University) Researchers may have found a group of immune cells that increase in number with age but are too worn out to fight diseases. The accumulation of dysfunctional virtual memory T cells, in addition to the loss of true naïve T cells, may explain why older people have reduced immune responses to cancer and vaccines, why cancer immunotherapy is less successful in the elderly, and may help to tailor cancer immunotherapy treatments specifically for older patients.

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Having stress-related disorder associated with increased risk of developing autoimmune disease

(JAMA Network) Stress-related disorders brought on by traumatic or stressful life events were associated with increased risk of developing an autoimmune disease.

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The significance of voice arose in Russian literature due to Tolstoy

(University of Tyumen) Leo Tolstoy was the first Russian writer to make voice a distinctive individual, professional and social feature. He created a new stereotypical vocabulary. Tolstoy's voice stereotypes have since been adopted by other Russian writers and still influence them today.

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Lion conservation research can be bolstered by input from a wide-range of professionals

(Frontiers) The conservation of lions, while also maintaining the well-being of people that live around them, is a complex problem that should be addressed by a wide-range of professionals working together. Rather than focusing solely on human-lion interaction, other factors such as the environment, wild prey and domesticated livestock need to be considered to get a full evaluation of the problem. This approach should help address the dramatic decrease in lion populations seen in recent years.

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D for danger! Speech sounds convey emotions

(Bocconi University) Individual speech sounds -- phonemes -- are statistically associated with negative or positive emotions in several languages, new research published in the journal Cognition by Bocconi Professor Zachary Estes, his Warwick colleague James Adelman and Bocconi student Martina Cossu shows. These associations help us quickly avoid dangers, because the phoneme-emotion associations are strongest at the beginning of the word and the phonemes that are spoken fastest tend to have a negative association

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Important to be open to discussing sex with young cancer survivors

(University of Gothenburg) Feeling unattractive and dissatisfied with their sexual ability -- that is reality for many teenage and young adult cancer survivors. Research from Sahlgrenska Academy, Sweden, now gives a voice to a group that often has a difficult journey back to a normal life.

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Everything big data claims to know about you could be wrong

(University of California - Berkeley) When it comes to understanding what makes people tick -- and get sick -- medical science has long assumed that the bigger the sample of human subjects, the better. But new research led by the University of California, Berkeley, suggests this big-data approach may be wildly off the mark.

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Methadone and buprenorphine reduce risk of death after opioid overdose

(NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse) A National Institutes of Health-funded study found that treatment of opioid use disorder with either methadone or buprenorphine following a nonfatal opioid overdose is associated with significant reductions in opioid related mortality. The research, published today in the Annals of Internal Medicine, was co-funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, both parts of NIH.

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Good primary lowers ED use for those with intellectual and developmental disabilities

(St. Michael's Hospital) One in three adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) visit the emergency department annually but effective primary care could reduce these numbers, suggests a new study led by St. Michael's Hospital and the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES).

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Warnings to texting pedestrians may not eliminate risks, but they can help

(Human Factors and Ergonomics Society) Improving pedestrian safety even in the presence of warnings remains a challenge.

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Purdue phoneme project creates new haptic communications future

(Purdue University) Communication could step beyond reading a cellular phone screen with a new technique by Purdue College of Engineering researchers to learn and read messages through a person's sense of touch.

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Deaths from cardiac arrest are misclassified, overestimated

(University of California - San Francisco) Forty percent of deaths attributed to cardiac arrest are not sudden or unexpected, and nearly half of the remainder are not arrhythmic -- the only situation in which CPR and defibrillators are effective -- according to an analysis by researchers at UC San Francisco and the City and County of San Francisco Office of the Chief Medical Examiner.

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Adolescent binge drinking disrupts mouse memory in adulthood

(Society for Neuroscience) Excessive drinking during adolescence may interfere with the activity of brain cells needed for sustaining short term memory, according to new research in adolescent male mice published in JNeurosci. The study could help scientists better understand the development of alcohol use disorders in adults.

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Novel information about the effects of in vitro fertilization on embryonic growth

(University of Helsinki) In vitro fertilization affects the regulatory region of genes essential for placental and embryonic growth, as well as the birth weight. A new study suggests that the effects depend on genetic variation inherited from the parents. This information could be useful in development of assisted reproduction technologies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2tjKyTU

Risky opioid prescriptions linked to higher chance of death

(RAND Corporation) Most people who misuse opioids are first exposed to the drugs through prescriptions so improving prescribing is targeted as one way to help curb the nation's opioid abuse epidemic. A new study identified six types of risky opioid prescriptions and found that all were linked to a higher chance of death, including fatal opioid overdoses. The study found more than 6 percent of Massachusetts adults received a risky opioid prescription during a five-year period.

