Single dose of hallucinogenic drug psilocybin relieves anxiety and depression in patients with advanced cancer

(NYU Langone Medical Center / New York University School of Medicine) When combined with psychological counseling, a single dose of a mind-altering compound contained in psychedelic mushrooms significantly lessens mental anguish in distressed cancer patients for months at a time, according to results of a clinical trial led by researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fTDlEF

Strategy for the Trump administration to expand the role of tax-exempt hospitals

(George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health) A new report recommends that the Trump Administration take action to revise existing Internal Revenue Service policies governing community benefit spending by tax-exempt hospitals in order to encourage greater hospital involvement in activities that can improve health on a community-wide basis.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gAN8Ow

£226 million UK investment in cancer research announced

(Cancer Research UK) Cancer Research UK has announced the largest investment to date into its network of Centres across the UK. £190 million has been committed to 13 Cancer Research UK Centres over the next five years.Additionally, Cancer Research UK and the Departments of Health* are investing £36 million over five years into 18 Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres (ECMCs) for adult patients and also a network of Centres for children**.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gKbHc7

Most people with depression receive inadequate treatment or no care at all

(King's College London) The vast majority of people with depression across the world are not receiving even minimally adequate treatment for their condition, according to a new study of more than 50,000 people in 21 countries by King's College London, Harvard Medical School and the World Health Organization (WHO).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gmrS0Z

JNeurosci: Highlights from the Nov. 30 issue

(Society for Neuroscience) It's a classic moral dilemma: You see a train speeding toward five people tied to the tracks. If you do nothing, they will die. But if you pull a lever, you can divert the train to another track that has only one person tied to it. What do you do? Making a complex moral decision like this engages an area at the front of the brain called the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, or vmPFC.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gySaLb

Geographers provide new insight into commuter megaregions of the US

(Dartmouth College) Geographers from Dartmouth College and the University of Sheffield provide new insight into the economic geography of commuter megaregions in the US, by using an empirical approach that combines visual interpretation with statistical analysis. These emerging 'megaregions' reflect the economic links woven by millions of commuters traveling to and from work each day. The findings appear in 'PLOS One' and shed light on an old geographic problem: how to divide space into coherent unit areas.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fSbp43

Human ancestor 'Lucy' was a tree climber, new evidence suggests

(University of Texas at Austin) Evidence preserved in the internal skeletal structure of the world-famous fossil, Lucy, suggests the ancient human species frequently climbed trees, according to a new analysis by scientists from The Johns Hopkins University and The University of Texas at Austin.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gH1YWg

Study shows thinning of brain tissue remains in college football players

(University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center) A new study from researchers at the University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine, show that even college-level athletes may be vulnerable to the effects of head trauma, and that even several years after graduation, college football players continue to show evidence of neuropathic brain changes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gJvbgX

Analysis of Iron Age ceramics suggests complex pattern of Eastern Mediterranean trade

(PLOS) Cypriot-style pottery may have been locally produced as well as imported and traded in Turkey during the Iron Age, according to a study published Nov. 30, 2016, in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Steven Karacic from Florida State University, USA, and James Osborne of the University of Chicago, USA.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2gywKxS

Bone scans suggest early hominin 'Lucy' spent significant time in trees

(PLOS) Scans of bones from 'Lucy,' the 3.18 million-year-old Australopithecus afarensis fossil, suggest that the relative strength of her arms and legs was in between that of modern chimpanzees and modern humans, according to a study published Nov. 30, 2016, in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Christopher Ruff from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA, and colleagues.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2fRNDVP

International kudos

(University of California - Santa Barbara) Nobel laureate David Gross is recognized by Chinese and Russian science academies for his continuing work in theoretical physics.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fRNulx

Sellers 3.5 times more influential than buyers in driving e-commerce platform growth

(Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences) E-commerce platforms, such as Uber and eBay, face the dilemma of what is more lucrative, supporting the needs of the buyers or the sellers. The belief is it is more important to focus on buyers, who create demand, than on sellers. A forthcoming study in the INFORMS journal Marketing Science, sheds new light on this dilemma with the discovery that sellers are 3.5 times more impactful than buyers in driving growth of e-commerce platforms.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2glk6o6

Preschoolers' expectations shape how they interpret speech

(Association for Psychological Science) When we listen to people speak, we aren't just hearing the sounds they're making, we're also actively trying to infer what they're going to say. When someone misspeaks or is drowned out by background noise, we use our past experience with language to hear what we expect them to say. Adults tend to manage this kind of 'noisy channel' communication fairly easily, but new findings suggest 4- and 5-year-old children show the same adaptive ability.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gKQKN3

New research: Feeling bad has academic benefits

(Concordia University) New research shows that the occasional bout of bad feelings can actually improve students' academic success.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gy50cB

Study finds recipes with hand-washing, temperature reminders improve food safety

(Kansas State University) Kansas State University researchers have discovered the secret ingredient to improving kitchen food safety: include hand-washing reminders and meat thermometer instructions in published recipes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fE1wbO

Authoritarian regimes use rhetoric to legitimize their power

(University of Kansas) Leaders of authoritarian regimes in Central Asia have been able to use rhetoric to define their power as legitimate to the public despite practices of human rights violations and clamping down on dissent, according to a new study by a University of Kansas expert on international relations.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gKzCHo

UT Dallas WindSTAR team works to improve the energy of air

(University of Texas at Dallas) For three consecutive years, the Department of Mechanical Engineering at UT Dallas has received funding from the National Science Foundation to support a center that, in partnership with industry, conducts research to increase the amount of energy the nation gets from wind.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fRx5gG

Online group therapy may be effective treatment for bulimia nervosa

(University of North Carolina Health Care) Results from a new study show that online group therapy can be just as effective as face-to-face treatment, although the pace of recovery may be slower.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gKyS4H

Study examines effect of privacy controls on Facebook behavior

(University of Texas at Dallas) A new study from the Naveen Jindal School of Management at UT Dallas assesses the impact of Facebook's granular privacy controls and its effects on user disclosure behavior.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fRp9w5

Vapors from some flavored e-liquids contain high levels of aldehydes

(American Chemical Society) Traditional cigarettes pose a well-established risk to smokers' health, but the effects of electronic cigarettes are still being determined. Helping to flesh out this picture, researchers are reporting in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology what happens to e-liquid flavorings when they're heated inside e-cigarettes or electronic nicotine-delivery systems. The study found that when converted into a vapor, some flavorings break down into toxic compounds at levels that exceed occupational safety standards.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gxVSF5

Overlooked elements of language and literature play a key role

(The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences) Everything is pointing towards success in unravelling the mysteries inherent in every human language, which for nearly 100 years have been an object of intrigue for mathematicians and linguists working on studies into statistics of literature. New analysis of the frequencies of word occurrence in the most famous works of literature, undertaken at the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Krakow, have shown that our languages are structurally more complex and more exhaustive than they ever before seemed.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fDM5QS

Prescribing of baclofen for alcohol dependence 'should be reconsidered'

(European College of Neuropsychopharmacology) The drug baclofen has received high visibility as a possible breakthrough treatment for alcohol dependence. Now a new randomised controlled trial from the University of Amsterdam found no evidence for the usefulness of high-dose baclofen in treating alcoholism when added to psychosocial treatments.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gKfdSv

Young cancer survivors have twice the risk of suicide

(The University of Bergen) Survivors of cancer diagnosed before the age of 25 had a more than two-fold increased risk of suicide compared to their non-cancer peers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fDzPzZ

Using ecosystem services in municipality planning: Lessons from Sweden

(Pensoft Publishers) In the context of increasing land use and climate change, municipality planning faces a growing challenge finding a sustainable balance between different actions to accommodate citizen's demands of ecosystem services (ES) and development projects. A new study published in the open access journal One Ecosystem explores the usability of ES as a tool for urban planning and explores its compatibility with other existing methods.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fDGXvZ

We like what experts like -- and what is expensive

(University of Vienna) Scientists from the University of Vienna have now shown that the individual taste of art is also dependent on social factors. The personal valuation of art was influenced by who else liked the work -- or not. And even the value of a painting strengthened the subjective feeling of how much a work of art appeals to us. The study was recently published in the international journal 'Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity and the Arts.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gKds88

Sedentary lifestyle may impair academic performance in boys

(University of Eastern Finland) A sedentary lifestyle is linked to poorer reading skills in the first three school years in 6-8 year old boys, according to a new study from Finland.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gVmuDd

Just keep going

(University of the Witwatersrand) Wits University researchers measured resilience in HIV patients objectively for the first time and found that being more resilient did not associate with being more active or having lower pain intensity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fQRoLo

Publishing platform ARPHA partners with Altmetric to track online attention to research

(Pensoft Publishers) With a research output mentioned online every 1.8 seconds, it makes sense for the science community to grow curious of how they could access the knowledge of this public interest to better and build on their work. Journal publishing platform ARPHA (abbreviation for Authoring, Reviewing, Publishing, Hosting, Archiving) is now integrated with Altmetric, meaning that it is now possible to track the online activity around each research output published via ARPHA.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fR3XpQ

Agreement signed between Kumamoto University, Japan and the Institut Pasteur, France