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Neuroscientists map brain's response to cold touch

(Carnegie Mellon University) Carnegie Mellon neuroscientists have mapped the feeling of cool touch to the brain's insula in a mouse model. The findings provide an experimental model that will advance research into conditions like pain and hypersensitivity to cold and help researchers to continue to unravel the multifaceted ways touch is represented in the brain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2t56FhK

New method to preserve boy cancer patient fertility being developed at Ben-gurion U.

(American Associates, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev) "Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the presence of biologically active SPGCs in testicular biopsies of chemotherapy-treated PCPBs, and their capacity to develop in vitro to different stages of spermatogenesis, including the generation of sperm-like cells," according to lead researcher Prof. Mahmoud Huleihel, a member of BGU's Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics. "This study may open the way for new therapeutic strategies for fertility preservation of PCPBs and for azoospermic patients."

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Reducing the risk of dementia through lifestyle changes

(Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care) Canadian researchers are recruiting older adults across Toronto and Montreal to explore the benefits of different types of brain training and lifestyle interventions for two clinical trials.

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Compilation of research discussed at the Global Forum On Nicotine: Warsaw June 16 2018

(Abzed) Below is a summary of the new and recent research discussed at this conference.

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Violence against women significantly more likely after high-risk sex

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) A study of the victimization of women who were living in areas of high poverty and HIV prevalence in multiple cities across the US has shown that high-risk-sex, characterized by one or more HIV risk factors, was associated with a significantly greater likelihood of physical violence against the female participant within the subsequent 6 months.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2K0aawA

Rare mutation of gene carried by Quebec family gives insight into how the brain is wired

(McGill University) The study of a Quebec family with an unusual gene provides novel insight into how our brain is built and, according to the McGill led team of scientists, offers a better understanding of psychiatric disorders such as depression, addictions and schizophrenia.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2I0F0D8

University of Münster awards Transfer Prize for two projects

(University of Münster) A brace of awards: As before, in 2016, the Rectorate of the University of Münster (Germany) has again awarded two Transfer Prizes this year. One went to biotechnologist Prof. Dirk Prüfer, and the other was awarded to business information specialist Prof. Jörg Becker.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2JNE9M6

New study suggests ovarian hormone may make drug withdrawal symptoms worse for women

(Dickinson College) Researchers found that a form of the estrogen hormone can contribute to drug relapse in females by worsening withdrawal symptoms. The study looked at the interaction of the female sex hormone estradiol and methamphetamine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2JZnAbR

Odors are perceived the same way by hunter-gatherers and Westerners

(Radboud University Nijmegen) Previous research has shown the hunter-gatherer Jahai are much better at naming odors than Westerners. They even have a more elaborate lexicon for it. New research by language scientist Asifa Majid of Radboud University shows that despite these linguistic differences, the Jahai and Dutch find the same odors pleasant and unpleasant.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2t5wNsH

Recent clinical trial finds tamsulosin not effective in kidney stone passage

(George Washington University) Research published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that tamsulosin does not significantly effect patient-reported passage or capture of kidney stones.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2M3abQN

Scientists learn more about how gene linked to autism affects brain

(Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center) New preclinical research shows a gene already linked to a subset of people with autism spectrum disorder is critical to healthy neuronal connections in the developing brain, and its loss can harm those connections to help fuel the complex developmental condition. Scientists report in Developmental Cell their data clarify the biological role of the gene CHD8 and its protein CHD8 in developing oligodendrocytes, cells that form a protective insulation around nerves.

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In the gaping mouth of ancient crocodiles

(University of the Witwatersrand) A new study by a team of international experts, led by University of Witwatersrand PhD candidate Kathleen Dollman and Professor Jonah Choiniere published today in the American Museum Novitates, endeavoured to further explore the mouth of one of the earliest occurring and least understood groups of crocodilians, the shartegosuchids.