(Kumamoto University) Kumamoto University, Japan and the Institut Pasteur, France held a signing ceremony for institutional cooperation agreement followed by a workshop on reproductive engineering technology at the end of October 2016.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gxzuLJ

Synchronized swimming: How startled fish shoals effectively evade danger

(American Institute of Physics) As panic spreads, an entire shoal (collective) of fish responds to an incoming threat in a matter of seconds, seemingly as a single body, to change course and evade a threatening predator. The ways in which this information spreads and the role played by position dynamics may help us better plan for emergencies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gxpWQT

VTT's spin off company to measure shopping intentions in physical stores

(VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland) VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland has developed a unique solution to measure in-store shopper's intentions. The implementation respects privacy -- no identity information of shoppers is collected. The objective is to start commercial deliveries in spring 2017.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gJRqCn

Partnership of LongeVC and Insilico Medicine to screen for projects maximizing longevity dividend

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Insilico Medicine today announced a research collaboration with LongeVC, a venture fund dedicated to investing in companies targeting aging and age-related diseases. Insilico Medicine's signaling pathway-based analytical methods and deep learned predictors will be used to evaluate the efficacy, adverse effects, and population-specificity of small molecules, antibodies, gene therapy, and other interventions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gwFhBo

Untangling fibril formation and dissociation in Parkinson's disease

(Publicase Comunicação Científica) A new study reveals the pathway into amyloid species formation and neurotoxic seeding mechanism leading to Parkinson's disease.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gI0zg5

Brain training video games help low-vision kids see better

(University of Rochester) A new study by vision scientists at the University of Rochester and Vanderbilt University found that children with poor vision see vast improvement in their peripheral vision after only eight hours of training on kid-friendly video games.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gI0A3v

New guidelines for the investigation of sudden unexpected death in infancy launched

(University of Warwick) National guidance for professionals handling cases of sudden unexpected child death which draws upon University of Warwick expertise are published today.The guidelines, 'Sudden unexpected death in infancy and childhood,' have been published by The Royal College of Pathologists and The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health and draws on research by Dr. Peter Sidebotham and Dr. Joanna Garstang from the University's Warwick Medical School.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gUCwgP

Aerobic exercise preserves brain volume and improves cognitive function

(Radiological Society of North America) Using a new MRI technique, researchers found that adults with mild cognitive impairment who exercised four times a week over a six-month period experienced an increase in brain volume in specific, or local, areas of the brain, but adults who participated in aerobic exercise experienced greater gains than those who just stretched. The study will be presented today at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gI3Xr8

Lack of sleep costing US economy up to $411 billion per year

(RAND Corporation) A lack of sleep among the US working population is costing the economy up to $411 billion a year, which is 2.28 percent of the country's GDP, a new report finds. According to researchers at the not-for-profit research organisation RAND Europe, part of the RAND Corporation, sleep deprivation leads to a higher mortality risk and lower productivity levels among the workforce, putting a significant damper on a nation's economy.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2giT2py

Save the date; Less than 6 months to The International Liver CongressTM 2017

(European Association for the Study of the Liver) We are delighted to invite you to attend the 52nd Annual Congress of EASL, The European Association for the Study of the Liver. The International Liver Congress™ (ILC) 2017 will be held 19-23 April, at the RAI Congress Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.With less than six months to go, media registration for The International Liver CongressTM 2017 is now open!

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g4wo1l

Prohibiting sperm donor anonymity could reduce the number of donors

(Oxford University Press USA) A new study published in the Journal of Law and the Biosciences suggests that prohibiting anonymous sperm donation would result in a decline in the number of donors, and that those willing to donate would likely demand compensation for donation.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gU17lJ

Stop smoking! Quitting at any age reduces the risk of death after 70

(Elsevier Health Sciences) Most studies of cigarette smoking and mortality have focused on middle-aged populations, with fewer studies examining the impact of tobacco cessation on disease and mortality risk among the elderly. A new study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, found that people aged 70 or older currently smoking were more than three times more likely to die than never-smokers, while former smokers were less likely to die the sooner they quit.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gHqyUN

Learning makes animals intelligent

(Stockholm University) The fact that animals can use tools, have self-control and certain expectations of life can be explained with the help of a new learning model for animal behavior. Researchers at Stockholm University and Brooklyn College have combined knowledge from the fields of artificial intelligence, ethology and the psychology of learning to solve several problems concerning the behavior and intelligence of animals.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gHb3eh

New website uses big data to address underrepresentation of women in philosophy

(Binghamton University) A new website created by faculty and students at Binghamton University, State University of New York ranks university philosophy departments and academic journals by gender in order to draw attention to the underrepresentation of women in philosophy.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fzH1x6

Study suggests handwashing compliance in child care facilities is insufficient

(Elsevier Health Sciences) Child care personnel properly clean their hands less than one-quarter of the times they are supposed to, according to a study published in the December issue of the American Journal of Infection Control, the official journal of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ggTaGn

Parents should avoid pressuring young children over grades, ASU study says

(Arizona State University) New research from ASU suggests parents shouldn't obsess over grades and extracurricular activities for young schoolchildren, especially if such ambitions come at the expense of social skills and kindness. Doing so, the study says, can work against helping kids become well-adjusted and successful later in life.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ggW6mi

Neuro Kinetics announces transformational concussion paper published on PLOS ONE

(Neuro Kinetics, Inc.) Neuro Kinetics, Inc. (NKI), the leader in clinical eye-tracking and non-invasive neuro-otologic diagnostic testing, announces the publication of an important study in the field of concussion detection that illustrates the potential clinical utility of an integrated, multi-modal battery of oculomotor, vestibular, and reaction time tests. The study's investigators are from the University of Pittsburgh, San Diego Naval Medical Center, Madigan Army Medical Center, NKI, and the University of Miami School of Medicine.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fNPlrg

Education on personalized diabetes risk doesn't motivate behavior change

(PLOS) People who receive personalized genetic and phenotypic information on their risk of developing diabetes don't significantly increase their physical activity compared to those who get broader, generic information on diabetes, according to a randomized controlled trial of more than 500 healthy adults published in PLOS Medicine by Job Godino from the University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, UK, and colleagues.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fNKnuN

Life before oxygen

(University of Cincinnati) UC geologist uncovers 2.5 billion-year-old fossils of bacteria that predate the formation of oxygen.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2gShxei

Policy changes needed for promoting physical activity in group home settings

(Oregon State University) Increased physical activity for group home residents and the potentially huge health care savings that could come with it hinge on people who run the homes making health-promoting behaviors a priority.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gtrX0x

Young children's spatial talk predicts their spatial abilities

(University of Wisconsin-Madison) University of Wisconsin-Madison researcher Hilary Miller is studying the way 4-year-olds use words to describe spatial relationships. 'At that age, they may have learned words like 'above' and 'below' that adults use often to describe a location,' Miller says. 'But simply knowing the words doesn't necessarily help. They have to know when that kind of information is useful.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fNmcfM

USDA awards $6.7 million for research to support healthy agroecosystems

(National Institute of Food and Agriculture ) The US Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture today announced 18 grants totaling more than $6.7 million for research to discover how components of the agroecosystem from soil, water and sun to plants, animals and people, interact with and affect food production. These awards are made through NIFA's Bioenergy and Natural Resources Program, Agroecosystem priority area of the Agricultural and Food Research Initiative.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gtrb3x

UA researcher explores male perceptions about HPV

(University of Arizona) Maggie Pitts, who found that public messages tended to reinforce perceptions that human papillomavirus, or HPV, was a 'woman's issue,' began investigating male perceptions of HPV and the vaccine. Pitts says women are most likely getting HPV from their male sexual partners, yet males are an important and overlooked population in HPV prevention.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gFLX0r

China's 'missing girls' theory likely far overblown, study shows

(University of Kansas) A study by a University of Kansas researcher has found that "wink-wink" agreements at the local level allowed families to have girls unregistered with the census under China's one-child law, and that there likely aren't 30 million 'missing girls' from the Chinese population.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gSgCL0

Sustainable Development Goals lead to lower population growth

(International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis) Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals would significantly slow population growth, according to a new study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gSeDpV

Amphetamine may slow rise of body temperature and mask fatigue to enhance endurance, study finds

(Georgia State University) Amphetamine may slow down the rise of temperature in the body and mask fatigue, which could allow athletes to run significantly longer but result in potentially dangerous overheating of muscles, according to a study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gFFVgf

Marijuana use gender gap widens, mainly among low-income Americans

(Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health) A new study found that the prevalence of past-year marijuana use increased for both men and women between 2002 and 2014. More men reported past-year use than women, but since 2007, the rate of increase was greater for men than for women, leading to a widening of the gender gap in marijuana use over time. An estimated 6 million additional men and 4 million additional women used marijuana in 2014 compared to 2002.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gFGBCx

Link found between epilepsy drugs and birth defects

(University of Liverpool) A joint study conducted by researchers from the universities of Liverpool and Manchester has found a link between birth defects and certain types of epilepsy medication.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gF5Ofe

Subsidized housing works better for some kids than others

(Johns Hopkins University) Living in subsidized housing seems to give a boost to children with high standardized test scores and few behavior problems, but it has the opposite effect on students who score poorly and have behavioral issues, a new study finds.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fyoLnu

Inequality and social exclusion drive mental health problems in northern India

(Umea University) A survey of nearly 1000 households in the north Indian state of Uttarakhand showed that six percent of adults were identified as depressed. People were two or three times more likely to be depressed if they were from the most socially oppressed castes, had taken a recent loan, lived in poor quality housing or had not completed primary school. This is according to research from Umeå University.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gF1EUu

For refugees seeking asylum, medical exams are in short supply

(University of Michigan Health System) A new study shows how physicians and mental health professionals can play a crucial, objective role in the process by which refugees apply for asylum in the US, by documenting the scars of physical and emotional abuse. But the study also highlights how many more such exams are needed.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gt4Nra

1 in 7 people living with HIV in the EU/EEA are not aware of their HIV status

(European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) ) Almost 30,000 newly diagnosed HIV infections were reported by the 31 European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries in 2015, according to data published today by ECDC and the WHO Regional Office for Europe. This is similar to the observed notification trends in the last decade. One reason for this persistent HIV epidemic: ECDC estimates that currently around 122,000 people living with HIV across the region are unaware of their infection.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gfz5Ac

Bad timing is depressing: Disrupting the brain's internal clock causes depressive-like behavior in mice

(Elsevier) Disruptions of daily rhythms of the body's master internal clock cause depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice, reports a new study in Biological Psychiatry. The findings provide insight into the role of the brain's internal time keeping system in the development of mood disorders, such as bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, which have been associated with disturbed daily (circadian) rhythms.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gsPVsU

Ready for takeoff

(Inderscience Publishers) Nervous flyers and crew alike would prefer jet airliners not to vibrate so much at take off. Research published in the International Journal of Aerodynamics points to blue skies thinking that might explain the phenomenon and find ways to reduce the safety and image problems associated with this troubling aircraft noise.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gC45ec

New clinical trial reveals specific milk protein may boost body’s defenses against degenerative diseases

(Pollock Communications) Milk containing only the A2 type protein is shown to increase a key health-promoting antioxidant in adult men and women.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gFaN0D

Toddlers may know when you are not telling the truth, say Singapore and US experts

(Nanyang Technological University) A new study has shown that toddlers as young as two-and-a-half years old can understand when others have different thoughts from them -- much earlier than the age of 4 as traditionally thought. This suggests that children may know when adults are lying or pretending.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gRSCaJ

Yale-NUS professor's discovery of alarm response in medaka fish furthers analysis of fear

(Yale-NUS College) Yale-NUS Assistant Professor of Science Dr. Ajay Mathuru has discovered that the medaka fish has an 'alarm response' to a type of semiochemical released due to physical injuries sustained by another member of its kind.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gFaKly

Daily reminders to increase calcium intake are effective

(University of British Columbia Okanagan campus) Mary Jung, an assistant professor of health and exercise sciences at UBC's Okanagan campus, recently completed a nationwide study with more than 730 Canadians who were not meeting Canada's recommended dietary intake for calcium. Participants received an email -- with evidence-based daily tips and strategies on how to increase calcium intake -- four days in a row.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gBRaJk

Brain pattern flexibility and behavior

(University of Miami) The scientists analyzed an extensive data set of brain region connectivity from the NIH-funded Human Connectome Project (HCP) which is mapping neural connections in the brain and makes its data publicly available.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gFcriJ

NIJ grant to develop investigative tool for counterfeit bills

(Sam Houston State University) Patrick Buzzini of Sam Houston State University received a National Institute of Justice grant to develop chemical signatures for counterfeit currency or questioned documents produced with inkjet printers that can help lead investigators back to the source. Buzzini is collaborating with the US Secret Service on the project.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gfugqy

This is your brain on God: Spiritual experiences activate brain reward circuits

(University of Utah Health Sciences) Religious and spiritual experiences activate the brain reward circuits in much the same way as love, sex, gambling, drugs and music, report researchers at the University of Utah School of Medicine. The findings will be published Nov. 29 in the journal Social Neuroscience.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fLSmbA

Depression in soldiers linked to brain disruption from injury

(Radiological Society of North America) Using multiple brain imaging techniques, researchers have found that a disruption of the circuitry in the brain's cognitive-emotional pathways may provide a physical foundation for depression symptoms in some service members who have suffered mild traumatic brain injury in combat. The researchers will present their findings today at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2grNEOB

Alcohol consumption shows no effect on coronary arteries

(Radiological Society of North America) Researchers using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) have found no association between light to moderate alcohol consumption and coronary artery disease (CAD), according to a study being presented today at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fLQsba

Ants communicate by mouth-to-mouth fluid exchange

(eLife ) Liquids shared mouth-to-mouth by social insects contain proteins and small molecules that can influence the development and organization of their colonies, according to new findings published in eLife.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fLyJkb

Sometimes just watching hurts -- and the signs of pain are seen in the brain

(Aalto University) Some people claim to experience pain just watching something painful to happen. In complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) patients, both own movements and observing other persons' movements may aggravate the pain. Researchers found that when CRPS patients feel pain caused by observing other person's movements, their brains display abnormal activation in many areas that respond to normal physical pain. Thus the pain the CRPS patients felt during movement observation presented similarities to the 'normal' pain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fL2a5z

New guidelines aim to improve understanding of scientific data

(University of East Anglia) Researchers from University of East Anglia have produced new guidelines aimed at improving the communication and understanding of scientific data -- using knowledge of how the human brain processes visual and written information.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fK37LK

Does hormonal contraception alleviate premenstrual symptoms?

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) The results of a new study designed to compare the severity and timing of perimenstrual symptoms among women who do or do not use cyclic hormonal contraception are reported in Journal of Women's Health.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fYuJu3

When judging other people, first impressions last

(Cornell University) A well-known saying urges people to 'not judge a book by its cover.' But people tend to do just that -- even after they've skimmed a chapter or two, according to Cornell University research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gCYCkY

Taking a closer look at online social networking and depression

(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) While frequency and duration of online social networking may have a negative effect on mental health outcomes such as depression, a new systematic review suggests that the relationship between online social networking and depression is more complex. In fact, not only may how a person uses sites such as Facebook and Twitter be more important factors, but for some people, social networking may serve as a resource for managing depression, thereby contributing to more positive outcomes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gPCTcv

UTSW researchers' international study zeros in on gene that limits desire to drink alcohol

(UT Southwestern Medical Center) In the largest study of its kind, UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers and colleagues in Europe identified a gene variant that suppresses the desire to drink alcohol.

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Missed connections

(University of California - Santa Barbara) UCSB scientists demonstrate that as people age, their brains adopt new strategies for memory-related tasks.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gCRRPP

Wives with a 'soul mate' view of marriage are less likely to volunteer, study finds

(Baylor University) Wives who have a romantic view of marriage are less likely to do volunteer work, leading their husbands to volunteer less as well. But husbands' romantic view of marriage was associated with neither their own nor their wives' volunteering, according to a Baylor University study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fucXTo

Program helps teens 'get the message' about distracted driving

(Wolters Kluwer Health) A program to educate teens about distracted driving -- including a tour of a hospital trauma center and testimony from a trauma survivor -- can increase awareness of the dangers of texting, cell phone use, and other distractions while driving, reports a study in the Journal of Trauma Nursing, official publication of the Society of Trauma Nurses.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fucArZ

Prevention program safeguards children's brains from effects of poverty

(University of Georgia) Participation in a prevention program shown to remove the effects of poverty on brain development, according to 14-year study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fXZkIk

It takes less than a second to tell humans from androids

(University of California - Berkeley) It can be hard to tell the difference between humans and androids in such sci-fi TV shows as 'Westworld.' But in real life, beyond our screens, the human brain takes less than a second to tell between reality and fantasy, according to new research from the University of California, Berkeley.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fY31xC

UT professor develops algorithm to improve online mapping of disaster areas

(University of Tennessee at Knoxville) Yingjie Hu, UT assistant professor of geography, has developed an algorithm to improve online mapping of disaster areas.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fFpwX2

Secret phenotypes: Disease devils in invisible details

(Georgia Institute of Technology) The human eye often falls short in the hunt for faint genetic drivers that raise the risk of devastating neurological diseases such as autism and schizophrenia. But little eludes a microscope optic attached to a computer, and algorithms that can relate previously hidden phenotypes to subtle genetic mutations.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gPk2hJ

Bullying rates remain higher for children with disabilities, even as they mature

(University of Missouri-Columbia) A University of Missouri researcher and bullying expert has determined that children with disabilities are victimized by bullying at a much higher rate over time than their peers without disabilities.

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Engineering success

(University of California - Santa Barbara) Academically strong, low-income would-be engineers get the boost they need to complete their undergraduate degrees.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gCArDg

Warwick and Waitrose tackle global food security together

(University of Warwick) Food security is at the heart of a new doctoral training collaboration between the University of Warwick and Waitrose, thanks to an award from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gbEw36

It's all in the eyes: Women and men really do see things differently

(Queen Mary University of London) Women and men look at faces and absorb visual information in different ways, which suggests there is a gender difference in understanding visual cues, according to a team of scientists that included psychologists from Queen Mary University of London.