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Nature programmes could put a spring in your step

(Anglia Ruskin University) A new study shows that watching films set in a natural environment boosts body image.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2t4YdyX

When consumers don't want to talk about what they bought

(Ohio State University) One of the joys of shopping for many people is the opportunity to brag about their purchases to friends and others. But new research found one common situation in which people would rather not discuss what they just bought: when they're feeling like money is a little tight. In a series of studies, researchers found that consumers who felt financially constrained didn't want to talk about their purchases, large or small, with friends or strangers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2JU2cVr

Russian scientists created 'flying' gas chromatograph

(Samara University) A lightweight and compact device will make it possible to turn a conventional drone into an air chemical laboratory. Scientists of Samara University have tested 'flying laboratory' in field conditions. A gas microchromatograph reached the required altitude, collected samples and analyzed them online.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2tmdoU2

Lots of news and lots of contacts at ZPID Twin Conference

(Leibniz Institute for Psychology Information (ZPID)) The Leibniz Institute for Psychology Information (ZPID) had organized the two conferences from June 7-12 at its seat in Trier, Germany.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2JVMidh

Study examines first birth cohort to receive HPV vaccine: The vaccine works

(University of Copenhagen The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences) Girls in the first birth cohort to be offered and receive the HPV vaccine showed a lower degree of dysplasia which may eventually lead to cervical cancer than a birth cohort from 1983. This is the conclusion of a new study conducted by researchers at the University of Copenhagen, who have been the first to study the vaccine's effect on the general population.

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'Be personal and appreciative': Research shows effective responses to online feedback

(University of Plymouth) As more patients leave feedback on online platforms including social media, new research shows how health and social care organisations can offer value in their response. The study was led by University of Plymouth researcher Rebecca Baines and colleagues in collaboration with James Munro at online platform Care Opinion, and they will be sharing the full findings at a webinar on Thursday June 21.

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Virtual reality headsets significantly reduce children's fear of needles

(Florida Atlantic University) Almost anyone can relate to being afraid of needles and injections. A pilot study is the first to use a 3D virtual reality headset to test this tool as a distraction method in a pediatric setting. Children were given the choice of a roller coaster ride, helicopter ride or a hot-air balloon ride. Results show that anticipated versus actual pain and fear were reduced in 94.1 percent of the pediatric study subjects.

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Helicopter parenting may negatively affect children's emotional well-being, behavior

(American Psychological Association) It's natural for parents to do whatever they can to keep their children safe and healthy, but children need space to learn and grow on their own, without Mom or Dad hovering over them, according to new research published by the American Psychological Association. The study, published in the journal Developmental Psychology, found that overcontrolling parenting can negatively affect a child's ability to manage his or her emotions and behavior.

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Lifting of Saudi Arabia's ban on women driving poses policy challenges

(Rice University) This month Saudi Arabia will put an end to its ban on women driving, opening the way for millions of new drivers to navigate a country three times bigger than Texas. While the policy shift provides relief to women who lacked freedom of mobility, the long-term effects of ending the ban are far from clear and will present the Saudi government with several policy challenges, according to an issue brief by experts at Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy.

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Laser-sonic scanner aims to replace mammograms for finding breast cancer

(California Institute of Technology) Lihong Wang, Caltech's Bren Professor of Medical Engineering and Electrical Engineering, has developed a laser-sonic scanning system that can identify breast tumors quickly and safely.

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New 3D imaging analysis technique could lead to improved arthritis treatment

(University of Cambridge) An algorithm to monitor the joints of patients with arthritis, which could change the way that the severity of the condition is assessed, has been developed by a team of engineers, physicians and radiologists led by the University of Cambridge.

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Success is not just how you play your cards, but how you play your opponents

(University of California - Davis) Poker-playing techniques can apply to strategies in many situations. Study can influence scientific approaches to negotiation

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Meat sensitivity spread by ticks linked to heart disease

(University of Virginia Health System) Researchers have linked sensitivity to an allergen in red meat -- a sensitivity spread by tick bites -- with a buildup of fatty plaque in the arteries of the heart. This buildup may increase the risk of heart attacks and stroke.

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Loving the sweet enemy

(Max-Planck-Gesellschaft) Foods rich in fats and carbohydrates stimulate the reward system in the brain particularly strongly.

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When can ads intensify unhealthy cravings?

(Society for Consumer Psychology) Holistic thinkers are more likely to experience cravings for unhealthy food after seeing advertisements that show the product in the context of a situation.

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Society 5.0

(Ruhr-University Bochum) The digital transformation will provide our societies and individuals with tremendous opportunities. Yet, at the same time, unprecedented safety, legal, privacy and ethical issues need to be addressed in order to fully benefit from the given chances. Honoring a topic that is presently hotly debated in Japan and also in Germany the first Science Days are devoted to Society 5.0 - Chances and Risks of Digital Transformation and the Responsibility of Universities.

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Opioid overdose responsible for over 500,000 years of life lost in Ohio

(Ohio University) More than 500,000 years of life expectancy were lost in Ohio during a seven-year period, according to a study conducted by The Ohio Alliance for Innovation in Population Health (OAIPH) -- a collaborative initiative formed by Ohio University's College of Health Sciences and Professions and the University of Toledo's College of Health and Human Services.