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Young toddlers can tell when others hold false beliefs, study finds

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) A new study finds that, under the right conditions, 2 1/2-year-old children can answer questions about people acting on false beliefs, an ability that most researchers believe does not develop until age 4.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fFfwgE

IU study finds activity trackers can work when paired with wellness coaching

(Indiana University) While critics have debated the effectiveness of activity trackers, a recent study by faculty in the IU School of Public Health-Bloomington found activity trackers can work, if paired with wellness coaching. The study was published in the American College of Sports Medicine's Health and Fitness Journal.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fFcUz6

Modern hunter-gatherers show value of exercise

(University of Arizona) The Hadza, one of the last hunter-gatherer populations on Earth, meet the US government's weekly physical activity recommendations in just two days, and their risk for cardiovascular disease is extremely low, according to research by University of Arizona anthropologist David Raichlen.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gz12Dx

An exercise in good health

(Queen's University) A new Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association led by Queen's University professor Robert Ross provides unequivocal evidence to confirm that cardiorespiratory fitness, a reflection of overall cardiovascular health, should be measured in clinical practice to provide additional information for patient management.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ftrj6q

Comparing gait parameters can predict decline in memory and thinking

(Mayo Clinic) A Mayo Clinic study recently published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease found that problems associated with gait can predict a significant decline in memory and thinking.

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Defining immortality of stem cells to identify novel anti-aging mechanisms

(University of Cologne) With age, somatic cells such as neurons lose their ability to maintain the quality of their protein content. Pluripotent stem cells, on the contrary, do not age and have increased mechanism to maintain the integrity of their proteins. Researchers from CECAD, the Cluster of Excellence on Aging Research based at the University of Cologne, defined the mechanisms underlying increased protein quality control of pluripotent stem cells. Their research was published in Nature Communications on Nov. 28.

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Power poses don't help and could potentially backfire, Penn study shows

(University of Pennsylvania) The idea behind power poses, that if you stand in a 'powerful' position, broad posture, hands on hips, shoulders high and pushed back, you will suddenly feel psychologically and physiologically stronger, is intuitively appealing, especially for people without much confidence. The problem is that it's simply not true, according to a new Penn study.

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Electro-acupuncture for disrupted sleep in women with breast cancer

(The North American Menopause Society (NAMS)) It's somewhat of a little-known adverse effect of having breast cancer, but studies suggest that approximately 30 percent to 40 percent of women with breast cancer report persistent hot flashes. Nocturnal hot flashes are among the most problematic because they can contribute to poor sleep.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gbhbyg

Physical-environment checklist leads to sharp drop in inpatient suicides in VA

(Veterans Affairs Research Communications) The Mental Health Environment of Care Checklist, put in place at Veterans Affairs hospitals in 2007, has led to a sharp reduction in inpatient suicides, says a new VA study.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gbpHxi

Report highlights coffee's potential role in reducing cognitive decline

(Kaizo) A new report from the Institute for Scientific Information on Coffee (ISIC), a not-for-profit organisation devoted to the study and disclosure of science related to coffee and health, highlights the potential role of coffee consumption in reducing the risk of cognitive decline.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fXpsDj

Measures of inflammation in blood tests may help predict risk of disease and death

(Canadian Medical Association Journal) A new study looking at deaths from cancer, cardiovascular disease and all causes suggests that an inflammatory marker detected in blood tests in middle-aged adults can better predict the risk of death compared with another similar biomarker. The study is published in CMAJ.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gCnAkk

Immune system influenced by social status, but access to resources not to blame

(University of Montreal) Low social status alone can alter immune regulation, even in the absence of variation in access to resources, health care, and at-risk behaviors for health. This is the conclusion of a new Canadian-American study published in Science.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gb8hB5

Researcher suggests kratom may have medical benefit as opioid alternative

(American Osteopathic Association) Anecdotal evidence and current scientific research indicate kratom may have a medical benefit as an alternative to opioids. This special report, to publish in the JAOA, highlights how a DEA ban on kratom would stifle scientific understanding of the herb's active chemical components and documented pharmacologic properties. The plant, indigenous to Southeast Asia, has been used for centuries to relieve fatigue, pain, cough and diarrhea and aid in opioid withdrawal.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fXcSny

Springer Nature provides Italian universities hit by earthquake free access to electronic content

(Springer) Springer Nature will open its digital resources to two Italian universities affected by the earthquakes of this past August and October. In addition to the journal titles to which they already subscribe, Università degli Studi di Camerino and Università degli Studi di Macerata will gain access to all Springer and Nature journals until the end of June 2017. All researchers, teaching staff and students at the two universities will benefit from the offer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fXpY48

New approach needed in way Tourette's syndrome is portrayed, research shows

(University of Kent) Media stereotypes of people with Tourette's syndrome are leading to the stigmatizing of adolescents with the condition by their peers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2goiIP5

Hyperuricemia is associated with musculoskeletal pain

(Bentham Science Publishers) Episodes of diffuse musculoskeletal pain appearing in and around a joint region without a clear diagnosis, etiology and therapy are still a major problem in general medical practice. Our cross-sectional study addresses the question of whether slightly elevated urate levels are associated with musculoskeletal pain.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gzBmmn

OIST researchers awarded grant to create new startup company

(Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University) A START grant will enable the transfer of energy-producing wastewater treatment technology from the laboratory to industry.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fsOoX1

Testing early warning signals for crises, in lakes

(Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW)) Wouldn't it be great to tell the state of an (eco)system -- healthy or heading for a crisis -- by keeping track of just a few key signals? The theory of 'tipping points' may help us out. A team led by Alena Gsell of the Netherlands Institute of Ecology has tested early warning signals: in lakes. In the early edition of PNAS online, they conclude that predicting works but not in all cases yet.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gzrNEh

UK launch of new Club of Rome report: 'Reinventing Prosperity'

(University of Surrey) A new report from the Club of Rome is to be launched today. 'Reinventing Prosperity' by Graeme Maxton and Jørgen Randers focuses on three endemic social challenges -- inequality, unemployment and climate change -- and offers 13 radical policy solutions for industrialized countries to address these problems.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gzxkKO

Defining conservation priorities in tropical and biodiversity-rich countries

(University of Nottingham) Prioritizing conservation actions in Peninsular Malaysia and biodiversity hotspots, guided by science and in consultation with key stakeholders.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fsLmSu

Depression in young people affects the stomach, anxiety the skin

(University of Basel) Mental disorders and physical diseases frequently go hand in hand. For the first time, psychologists at the University of Basel and Ruhr University Bochum have identified temporal patterns in young people: arthritis and diseases of the digestive system are more common after depression, while anxiety disorders tend to be followed by skin diseases.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gzscGC

Why are black men missing from prostate cancer research?

(ecancermedicalscience) Black men are three times more likely to develop prostate cancer than other demographics, yet black men are consistently underrepresented in research studies, say researchers from King's College London in a new paper published in ecancermedicalscience.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fIHyLp

Edible dormice: The older they get the more they rejuvenate their cells

(University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna) The shortening of telomeres in cells was thought to be an important biomarker for lifespan and aging. The edible dormouse (Glis glis), a small hibernating rodent, now turns everything upside down. In contrast to humans and other animals, telomere length in the edible dormouse significantly increases in the second half of its life, as researchers from Vetmeduni Vienna found out just recently. The study was published in Scientific Reports.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gzouNr

Game theory provides new insight on spreading environmentally conscious behavior

(International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis) The simple act of exchanging information can influence people to change their actions to protect the environment, according to a new study that links game theory with psychological science.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fsAjZE

Vestibular function declines starting at age 40

(Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary) A new study led by researchers at Massachusetts Eye and Ear found that vestibular thresholds begin to double every 10 years above the age of 40, representing a decline in our ability to receive sensory information about motion, balance and spatial orientation. The report was published online ahead of print in Frontiers in Neurology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gndmUg

Electronic prescribing of high-risk meds may contribute to falls in elderly

(Wiley) Certain medications are considered high risk in elders. In a recent study of 287 individuals ?65 years who experienced a fall while hospitalized at an urban academic hospital, 62 percent of falls occurred in patients in whom high risk medications had been administered within the 24 hours before the fall.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gx81wF

'English votes for English laws' has not given England a voice in parliament, study finds

(Queen Mary University of London) 'English votes for English laws' (EVEL) has not enhanced England's voice in the UK Parliament, according a 12-month study by researchers at Queen Mary University of London (QMUL). The study says that "greater attention should be paid to the challenge of enhancing England's voice in the UK parliament".

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fGsrlT

Upward mobility boosts immunity in monkeys

(Duke University) The richest and poorest Americans differ in life expectancy by more than a decade. Health inequalities across the socioeconomic spectrum are often attributed to medical care and lifestyle habits. But a study of rhesus monkeys shows the stress of life at the bottom can impact immunity even in the absence of other risk factors. Infection sends immune cells of low-ranking monkeys into overdrive, but social mobility can turn things around, researchers report in Science.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fvVYyz

Building stress-resistant memories

(American Association for the Advancement of Science) Though it's widely assumed that stress zaps a person's ability to recall memory, it doesn't have that effect when memory is tested immediately after a taxing event, and when subjects have engaged in a highly effective learning technique, a new study reports.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fvSAn8

Practice testing protects memory against stress

(Tufts University, Health Sciences Campus) Learning by taking practice tests, a strategy known as retrieval practice, can protect memory against the negative effects of stress, report scientists from Tufts University. 'Our results suggest that it is not necessarily a matter of how much or how long someone studies, but how they study.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fvSNGN

Alcohol may increase risk of some types of stroke but not others

(BioMed Central) Light and moderate alcohol consumption of up to two drinks per day is associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke but seems to have no effect on a person's risk of hemorrhagic stroke, according to a study published in the open access journal BMC Medicine. High-to-heavy drinking was found to be associated with increased risk of all stroke types.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ft8wXf

Antarctic explorers help make discovery -- 100 years after their epic adventures

(European Geosciences Union) Heroes of Antarctic exploration have played a crucial role in research that suggests the area of sea ice around Antarctica has barely changed in size in 100 years. Ice observations recorded in the ships' logbooks of explorers such as Captain Robert Scott have been used to compare where the Antarctic ice edge was during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration (1897-1917) and where satellites show it is today. The results are published in The Cryosphere.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g5zd2I

Should parents lie to children about Santa?

(University of Exeter) In an essay in the Lancet Psychiatry, psychologist Christopher Boyle and mental health researcher Kathy McKay question the benefits of making children believe in Father Christmas.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g5rPEg

Creative activities promote day-to-day wellbeing

(University of Otago) Everyday creative activity may lead to an 'upward spiral' of increased wellbeing and creativity in young adults, new research from New Zealand's University of Otago suggests. In their study, Department of Psychology researchers asked 658 university students to keep a daily diary of their experiences and emotional states over 13 days. After analysing the diaries the researchers, led by Dr. Tamlin Conner, found a pattern of the participants feeling more enthusiasm and higher 'flourishing' than usual following days when they were more creative.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gCaNkP

Study suggests that parental health behaviors may influence children's sleep

(American Academy of Sleep Medicine) A new study indicates that children's sleep duration may be influenced by parental sleep duration and confidence, which suggests that efforts to address insufficient sleep among children may require family-based interventions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fSiTEQ

Internet of Things (IoT) will demand a step-change in search solutions

(University of Surrey) A recent article published in IEEE Intelligent Systems highlights the requirements the IoT will place on search engines and brings together the latest research being carried out in this field.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gBJZRx

Greater job satisfaction for transgender employees

(Portland State University) Transgender individuals in the workplace can sometimes feel stigmatized, either through the actions and attitudes of their coworkers, or through their own fears of being treated as an 'other.' But recent research from Larry Martinez at Portland State University shows that the experiences of employees who transition genders is highly dependent on the interactions they have with their coworkers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gBSNXP

Diet quality low but steadily improving among US kids

(Brown University) An analysis of diet quality among more than 38,000 US children shows that nutrition for the nation’s kids has been getting steadily better in recent years, but what they eat is still far from ideal and disparities persist by income, race and receipt of government food assistance.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gBWjRJ

Missed connections: As people age, memory-related brain activity loses cohesion

(PLOS) Groups of brain regions that synchronize their activity during memory tasks become smaller and more numerous as people age, according to a study published in PLOS Computational Biology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gmGLi5

Malaria elimination in Sub-Saharan Africa predicted to be possible under right conditions

(PLOS) Malaria elimination in historically high transmission areas like southern Africa is possible with tools that are already available, provided those tools are deployed aggressively -- according to new research published in PLOS Computational Biology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gBTVdX

The eye has it: Vitreous gel could hold clues to visual impairment

(Rochester Institute of Technology) Research is underway at Rochester Institute of Technology that will give scientists a better understanding of the vitreous humor, or gel, that fills the eye and could lead to advances in the treatment of vision disorders, drug delivery and eye surgery. RIT biophysicist Moumita Das is leading a National Science Foundation-funded study to explore properties critical to the function of the vitreous and the eye.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ghL6p8

JNeurosci: Highlights From the Nov. 23 issue

(Society for Neuroscience) Check out these newsworthy studies from the Nov. 23, 2016, issue of JNeurosci.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fFUcbs

Your dog remembers what you did

(Cell Press) People have a remarkable ability to remember and recall events from the past, even when those events didn't hold any particular importance at the time they occurred. Now, researchers reporting in the journal Current Biology on Nov. 23 have evidence that dogs have that kind of 'episodic memory' too.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gkGlZP

Suicide rates drop among members of White Mountain Apache tribe

(Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health) Deaths by suicide among the White Mountain Apache in Arizona dropped by nearly 40 percent between 2006 and 2012 compared to the previous six-year period, new research from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the tribe finds.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fRzZCP

Active-duty military find PTSD relief through individual cognitive therapy

(Duke University Medical Center) Although both group and individual therapy can ease post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in active-duty military service members, individual therapy relieved PTSD symptoms better and quicker, according to a study led by a Duke University School of Medicine researcher.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2glVKsD

Study suggests home-based telemental health delivers better quality of life for veterans

(Medical University of South Carolina) Home-based telemental health for depression is well received by patients and delivers as good a quality of life as in-person visits, according to the results of a clinical trial in 241 depressed elderly veterans reported in the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry by investigators at the Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gksUJm

ASH announces 2017 Scholar Award recipients

(American Society of Hematology) The American Society of Hematology today announced the recipients of its 2017 Scholar Awards. One of ASH's most prestigious award programs, the ASH Scholar Awards financially support fellows and junior faculty dedicated to careers in hematology research as they transition from training programs to careers as independent investigators.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2frq4TF

Study in rats finds low blood alcohol levels have no effect on total calories consumed

(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Laboratory rats will drink alcohol if it's available, and may even get a little tipsy, researchers report in a new study. But they won't voluntarily drink until they're drunk. And while ethanol is calorie-rich, rats that drink it eat less food and their total energy intake remains steady, the research team found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gkpjLv

Long-term remuneration of German board members could have a more lasting effect

(Goethe University Frankfurt) In Dax and MDax-listed companies, long-term remuneration generally takes the shape of cash and not shares, reveals a study by PwC and Goethe University Frankfurt.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2frlmoW

Sealing properties and its influence factors of spherical mechanical seal

(Bentham Science Publishers) The spherical mechanical seal which can automatically adjust the contact state of sealing surfaces is proposed to replace the frequently used plane mechanical seal in order to solve the problems that when a marine stern shaft is bent with shafting misalignment and stern bearing wear factors, etc., the sealing properties of a plane mechanical seal is declined with the increase of both contact pressure and temperature of sealing surface.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fRiwdw

DNA influences selection of partners for educational achievement

(University of East Anglia) A study co-led by the University of East Anglia has found that people with genes for high educational achievement tend to marry, and have children with, people with similar DNA.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g3mtJA

Crowdsourced data can help researchers study earthquakes

(Wiley) A new study on how people feel the effects of earthquakes illustrates the value that members of the public can add to the scientific research process.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gB40HW

Future PM2.5 air pollution over China

(Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) There is a long way to go to mitigate future PM2.5 pollution in China based on the emission scenarios. At the same time, the consequent warming from reduced aerosols is also significant and inevitable.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gKCgBO

Research finds sharing, cooperation key to Arctic villages

(University of Alaska Fairbanks) New analytical methods were used to look at subsistence research data from three Arctic communities. The analysis looked at the effects of removing particular households, crews, social connections or resources from the communities' subsistence systems. The analysis found that 'the principal challenge to the robustness of such communities is the loss of key households and the erosion of cultural ties linked to sharing and cooperative social relations rather than resource depletion.'

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gKL6iH

Adding ADHD drug to therapy improves cognitive outcomes in traumatic brain injury patients

(Indiana University) A combination of the stimulant drug methylphenidate with a process known as cognitive-behavioral rehabilitation is a promising option to help people who suffer from persistent cognitive problems following traumatic brain injury, researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have reported.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g0ywYl

Despite upbeat headlines, Detroit still reeling

(Michigan State University) Reports of Detroit's revival may be premature. Despite the news media's portrayal of Motown as a comeback kid, most revitalization is occurring in a small swath of the city's core, while the rest of Detroit continues to decline, finds a new study led by a Michigan State University scholar.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fmA65i

Photography-based therapy offers new approach to healing for sexual assault survivors

(University of Missouri-Columbia) Abigail Rolbiecki, Ph.D., a researcher at the University of Missouri School of Medicine, says that photovoice interventions, where participants express their thoughts and feelings through photos, combined with traditional PTSD treatments, could result in a more complete recovery for survivors of sexual assault.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2f3RtfO

Mothers' early support boosts children's later math achievement

(Society for Research in Child Development) Many young children can count from 1 to 10 without understanding the meaning of the numbers they're counting. A new study published in the journal Child Develoment explores how mothers can support their young children's math learning.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g0bNLU