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Quality of diet still poor for SNAP participants

(Tufts University, Health Sciences Campus) A new Food-PRICE study finds persistent nutritional disparities within the food choices of those receiving assistance under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) compared to those not receiving SNAP assistance.

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Screening for aortic aneurysms in older men questioned

(University of Gothenburg) Screening programs for aortic aneurysms in the abdomen is now being questioned in a study published in The Lancet. As the condition becomes less common, general ultrasound scans for 65-year-old men may do more harm than good, the researchers assert.

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To share or not to share?

(University of Vienna) When are primary school children willing to share valuable resources with others and when are they not? A team of researchers from the University of Vienna lead by cognitive biologist Lisa Horn investigated this question in a controlled behavioural experiment. The motivation to share seems to be influenced by group dynamical and physiological factors, whereas friendship between the children seems to be largely irrelevant. The results of their study have been published in the journal Scientific Reports.

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Study finds less corruption in countries where more women are in government

(Virginia Tech) The new research is the most comprehensive study on this topic and looks at the implications of the presence of women in other occupations as including the shares of women in the labor force, clerical positions, and decision making positions such as the CEOs and other managerial positions.

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Brain matures faster due to childhood stress

(Radboud University Nijmegen) Stress in early childhood leads to faster maturation of certain brain regions during adolescence. In contrast, stress experienced later in life leads to slower maturation of the adolescent brain. This is the outcome of a long-term study conducted by researchers of Radboud University in which 37 subjects have been monitored for almost 20 years. The findings will be published in Scientific Reports on June 15.

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ICU telemedicine reduces interhospital ICU transfers of critically ill patients

(Elsevier) A new study in the journal CHEST® examined transfers of ICU patients to acute care centers before and after the VA implemented its Tele-ICU program. Investigators found that hospitals using Tele-ICU support experienced a greater reduction in transfers of ICU patients to other facilities than hospitals that did not use the services. Additionally, mortality did not change when more patients were treated locally through Tele-ICU.

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Syringe exchange program played key role in controlling HIV outbreak

(Indiana University) A study by researchers investigating the 2015 HIV outbreak in Scott County, Indiana, found that a syringe services program is an important tool to control and prevent HIV outbreaks among people who inject drugs in a nonurban area.

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Emergency departments help close gaps in opioid abuse and addiction treatment

(American College of Emergency Physicians) Following emergency care for an opioid overdose, an emergency department-facilitated transition to outpatient care is more likely to lead to healthier patient outcomes when it begins with Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) in the emergency department, according to a review of current evidence published in Annals of Emergency Medicine.

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There's Waldo!

(California Institute of Technology) Caltech researchers in collaboration with Cedars-Sinai and West Virginia University have discovered the neurons that activate when a person finds an item they are looking for.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science https://ift.tt/2MoOzzg

Financial literacy linked to lower hospitalization risk in older adults

(Wolters Kluwer Health) Could being more knowledgeable about finances help to keep you out of the hospital? Older adults with higher financial literacy are at lower risk of being hospitalized, reports a study in the July issue of Medical Care. The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.

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Rheumatoid arthritis in pregnancy associated with low birth weight and premature birth

(European League Against Rheumatism) The results of a study presented today at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR 2018) demonstrate that pregnancies in women with rheumatoid arthritis are associated with premature delivery and low birth weight.

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5 new Pew-Stewart Scholars to pursue innovative cancer research

(Pew Charitable Trusts) The Pew Charitable Trusts and the Alexander and Margaret Stewart Trust announced today the 2018 class of Pew-Stewart Scholars for Cancer Research.

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SAGE Publishing authors win Textbook and Academic Authors Association awards

(SAGE) SAGE Publishing is pleased to announce that eight SAGE authors will receive awards from the Textbook and Academic Authors Association (TAA) at their annual conference on Friday, June 15.

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Pew selects 22 scientists to investigate fundamental biomedical questions

(Pew Charitable Trusts) The Pew Charitable Trusts named 22 early-career researchers today as the 2018 class of Pew scholars in the biomedical sciences. The scholars will receive four-year grants to advance their explorations of biological mechanisms underpinning human health and disease.

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Dads often earn more, even if they're not harder workers

(University of British Columbia) When it comes to earning potential, it pays to be a dad, new UBC research suggests.The study, published in the journal Work, Employment and Society, found that men often receive a wage boost when they become fathers -- even if they're not necessarily working harder. In fact, when their work is scrutinized more closely through performance reviews, for example, the researchers found that the wage boost is often reduced or eliminated.

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