Largest study of its kind finds rare genetic variations linked to schizophrenia

(University of California - San Diego) Genetic variations that increase schizophrenia risk are rare, making it difficult to study their role. To overcome this, the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, an international team led by Jonathan Sebat, Ph.D., at University of California San Diego School of Medicine, analyzed the genomes of more than 41,000 people in the largest study of its kind to date. Their study, published Nov. 21 in Nature Genetics, reveals regions of the genome where mutations increase schizophrenia risk.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gHf7Qn

Yogic breathing helps fight major depression, Penn study shows

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) A breathing-based meditation practice known as Sudarshan Kriya yoga helped alleviate severe depression in people who did not fully respond to antidepressant treatments, reports a new study published today in the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry from researchers in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ghbbCD

Precise nerve stimulation via electrode implants offers new hope for paralysis patients

(Oregon State University) Patients with spinal cord injuries might one day regain use of paralyzed arms and legs thanks to research that demonstrates how limbs can be controlled via a tiny array of implanted electrodes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gHaar9

Turkeys were a major part of ancestral Pueblo life

(Washington State University) While the popular notion of the American Thanksgiving is less than 400 years old, the turkey has been part of American lives for more than 2,000 years. But for much of that time, the bird was more revered than eaten.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2giCXOR

Turkeys were a major part of ancestral Pueblo life

(Washington State University) While the popular notion of the American Thanksgiving is less than 400 years old, the turkey has been part of American lives for more than 2,000 years. But for much of that time, the bird was more revered than eaten.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2giCXOR

Thanksgiving dinner's carbon footprint: A state-by-state comparison

(Carnegie Mellon University) The environmental impact of your Thanksgiving dinner depends on where the meal is prepared.Carnegie Mellon University researchers calculated the carbon footprint of a typical Thanksgiving feast -- roasted turkey stuffed with sausage and apples, green bean casserole and pumpkin pie -- for each state. The team based their calculations on the way the meal is cooked (gas versus electric range), the specific state's predominant power source and how the food is produced in each area.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gh3g8r

Mark Chance, vice dean for research, named AAAS fellow

(Case Western Reserve University) Mark R. Chance, PhD, vice dean for research at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, has been named a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gyr1vd

Study to examine if music-based play helps young cancer patients and their parents

(Indiana University) An Indiana University School of Nursing researcher has been awarded $1.4 million to determine if a music therapy intervention can be used to manage acute distress in young cancer patients ages 3 to 8 and their parents.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2f3hKLt

Men have a lot to learn about their own fertility

(McGill University) The first large-scale study of its kind has revealed that Canadian men generally lack knowledge about the risk factors contributing to male infertility. Research led by Dr. Phyllis Zelkowitz, head of psychosocial research at the Lady Davis Institute of the Jewish General Hospital, found that men could only identify about 50% of the potential risks and medical conditions that are detrimental to their sperm count and, thus, their prospects to father children.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gGMVNP

Most nursing home patients refuse dental care during stay, UB study concludes

(University at Buffalo) Nearly 90 percent of patients at long-term care facilities don't take advantage of dental services, even when they are free, a recent study by University at Buffalo researchers has found.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fZsRll

Do children inherently want to help others?

(Society for Research in Child Development) A new special section of the journal Child Development includes a collection of ten empirical articles and one theoretical article focusing on the predictors, outcomes, and mechanisms related to children's motivations for prosocial actions, such as helping and sharing.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gcKkGj

Black-white earnings gap returns to 1950 levels

(Duke University) After years of progress, the median earnings gap between black and white men has returned to what it was in 1950, according to new research by economists from Duke University and the University of Chicago. The experience of African-American men is not uniform, though: the earnings gap between black men with a college education and those with less education is at an all-time high, the authors say.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gyk65f

Palliative care improves quality of life, lessens symptoms

(University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences) People living with serious illness who receive palliative care have better quality of life and fewer symptoms than those who don't receive it.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gGKvyz

Palliative care helpful for cancer patients receiving bone marrow transplants

(Massachusetts General Hospital) Integrating palliative care into the treatment of patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation - commonly known as bone marrow transplantation -- for cancers like leukemia and lymphoma can improve their quality of life, relieve symptoms associated with the procedure, and reduce depression and anxiety.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gif9KT

Palliative care has beneficial effect on quality of life following stem cell transplantation

(The JAMA Network Journals) Among patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the use of inpatient palliative care compared with standard transplant care resulted in a smaller decrease in quality of life two weeks after transplantation, according to a study appearing in the Nov. 22/29 issue of JAMA.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gif7CL

Study examines rates, causes of emergency department visits for adverse drug events

(The JAMA Network Journals) The prevalence of emergency department visits for adverse drug events in the United States was estimated to be four per 1,000 individuals in 2013 and 2014, and the most common drug classes involved were anticoagulants, antibiotics, diabetes agents, and opioid analgesics, according to a study appearing in the Nov. 22/29 issue of JAMA.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gGKE4Y

Hope for people who struggle after suffering brain trauma

(Springer) Pharmacological therapy combined with a rehabilitation program that teaches how to compensate for memory and attention problems offers new hope for people who suffer the consequences of traumatic brain injury. Such a combined approach may even improve their brain functioning months and years after the initial trauma, says Brenna McDonald of the Indiana School of Medicine in the US, lead author of a study¹ published in Springer Nature's journal Neuropsychopharmacology².

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ggCGvY

New open access journal Rethinking Ecology publishes novel ideas under Pensoft's imprint

(Pensoft Publishers) Only through new ideas and hypotheses can global issues such as climate change and biodiversity loss be addressed. However, few scientists share their most innovative ideas, often because publishing bold ideas prior to fully testing them is very difficult. This is where the novel open access peer-reviewed journal Rethinking Ecology comes in. Adding to its innovative nature, it joins the modern technologically advanced Pensoft journals published on next-generation platform ARPHA.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fnz4tb

AGS sets sights on better care, more responsive policies for 'unbefriended' older adults

(American Geriatrics Society) Experts at the American Geriatrics Society (AGS) today unveiled new guidance on care and decision-making for a unique and growing group of older adults: the 'unbefriended.' Proposed clinical practice and public policy changes would support some of society's most vulnerable individuals while also helping protect more of us from becoming unbefriended as we age.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2ggz3q6

Do stress and strain lead to deviant behavior?

(Springer) Chances are good that youngsters growing up around family members who gamble will also start doing so to release the strains of daily living. This is not necessarily true for adolescents whose family members find their escape in alcohol or drugs. Romy Greco and Antonietta Curci of the Libera University SS Maria Assunta (LUMSA) in Italy conducted the research, which appears in Springer's Journal of Gambling Studies.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gdOpxF

Could green façades cool down cities in the future

(Pensoft Publishers) Predictions for temperature rise and the particular sensitivity of urban ecosystems to heat stress pose a pressure to find the best solution for mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Could green façades be a sustainable and easy to implement strategy to keep our cities cool? A new study uses the method of Bayesian networks to assess the applicability of this nature-based solution, within the context of the urban environment of Berlin.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gdKEYV

Better surveillance and more cohesive policies needed against Rift Valley fever outbreaks

(Umea University) Research on the mosquito-borne Rift Valley fever in east Africa and the Arabian Peninsula shows that current surveillance systems are unable to detect the virus in livestock before it spreads to humans. A coherent policy is needed to combat the viral disease, which has the potential to spread to previously unaffected areas, according to studies at Umeå University in Sweden.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fBDHNy

Rallies, protests, and Black Friday: Physics finds dangers hiding in plain sight

(Uppsala University) Inspired by the way people move at heavy metal concerts, an international team of researchers from Uppsala University and Harvard University have learned how to spot danger zones in mass gatherings before disaster strikes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gdNEEt

NFL doctors should be loyal to players, not teams

(Wiley) As concerns for the health of current and former players in the National Football League have been mounting, a new report explores the importance of players receiving health care free from conflicts of interest experienced by club doctors and athletic trainers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2f2HRlC

Fly larvae clean bee-eater's nest

(University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna) Bird nests are home not only to bird parents and their offspring but also to other inhabitants, such as insect larvae. So far, there has been no research into the possible benefit for birds from this living arrangement. Researchers from Vetmeduni Vienna have now shown that fly larvae in nests of European bee-eaters help clean the nest. The 'waste removal' has a positive effect on offspring development. Published in Journal of Ornithology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fNQT55

Turning back the aging clock

(California Institute of Technology) By boosting genes that destroy defective mitochondrial DNA, researchers can slow down and potentially reverse an important part of the aging process.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2flwj8k

Strange bedfellows: Dangerous link between driver distraction and sleepiness

(Queensland University of Technology) Driver distraction combined with sleepiness creates a perfect storm when young people get behind the wheel, warns QUT road safety researcher Dr Chris Watling. Dr Watling, from QUT's Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety - Queensland (CARRS-Q) presented his research at the Distraction: the problem and potential solutions seminar being held at QUT this month (November).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2f2Gvax

Bridging the advances in AI and quantum computing for drug discovery and longevity research

(InSilico Medicine, Inc.) Insilico Medicine Inc. and YMK Photonics Inc. announced a research collaboration and business cooperation to develop photonics quantum computing and accelerated deep learning techniques for drug discovery, biomarker development and aging research.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gwXcLy

Street triage halves the rate of Mental Health Act detentions

(Newcastle University) An on-street assessment by a specialist team has been shown to more than half the number of police detentions under the Mental Health Act and potentially save large health trusts £1 million a year.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fzoigM

Regular walking regimen can improve heart health

(Binghamton University) Heart disease, the leading cause of death in America, can be combated by implementing a simple walking regimen. Researchers at Binghamton University, State University of New York found that moderately intensive walking improves cardiovascular risk factors in the short term.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gbDILG

Individual lifespans are becoming more similar

(Max-Planck-Gesellschaft) The higher the life expectancy in a society, the smaller the difference between the ages at which people will die. Scientists discover a novel regularity for vastly different human societies and epochs.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gahndW

Beta-keratin discovery in bird feather fossil may help identify paleo color

(Chinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters) A team of international scientists led by researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences reported recently the oldest fossil evidence of beta-keratin from feathers of a 130-million-year-old basal bird from the famous Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2gbBJai

New study finds chronic wound patients who never receive opioids heal faster

(George Washington University) Victoria Shanmugam, M.D., associate professor of medicine at the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, published a study in Wound Repair and Regeneration finding that opioid exposure is associated with reduced likelihood of healing in patients with chronic wounds.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fiGoTh

Reliance on reason, evidence as a moral issue measured in study

(University of Illinois at Chicago) While some people rely more on reason and evidence than others when deciding on their beliefs, a new report suggests people can also come to see a reliance on reason and evidence as a moral issue -- to see the rationality of another's beliefs as indicative of their morality.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2eZDsQd

Plant compounds may boost brain function in older adults, study says

(University of Georgia) The same compounds that give plants and vegetables their vibrant colors might be able to bolster brain functioning in older adults.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2eZEImr

Drug and alcohol addiction treatment results improved when teens stopped smoking

(Case Western Reserve University) A Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine researcher has found that addiction treatment results improved when teens in a residential program stopped smoking.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fVyD7F

Opioids, NSAIDs no different overall for persistent pain after vehicle crashes

(Brown University) A new study finds that on average, the risk of chronic pain after a car accident was no greater among people given NSAIDs than among people given opioids, but those with opioids were more likely to remain on medication longer.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fLkDiQ

9 UCI researchers named AAAS fellows

(University of California - Irvine) Nine University of California, Irvine researchers in areas ranging from anthropology and psychology to computer science and biology have been named fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the world's largest general scientific society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gvA5RE

Common probiotics can reduce stress levels, lessen anxiety

(University of Missouri-Columbia) Probiotics, or beneficial live bacteria that are introduced into the body, have become increasingly popular as a way to improve health and well-being. Previous studies have shown a direct correlation between gut microbes and the central nervous system. Now, researchers at the University of Missouri, using a zebrafish model, determined that a common probiotic sold in supplements and yogurt can decrease stress-related behavior and anxiety.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fkDFvQ

NFL player health: The role of club doctors

(The Hastings Center) New Hastings Center special report includes recommendations from The Football Players Health Study at Harvard University for reducing club doctors' conflicts of interest, with diverse commentary from NFL physicians, current and former NFL players, and others.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fVctCp

Penn nursing & NY Blood Center receive grant to create women's HIV prevention program

(University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing) The University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing (Penn Nursing) and the New York Blood Center, in partnership with local community consulting groups, have received a $769,578 grant from the National Institute of Mental Health to embark on designing an awareness program on the usage of the daily oral medication Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP).

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fL4OJe

For chimps, mothers matter

(Harvard University) A group of researchers has shown, for the first time, that chimpanzees learn certain grooming behaviors from their mothers. Once learned, chimps continued to perform the behavior the same way, even after joining other social groups, and long after the death of their mothers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fkoGCh

Sexism may be harmful to men's mental health

(American Psychological Association) Men who see themselves as playboys or as having power over women are more likely to have psychological problems than men who conform less to traditionally masculine norms, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gdGA9a

Efforts are needed to protect native species from feral cats

(Wiley) Feral cats are among the most damaging invasive species worldwide, particularly in Australia where they have caused the extinction of more than 20 mammal species.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2geEiGq

Sniffing out cultural differences

(McGill University) When two people smell the same thing, they can have remarkably different reactions, depending on their cultural background. Researchers at the Neuro have found that even when two cultures share the same language and many traditions, their reactions to the same smells can be different.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2geCWva

Study uncovers high prevalence of military sexual trauma among transgender veterans

(Wiley) New research found a high prevalence of military sexual trauma (MST) among transgender veterans and an association between the experience of MST and certain mental health conditions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gChx2K

Household smoke exposure linked to antisocial behavior in young adolescents

(Wiley) Researchers found modest, yet reliable long-term links between early childhood household smoke exposure and self-reported antisocial behavior in early adolescence.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2geE5D0

The cost of feeling like a fraud

(Frontiers) The sensation of being a fake in the workplace, somehow in a position beyond one's true capabilities is known as 'the impostor phenomenon.' This study shows how it negatively affects career prospects and productivity: those who feel like fakes, though high-achieving, tend not to fulfill their full potential.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2geEvcF

Tennessee wine and grape industry experiencing strong growth

(University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture) A University of Tennessee Extension analysis of the most recent data released by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics indicates that the Tennessee wine and grape industry continues to show strong growth. Direct 'covered' or hired jobs in the Tennessee winery industry have grown to 435 workers in the first quarter of 2016, which is an increase of more than 20 percent from the same time last year.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fV1fxs

'Nice' women earn less than their more assertive counterparts

(American Friends of Tel Aviv University) A new study from Tel Aviv University finds that the nicer, or more agreeable, a woman is at work, the lower her salary is likely to be.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gC9HGz

ATOMS device effectively treats male incontinence with high patient satisfaction

(Wiley) In the largest study yet to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of the adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS) to treat incontinence in men following invasive prostate treatment, the overall success and dry rates were 90% and 64%, respectively, after a median of 31 months.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gaSGl7

Reconditioning the brain to overcome fear

(University of Cambridge) Researchers have discovered a way to remove specific fears from the brain, using a combination of artificial intelligence and brain scanning technology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gdsAvO

Dementia on the downslide, especially among people with more education

(University of Michigan Health System) In a hopeful sign for the health of the nation's brains, the percentage of American seniors with dementia is dropping, a new study finds. The downward trend has emerged despite something else the study shows: a rising tide of three factors that are thought to raise dementia risk by interfering with brain blood flow, namely diabetes, high blood pressure and obesity. Those with the most years of education had the lowest chances of developing dementia.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fkatW6

Archaeological excavation unearths evidence of turkey domestication 1,500 years ago

(Field Museum) Archaeologists have unearthed a clutch of domesticated turkey eggs used as a ritual offering 1,500 years ago in Oaxaca, Mexico -- some of the earliest evidence of turkey domestication.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2geBF7h

Fiction-book narratives: Only six emotional storylines

(Springer) Our most beloved works of fiction hide well-trodden narratives. And most fictions is based on far fewer storylines than you might have imagined. To come to this conclusion, big data scientists have worked with colleagues from natural language processing to analyse the narrative in more than a thousand works of fiction. These findings have just been published in EPJ Data Science by Andrew Reagan from the University of Vermont, USA, and colleagues.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fhUjZU

Flashy language doesn't fly with Supreme Court

(Michigan State University) Memo to all attorneys submitting legal briefs to the U.S. Supreme Court: Be subtle and your chances of winning go up significantly.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2eYQai4

Our brains have a basic algorithm that enables our intelligence, scientists say

(Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University) Our brains have a basic algorithm that enables us to not just recognize a traditional Thanksgiving meal, but the intelligence to ponder the broader implications of a bountiful harvest as well as good family and friends.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fxGXd1

Cooking and masculinity in Sweden

(Uppsala University) In a newly published study in The Sociological Review, researchers from Uppsala University and Stockholm University have explored how everyday domestic cooking is part of a (self-)understanding of men in Sweden and how the expressed sociality of cooking is intertwined with masculinity.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2eYC2Wt

Researchers reveal new test for cocaine in urine and oral fluid

(University of Surrey) Chemistry researchers develop a simple diagnostic test which can identify the level of cocaine in a person's urine or oral fluid.New test offers a low cost, quick method which could be used for testing at the roadside, in the workplace or in prisonsCurrent commercially available portable testing kits can give false positive results and cannot tell how much cocaine a person has ingested.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fhvwoX

Flavors influence appeal and use of most tobacco products, especially for youth

(UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center) In the journal Tobacco Control, researchers report the results of a systematic review of 40 studies completed in the United States and internationally that looked at the impact of non-menthol tobacco flavors on consumers' perceptions and tobacco use behaviors.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2eYjd5u

FSU researchers talk turkey: Native Americans raised classic holiday bird

(Florida State University) Researchers found turkeys were being raised and managed by Native Americans years before the first Thanksgiving.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2eXMsW9

Early childhood household smoke exposure predicts later delinquency and dropout risk at age 12

(University of Montreal) More children are exposed to household tobacco smoke in early childhood, the greater their risk of adopting antisocial behavior toward others, engaging in proactive and reactive aggression, having conduct problems at school, and dropping out at age 12.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fKk8Wy

BGRF scientists publish seminal paper and announce project to develop biomarkers of aging

(Biogerontology Research Foundation) The Biogerontology Research Foundation announces the international collaboration on signaling pathway perturbation-based transcriptomic biomarkers of aging. On Nov. 16, scientists at the Biogerontology Research Foundation alongside collaborators from Insilico Medicine Inc., Johns Hopkins University, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Boston University, Novartis, Nestle and BioTime Inc. announced the publication of their proof of concept experiment demonstrating the utility of a novel approach for analyzing transcriptomic, metabolomic and signalomic data sets, titled iPANDA, in Nature Communications.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fg2mGy

Serving teens with special diets: A tricky Thanksgiving recipe

(University of Michigan Health System) One in six parents say their teen has tried a gluten free, vegan, paleo or vegetarian diet. For some families, the restrictions can cause indigestion.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gBqbyD

Musical training creates new brain connections in children

(Radiological Society of North America) Taking music lessons increases brain fiber connections in children and may be useful in treating autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, according to a study being presented next week at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fwUph2

UTSA study examines CEO influence on corporate political activity

(University of Texas at San Antonio) A new study by Bruce Rudy, assistant professor of management at The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), examines the influence corporate CEOs have on their firm's political activity. Rudy's top-tier research focuses on corporate lobbying investment, finding that individual characteristics of the firm's leader influence such decisions.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g8nqzP

Cancer in children adversely affects parents' income and employment

(Wiley) Having a child with cancer led to income reductions for parents and job discontinuation among mothers in a recent study, even after adjusting for pre-diagnosis sociodemographic factors. Published early online in CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society, the findings indicate that childhood cancer affects parents' income and employment for years after the child's diagnosis, and that these effects are not equally distributed among mothers and fathers.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g8pTu2

Rice farming in India much older than thought, used as 'summer crop' by Indus civilization

(University of Cambridge) Thought to have arrived from China in 2000 BC, latest research shows domesticated rice agriculture in India and Pakistan existed centuries earlier, and suggests systems of seasonal crop variation that would have provided a rich and diverse diet for the Bronze Age residents of the Indus valley.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2fvo8Hf

FSU professor: 50 years of research fails to improve suicide prediction

(Florida State University) In a new study published in the journal Psychological Bulletin, Florida State University Assistant Professor Joe Franklin and his colleagues found traditional risk factors -- such as depression, substance abuse, stress or previous suicide attempts -- were not good predictors of suicide.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2f8Z08u

Brazil has improved health care for all, but inequalities persist

(University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences) A special edition of the International Journal for Equity in Health, co-edited by UCLA's James Macinko, highlights the beneficial role of Brazil's universal healthcare, which has improved access to care and health outcomes. In contrast to the US, Brazilians have a constitutional right to healthcare, so the government has to provide it. But the country's ongoing financial and political crisis could undo much of that progress. Can the US learn from this?

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2eOWN6O

APOL1 linked to reduced nephrocyte function, increased cell size, accelerated cell death

(Children's National Health System) A Children's National Health System research team has uncovered a novel process by which the gene APOL1 contributes to renal disease, according to a paper published Nov. 18 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2goFr0N

New book explores inflationary media's role in the Trump phenomenon

(University at Buffalo) As the transition of power begins in Washington and the nation continues a collective discussion on the outcome of the presidential election, a new book is adding valuable insight to the dialogue through its exploration of the media conditions that allowed for the Donald Trump phenomenon to take place.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g54HGy

Palliative care may mean fewer difficult transitions for older adults nearing end of life

(American Geriatrics Society) A team of researchers decided to examine whether palliative care could make life easier for older adults with serious illnesses who live in nursing homes, especially as they neared the end of their lives. The team studied the connection between palliative care treatment and very ill nursing home residents' need for emergency services or hospital admissions. The researchers published their findings in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g3mht1

Staying socially active can slow decline in older adults' ability to function

(American Geriatrics Society) Recently, a group of researchers from the Nara Medical University in Japan examined whether or not participation in social activities could affect an older adult's ability to function. Their study was published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fcvZMs

UF archaeologist uses 'dinosaur crater' rocks, prehistoric teeth to track ancient humans

(University of Florida) Where's the best place to start when retracing the life of a person who lived 4,000 years ago? Turns out, it's simple -- you start at the beginning.

from EurekAlert! - Archaeology http://ift.tt/2g4TUfv

For some older Chinese-Americans, caring for grandkids can enhance well-being

(American Geriatrics Society) 'Caring for grandchildren can be a burden, a blessing, or both. Enjoy the time with your family and grandchildren -- just be in control of how much time you spend caregiving,' said study co-author Fengyan Tang, Ph.D., Associate Professor, School of Social Work, University of Pittsburgh.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fNhVai

How social media impacts consumer spending

(University at Buffalo) For businesses using social media, posts with high engagement have the greatest impact on customer spending, according to new research from the University at Buffalo School of Management.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fpc5eN

How much attention do drivers need to pay?

(Human Factors and Ergonomics Society) MiRA, which takes a systems view of the driver in the context of the environment, represents a step toward the detection and classification of inattention.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fcdFCQ

The key to a better mood for young men is a nut

(University of New Mexico) College can be a stressful time for young adults as they figure out how to manage intense daily routines that include work, study and play. Eat well, exercise and get plenty of sleep is a familiar mantra to alleviate this stress, but now with the results of his latest study, UNM Nutrition Professor Peter Pribis is able to tell college students that walnuts could be a key to a happier state-of-mind.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g2ZJZF

How thinking about behavior differently can lead to happier FASD families

(University of Rochester) A new study from the University of Rochester sheds light on how parents and caregivers of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders can best help their kids, and at the same time, maintain peace at home and at school.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g2Mvfd

Toddlers with autism don't avoid eye contact, but do miss its significance

(Emory Health Sciences) Marcus Autism Center researchers studied eye movements in 2-year-olds with and without autism.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fbW9yD

Fear of the unknown common to many anxiety disorders

(University of Illinois at Chicago) Several anxiety disorders, including panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and specific phobias, share a common underlying trait: increased sensitivity to uncertain threat, or fear of the unknown, report researchers from the University of Illinois at Chicago.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g447J4

Brain science -- building a framework for ethical and social aspects

(Arizona State University) Arizona State University collaborated with a group of key stakeholders in a workshop to develop guidance for responsible innovation in brain science advances and related emerging technology.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fD0dsm

UTMB study offers new insight into how Alzheimer's disease begins

(University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston) A new study from The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston offers important insight into how Alzheimer's disease begins within the brain. The researchers found a relationship between inflammation, a toxic protein and the onset of the disease. The study also identified a way that doctors can detect early signs of Alzheimer's by looking at the back of patients' eyes.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fojHxW

Protective molecule sidelined in models of ALS

(Virginia Tech) Scientists have identified a naturally occurring molecule that has the potential for preserving sites of communication between nerves and muscles in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis -- as well as a molecule that interferes with this helpful process.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2eNOQyv

American College of Physicians outlines advocacy approach in post-election environment

(American College of Physicians) ACP has outlined its plans to address the implications of the 2016 US presidential and congressional elections.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2gnpBUd

NYU Dentistry awarded $1.9 million from NIDDK for osteoporosis drug research and development

(New York University) The federally funded grant will support bench research aimed at understanding how the protein hormone, parathyroid hormone-a related protein-and a drug analog that mimics the protein called abaloparatide, interact in the surface of a cell in bone and affect bone formation and breakdown.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2g5lSIw

New research training group at Goethe University Frankfurt: 'Configurations of Film'

(Goethe University Frankfurt) The first Research Training Group ever with a focus on film studies will be established at Goethe University Frankfurt. In the framework of the RTG with the title ;Configurations of Film', twelve doctoral researchers and two post-docs will examine from 2017 onwards how film culture is changing in the context of advancing digitization in various areas.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fDbOaW

UMass receives $2.3 million from NIH to address health disparities in African-American men

(The Reis Group) UMass Amherst researchers have been awarded a five-year, $2.3 million federal grant to study and build upon the success of an innovative program in Springfield, MA to improve the health of low-income African-American men. The team, partnering with Men of Color Health Awareness (MOCHA), will use the NIH grant to test and improve MOCHA's efforts to address eating habits, exercise, and stress stemming from impoverished economic conditions, racial and class discrimination, and gender role strain.

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Improving veterans' overall health and academic success

(University of California - Riverside) About two-thirds of veterans using Veterans Affairs Department education benefits earn a degree or complete a certificate or training program. The remaining third drop out, however, overcome by challenges in transitioning from service member to student. Now a study led by a health services researcher at the University of California, Riverside offers a solution: peer-led services, which, the researcher says, are ideal for connecting student veterans to resources and healthcare services.

from EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science http://ift.tt/2fo7Obh

About 1 million Texans gained health care coverage due to Affordable Care Act

(Rice University) Texas has experienced a roughly 6 percentage-point increase in health insurance coverage from the Affordable Care Act, according to new research by experts at Rice University and the Episcopal Health Foundation. This translates into just under 1 million Texans who have gained coverage due to President Barack Obama's health care law.

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